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Home > Determinants of Off-Farm Employment Among Small Farm Holders in Peshawar Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Determinants of Off-Farm Employment Among Small Farm Holders in Peshawar Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Haidar Ali

Program

PhD

Institute

The University of Agriculture

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Rural Sociology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12987/1/Haidar_Ali_Rural_Development_2018_Univ_of_Agri_Peshawar.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724599073

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The present study investigated the determinants of off-farm employment among small farmers in Peshawar Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa i. A sample of 298 farm households was selected using random sampling technique and data were collected through a pre-tested interview schedule. This study focuses on three selected districts i.e. Peshawar, Charsadda and Mardan. Six villages were selected two each from the sampled districts. Analysis showed that the coefficients of household size, level of education of the household head, age of the household head, farm underemployment, income from off-farm employment, access to credit were positively related to the off-farm employment. While farm area operated and income from farm output was negatively but significantly related to off-farm employment. There was a significant difference in the off-farm employment among various sizes of farms. In a similar manner it was also seen that the tenants and owner-cum-tenant were involved less in off-farm activities than owners. It was established that owners operated very small farm size of the study area. There was a significant difference among off-farm employment level in the three districts. More of the sampled respondents were involved in off-farm employment in Peshawar followed by Mardan and Charsadda. Similarly small farmers of developed villages perform more off-farm employment than the small farm households of underdeveloped villages. This could be associated to the developed means of transport and communications, better education facilities, market facilities as well as availability of off-farm jobs locally. In developed villages of three districts, average per month income of small farm households from farm output was higher than the undeveloped villages of these districts due to the high sale price of vegetables grown on large area and more milk production. Similarly, in developed villages income from off-farm employment was more than undeveloped villages. Because large number of family labors of small farm households were working on high paid jobs or employed else or self-employed and thus contributed a good amount to their family’s income. The study suggests that with the lessening in the size of land holding unemployment in the agriculture area is probably going to increment. There is a need to make off-farm employment opportunities. Agro based industries appears to potential area to create employment opportunities. All the while there is a need for initiating skill development programs.
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مولانا شاہ ابرار الحق حقی

آہ! حضرت مولانا شاہ ابرارالحق حقی ؒ
افسوس کہ مشہور عالم، مصلح و مربی مولانا شاہ ابرارالحق کا انتقال ہر دوئی میں ۱۶؍ مئی کی شب میں ہوگیا، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون، قریب ۹۰ سال کی عمر پائی، ان کی وفات سے دینی و علمی خصوصاً اصلاح و ارشاد کے حلقوں میں جو ماتم برپا ہے، اس سے اندازہ ہوتا ہے کہ ان کی رحلت سے قوم و ملت کو کس درجہ نقصان و حرمان کا احساس ہے۔
وہ حکیم الامت مولانا تھانویؒ کی بزم دوشیں کی آخری شمع تھے، مولانا تھانویؒ سے براہ راست اکتسابِ فیض کی نسبت ان کی دینی و اصلاحی خدمات کی عظمت و وسعت اور فیض یا فتگان کی بے مثال کثرت میں ہمیشہ برکت کا سبب بنی رہی، مولانا تھانویؒ کے متعلق اہلِ دل کا یہ قول نقل کیا گیا ہے کہ ’’اﷲ تعالیٰ نے ان کے زمانے کے باصلاحیت لوگوں کو ان کے گرد جمع فرما دیا تھا‘‘، اس کی تصدیق واقعتا حضرت تھانویؒ کے سینکڑوں خلفا اور ہزاروں مریدوں کے جایزے سے ہوتی ہے جن میں ہر شخص آفتاب و ماہتاب تھا، مولانا ابرارالحق صاحب خانقاہ تھانہ بھون سے بیت کی اجازت پانے والوں میں سب سے کم عمر تھے، مولانا تھانویؒ کی مشہور اصول پسندی اور صحبت و بیعت کی اجازت کے باب میں شدت احتیاط کے باوجود ایک نوعمر کو خلافت و اجازت عطا کیے جانے سے کم سن مرید کی صلاحیت و عظمت کا اندازہ لگانا مشکل نہیں جس کی بعد کی زندگی کے ہرنقش نے ثابت کیا کہ نگاہ مرشد کیسی جو ہر شناس تھی۔
مولانا ابرارالحق سے قبل ان کے والد ماجد مولوی محمودالحق حقی بھی مولانا تھانویؒ کے دست گرفتہ اور مجاز صحبت تھے، مولانا تھانویؒ نے ایک بار اپنے ملفوظات میں معاملات کو دین سے الگ سمجھنے اور رکھنے کی بابت فرمایا...

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