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Consumer Ethical Decision Making in Pakistan

Thesis Info

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Author

Shah, Syed Afzal Moshadi

Program

PhD

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Management Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9698/1/Syed%20Afzal_Moshadi_Shah_Managt_Scie_2019_CIIT_15.05.2019.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724572823

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In a typical retail setting, consumers face numerous situations that involve ethical decision making. The situations may range from choice between pirated and patent registered products to use of others’ membership card to order a product. The literature on consumer ethics is growing in size and popularity since 1990’s however the consumer ethics literature and ethical decision making is an under research area in developing countries like Pakistan. The purpose of the study is to examine the ethical decision making process using general theory of marketing ethics and linking it with theories of moral intensity, moral philosophy, neutralization techniques and self-conscious emotions. The study is positivist in nature that involves data collection on a scenario based questionnaire, from 726 retail consumers in Pakistan through online and field survey. The study uses descriptive statistics, correlation, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling to analyze the data. The results confirm that consumers in Pakistan have a positive influence of moral intensity on their self-conscious emotions. Social anxiety is found to play a positive role in both samples whereas private self-conscious emotions are found to be effective in only online survey. It is found that consumers’ self-conscious emotions may or may not lead to the development of neutralization techniques by them. However, the use of neutralization techniques is found to be positively associated with ethical judgement regardless of its harmful and harmless ethical dimensions. The consumers scoring high on moral intensity, moral philosophy and self-conscious emotions are found to be more considerate in their ethical judgement that in turn positively influences their behavioural intentions. The study is first of its kinds that has linked rational and non-rational aspects and contributes towards the literature on consumer ethical decision making by incorporating moral, emotional and neutralization dimensions at large and in the context of developing countries specifically Pakistan. The study recommends the launch of educational programs and awareness campaigns highlighting importance of ethical conduct plus rules and regulations to safe guard businesses from delinquent behaviour of retail consumers
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24. Al-Nur/The Light

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

24:01
This is a Surah that WE have sent down, and made its Injunctions mandatory to be applied in matters of ethics, mannerism, and morality,
and WE have sent down Clear Messages in it so that you may contemplate and enact.

24:02
The adulterous and fornicator female and the adulterous and fornicator male, where both are equally guilty of engaging in an extramarital relationship, flog each one of them a hundred lashes.
And let no compassion, pity, or sympathy for both of them keep you away from executing the command of Allah’s Religion, if you truly believe in Allah – the One and Only God of everyone, and the Last Hour.
And ensure that a group of believers witness their punishment.

24:03
After the punishment has been executed the adulterous or fornicator male will not marry anyone but an adulterous or fornicator female, or a polytheist female.
And the adulterous or fornicator female will only marry an adulterous or fornicator male, or a polytheist male.
But marrying someone guilty of adultery or fornication is forbidden for the believers.

24:04
And those who falsely accuse a chaste/respectable lady of an extramarital affair on circumstantial evidence but then do not bring four eye witnesses in support of their accusation,
then flog them eighty lashes,
and never accept their testimony ever again.
And those - they are the ones who have overstepped the limits.

24:05
Exceptions are those who later repent and reform themselves,
for sure, Allah is All-Forgiving, All-Compassionate.

24:06
And as for those...

وجوه الإعجاز عند المتكلمين: الرماني والخطابي نموذجا

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