وہاں دشمن بھی ہوتے ہیں جہاں پر یار ہوتے ہیں
جہاں پہ پھول ہوتے ہیں ، وہیں پر خار ہوتے ہیں
پتہ اُن کا اگر چاہو مرے ہر زخم سے پوچھو
جدھر سے تیر آتا ہے وہیں سرکار ہوتے ہیں
مقدر میں جو سختی ہو تو ایسا ہو ہی جاتا ہے
وہی گھر لوٹ لیتے ہیں جو پہریدار ہوتے ہیں
میں افشا راز کر سکتا ہوں تیری بزم کے ظالم
کہ میں سب جانتا ہوں جو بھی کاروبار ہوتے ہیں
جہاں والوں کے دل میں ہم نے تائبؔ جی یہ دیکھا ہے
انھیں کی یاد ہوتی ہے جو باکردار ہوتے ہیں
Pakistan is an Ideological country, there are only two ideological states in the world. First one was Madinah (Saudi Arabia) and the second one is Pakistan. Political situation in our country is worst. There is no any stability in political situation. From its existence Pakistan is facing different problems and issues. In this research article, will try to draw reasons and will table solutions to get political stability in Pakistan.
The research work reports perissodactyl fossils from the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene Siwalik localities of northern Pakistan. The localities are located in three districts of northern Pakistan, namely Attock, Jhelum and Chakwal. The studied sites Jogi Maira, Kaulial Kas and Dhok Mila are situated in the Attock district; the sites Bhandar, Dhok Gojri and Hasnot are in the Jhelum district and the sites Naragghi, Dhok Pathan and Sethi-Nagri are in the Chakwal district. The outcrops range Nagri to Dhok Pathan Formations of the Middle Siwalik Subgroup. More than 175 perissodactyl samples were recovered. The recovered fossil material comprises the maxillary and mandible fragments, isolated lower and upper incisors, deciduous and permanent premolars and molars. The comparative morphometric features of the newly collected material indicate a diverse presence of perissodactyls in the Middle Siwalik Subgroup of Pakistan. The identified perissodactyl taxa include six species of hipparionines (Equidae), Hipparion sp. small, Cormohipparion sp., Sivalhippus anwari, Sivalhippus cf. nagriensis, Sivalhippus perimensis and Sivalhippus theobaldi; two species of family Rhinocerotidae, Chilotheriumcf. intermedium and Alicornops sp., and one species of family Chalicotheriidae, Anisodon sp. The newly recovered specimens of Sivalhippus anwari provides additional details about the morphometric features of this species. Sivalhippustheobaldi represents predominance among the Siwalik hipparionines. The recovered faunal list is compared with the perissodactyls of the Siwalik Group as well as with the Eurasian localities of the same age. The bivariate analysis indicates the intraspecies size variations. The Siwalik perissodactyls show adaptive as well as taxonomic diversity. Mesowear-I analysis shows low occlusal relief and rounded cusps of Sivalhippus nagriensis and S. anwari whereas other Siwalik hipparionine species show high occlusal relief and sharp cusps. The perissodactyls provide evidence of savannah to woodland habitats during the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene of the subcontinent. Such inhabiting areas of the Siwalik were also enriched by the different pouches of the moist and damp areas of forests.