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Ecoperformativity in Multivalent Textual Ecologies

Thesis Info

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Author

Mansoor, Asma

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

English Language & Literature

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11985/1/Asma%20Mansoor%20English%202019%20numl%20isb%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724647510

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Intervening within contemporary ecosophy, this thought experiment reframes the idea of the human while taking into account nonhuman semiotic potential. It postulates literary theory and texts as agents that participate in the material world’s meaningmaking tableau while subverting the nature/culture and human/nonhuman divides. Through a transdisciplinary itinerary, my work provides a much needed intervention within the field of literature as it foregrounds the narrative potential of nonhuman actants and its impact on the assumptions regarding the human body. Since stories have historically prescribed the centrality of the human as a logocentric agent, I argue that stories can also be used to dismantle this anthropocentric tilt. In so doing, they can establish the idea of a reparative humanness that takes into account the materialsemiotic agency of the world within which the human is enmeshed. Via the idea of textual ecology, I read the world as a kinetic compendium of human and nonhuman stories that defy absolutes and break down onto-epistemological enclosures. Therefore, my theorization takes on board Gerald Vizenor’s The Heirs of Columbus and Paolo Bacigalupi’s The Windup Girl, along with two hypertexts, i.e., Mark Amerika’s Grammatron and Stephanie Strickland & Cynthia Lawson Jaramillo’s V:Vniverse to propose a re-reading of the human in terms of a compound subjectivity. This compound subjectivity inaugurates a re-reading of human embodiment as an editable assemblage that is in a state of continual becoming due to its enmeshment with various nonhuman phenomena. Since the human body is no longer a fixed entity, human performativity is also equally malleable. Therefore, I propose the idea of Ecoperformativity, which invites a search for new stories regarding our understanding of the world we live in through their mediation with nonhuman narrative agency. In so doing, I have blended the pertinent tenets of Jacques Derrida, Karen Barad, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, Bruno Latour, Jeffrey Jerome Cohen, Timothy Morton, Rosi Braidotti and Donna Haraway, etc. My research advocates the stance that in narrating more egalitarian performative accounts of human and nonhuman agency, literary texts and theories function as open-ended semiotic systems which permit a weaving of new stories regarding the co-constitutive participation of the human and nonhuman in the meaning-making processes of the world. This provides the space for the renewal of humanities that could raise further possibilities for thinking Posthuman subjectivities and the new structures of dominance that might emerge as a consequence.
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ایٹمی دھماکے

ایٹمی دھماکے

                                                                                                                عمران قادری

ہندوستان نے جب راجستھان کے علاقے میں جب ایٹمی دھماکے کیے اور سیکورٹی کونسل کی مستقل نشست کے لیے پر تو لنے لگا تب وطن عزیز پاکستان نے ایک ذوالفقار علی بھٹو کو جنم دے رکھا تھا …جن کی نظروں نے اس وقت خطے میں بھارت کی چودھراہٹ کا خواب بھانپ لیا تھا ۔

صد شکر کہ اس وقت جب 1971ء کی جنگ کا ٹائیگر نیازی ہندوستانی جنرل کے سامنے ہتھیار ڈالنے کی تقریب میں دستخط کر رہا تھا ۔ان کی پتلونیں آج بھی ہندوستانی نمائش میں لٹکی ہوئی ہیں مگر جنرل نیازی کے ساتھ قید نوے ہزار پاکستانی افواج کو ذوالفقار علی بھٹو جہاں ہندوستان سے آزاد کر ا لایا وہاں ایک شکست خوردہ قوم اور ملک کا وقار بحال کر نے کا عزم لیے ذوالفقار علی بھٹو عملی جدو جہد میں تھا ساتھ ہی خطے میں ہندوستانی چودھراہٹ کا راستہ روکنے کے لیے اس نے پاکستان میں ایٹم بم کی بنیاد رکھی ۔

عجیب لیڈر تھا قوم سے چندے نہیں مانگے نا ہی قوم کو مہنگائی کے سمندر میں دھکیلا بلکہ قوم کے لیے عربوں میں رزق کے دروازے کھولے ہر پاکستانی کو پاکستان کے امراء کے مقابل لا کھڑا کیا ۔صد خدا کا شکر اس وقت پاکستان میں عمران نیازی جیسا کوئی لیڈر نہیں تھا جو بزدل آج بھی سرکار ی طور پر ہندوستان کے احترام میں یوم تکبیر منانے سے قاصر ہے ۔ذوالفقار علی بھٹو نے اس وقت ٹوٹے ہوئے بکھرے ہوئے مایوس پاکستان میں ہندوستان کی چودھراہٹ تسلیم کر نے سے انکار کیا تھا ۔

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Investigating the Activity of Zirconia As a Catalyst and As a Support for Noble Metals in Organic Oxidation Reactions

Alcohols and cyclic alkanes oxidation, in an environment friendly protocol, was carried out in a typical batch reactor. These reactions were carried out in solvent free conditions and/or in eco-friendly solvents using molecular oxygen as the only oxidant and ZrO2 and/or ZrO2 supported noble metals (Pt, Pd) as catalysts. The influence of different reaction parameters (speed of agitation, reaction time, and temperature), catalyst parameters (calcination temperature and loading), and oxygen partial pressure on the catalyst performance was studied. Different modern techniques such as (FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, surface and pores size analyzer and particle size analyzer) were used for the characterization of catalyst. ZrO2 calcined at 1223 K was found to be more active as a single catalyst than the one calcined at 723 K for alcohol oxidation to the corresponding carbonyl products under solvent free conditions and in ecofriendly solvent as well. Platinum supported on zirconia was highly active and selective for oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde in n- heptane, and toluene to benzoic acid in both solvent free conditions and in aqueous medium. Similarly, zirconia supported Pt or Pd catalysts were tested for cyclohexane oxidation in solvent free conditions and for phenol oxidation in aqueous medium. Both catalysts have shown magnificent catalytic activity. Bismuth was added as a promoter to these catalysts. Bismuth promoted Pt/ZrO2 has shown outstanding catalytic performance. These catalysts are insoluble in the reaction mixture and can be easily separated by simple filtration and reused. Typical batch reactor’s kinetic data were obtained and fitted to the classical Langmuir–Hinshelwood, Mars–van Krevelen and as well as to the Eley-Rideal model of heterogeneously catalyzed reactions. In alcohol oxidation reactions the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model was found to give a better fit. The rate-determining step was proposed to involve direct interaction of an adsorbed oxidizing species with the adsorbed reactant or an intermediate product of the reactant. While in toluene oxidation the Eley-Rideal model was found to give a better fit. Eley-Rideal mechanism envisages reaction between adsorbed oxygen with hydrocarbon molecules from the fluid phase. The calculated apparent activation energy and agitation effect have shown the absence of mass transfer effect.