The study touches upon all the major areas of Translation, with special emphasis on Pedagogy (theories and methods), which is not much known and applied by translators, and where controversies still abound. The research analyses and explores all the theoretical and practical aspects involved in the translation process and various approaches to verge on the text to be translated, both in English and Urdu. The framework for translation has been worked out from multiple and diverse theories and models of translation and text linguistics propounded by various theorists. It has been devised in a linear order, beginning from text types, text descriptions, text linguistics and processing, and ending with text production as translation. The most crucial issue of Equivalence in translation has been analysed and applied, and various strategies, procedures and tactical tools for translation have been suggested. The research also unveils the current state of Urdu translation pedagogy and process in Pakistan, and suggests ways for its improvement in the light of the suggested theoretical matrix. The devised exhaustive pedagogic framework is later applied to the content analysis of four novels and the Questionnaire Survey, so that readers can see them in operation and at the same time help to confirm the reliability and validity of the devised theoretical framework and the recommended strategies for translation. The research endeavours to suggest a model translation curriculum, so as to lay down the foundation of Translation Studies as a discipline at the post-graduate level in all the public sector universities in Pakistan, in general and the International Islamic University, Islamabad, in particular. This is one of the pioneering work in Pakistan’s academia.
سید غلام محی الدین دوسرا حادثہ جناب سید غلام محی الدین کی وفات کا ہے، جو بڑے خاموش، متین، متواضع اور ذی علم شخص تھے۔ مولانا آزاد میموریل اکیڈمی لکھنؤ کے روح رواں اور اس کے انگریزی جرنل کے ایڈیٹر تھے، وہ مجلس تحقیقات و نشریات اسلام لکھنؤ کے بھی نہایت سرگرم رکن اور انگریزی کے اچھے اہل قلم تھے، مولانا سیدابوالحسن علی ندوی مدظلہ سے بڑا مخلصانہ تعلق رکھتے تھے، ان کے دینی و دعوتی کاموں میں ان کے معادن بھی تھے، ان کی متعدد کتابوں اور مضامین کا انگریزی ترجمہ کیا، مولانا ان کی خاموش خدمت اور علمی صلاحیت کے معترف تھے، عرصہ سے تنفس کا مرض لاحق ہوگیا تھا۔ بالاخر ۹؍ نومبر کو وقت موعود آگیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کے درجات بلند فرمائے، آمین۔ (ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، دسمبر ۱۹۹۶ء)
The purpose of this research paper is to identify the relationship between Globalization and Translation, and to discuss the impact of Globalization on Translation. Globalization has different meanings to different scholars but the common theme that may be derived from different definitions is to make global or worldwide in scope or application. Keeping in view the context of Translation Studies (TS) it is mentioned that Globalization means “to make source texts global or worldwide in understanding or application, where application refers to the teaching and/ learning about different cultures” This paper also indicates to various kinds of globalization. However the impact of Globalization on Translation was highlighted to make the point that globalization does not only impact on translation, but it has impact on the lives of translators and their jobs in addition to language translation services in various fields of translation including media, medical and legal field. It formulates an attempt to understand the significance of translation in a global context. The conclusion answered the question: Is globalization has positive and negative impact on translation?
Teacher Education plays a vital role in the development of quality education and implementing the change process at classroom level. The Primary Education Directorate, Government of Balochistan, with the cooperation of the Aga Khan University, Institute for Educational Development has implemented the Primary Teacher Mentoring Program (PTMP) in eighteen districts of Balochistan. It is a new initiative in primary teacher education by the Government of Balochistan. This investigation is a qualitative case study focusing on the impact of the mentoring process on primary teachers' professional development in the District Lasbella, Balochistan. In this study the major sources for data collection were interviews, observations, informal talks, and documentation reviews. The obtained data has been analyzed and it has been found that the PTMP is a needs-oriented and indigenous model of mentoring process in which limited resources and contextual situation have been considered. It provides a built-in mechanism of on-going professional development support to the teachers. It is a cluster-based support, where 30-40 teachers of the cluster along with a mentor gather for two days in a month and discuss their classroom & school related teaching learning issues & concerns and sort them out. The mentoring process seems to have created a collaborative learning environment, which has reduced isolated teachers' culture, enhanced their content and pedagogical knowledge and developed teachers as reflective practitioners. Certain challenges are associated with the PTMP, which affect the performance of mentors and mentees and consequently impinge negatively upon overall achievement of the PTMP. These challenges are weak organizational / physical infrastructure & resource constraints, workload of Teaching Learning Resource Team (TLRT), weak feedback and monitoring system, limited school-based follow-up & support, non-cooperation of some district officials & headteachers, and rigid government rules and regulations. However, there are certain possibilities within the program design that may overcome some above-mentioned difficulties in near future. These are: (a) decentralization policy of the PTMP; (b) PED will be in a position to put more time and energy in the consolidation of the program in the year 2000; and (c) more PDTs may join the PED to enhance its institutional capacity building.