The present study was aimed to analyze the effects of peer tutoring on the academic achievement of students in the subject of biology at secondary level. The objectives of the study were: (1) To find outthe effect of peer tutoring on the academic achievement of students in the subject of biology; (2) To investigate the effect of peer tutoring on the academic achivement of tutors and tutees of experimental group; (3)To examine the effects of peer tutoring with respect to knowledge, comprehension and application levels of cognitive domain of Bloom Taxonomy; (4) To explore the effect of peer tutoring on the motivation of the students towards learning. All 433,405 boys‟ students at secondary level of 10th grade of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were the population of the study. Forty (40) students of 10th grade, who were studying biology as elective subjects, were taken as sample of the study from Allied National Software Institute (ANSI), a private secondary school in Mardan through random sampling. The Pretest Posttest Equivalent Group Design was used. Teacher made pretest, posttest and participant observation were the data collection tools. The data collected from pretest and posttest, were analyzed through independent sample t-test and ANOVA. The qualitative data obtained from participants observation, was analyzed qualitatively. It was found that the mean score of experimental group was significantly better than the mean score of control group. It was found through participant observation that peer tutoring had developed strong motivation in both tutors and tutees. It was concluded that peer tutoring was the effective method of instruction of teaching biology at secondary level which had enhanced significantly the academic achievement and motivation of both tutors and tutees as compared to control group. Peer tutoring was also found effective in the development of academic achievement of students at secondary level with respect to knowledge, comprehension and application levels of bloom taxonomy. It was suggested that peer tutoring may be incorporated along with other teaching methodologies of teaching for the subject of biology and due consideration may be given to tutoring strategies in all teacher education practices in the country. The principles, procedures and rules of peer tutoring should be followed while conducting any peer tutoring program. The current study is conducted on male students; therefore, future studies are recommended to use different samples of male and female students at different academic levels.
پروفیسر محمد نعیم الرحمن پروفیسر محمد نعیم الرحمن مرحوم ریڈر شعبۂ عربی و فارسی الہ آباد یونیورسٹی کی وفات علمی حلقہ کا بڑا المناک سانحہ ہے، مرحوم مشہور مصنف و مترجم مولوی خلیل الرحمن صاحب مرحوم صاحب اندلسیات کے خلف الصدق اور خود ممتاز صاحب علم اور علم و فن کے خدمت گزار تھے، عربی، فارسی اور انگریزی کے علاوہ فرنچ اور عبرانی سے بھی واقف تھے، عربی زبان سے ان کا تعلق محض درس و تعلیم تک محدود نہ تھا، بلکہ ان کو اس کا ذوق اور ان میں اس کی خدمت کا جذبہ تھا، انجمن عربی صوبہ متحدہ کے معتمد اور اس کے سرگرم کارکن تھے، انھوں نے الہ آباد یونیورسٹی میں عربی کی اہمیت اور مسلمان طالب علموں میں اس کا ذوق قائم رکھا، بہت سے علمی اور تعلیمی اداروں کے رکن اور ممبر تھے، تصنیف و تالیف سے بھی ذوق تھا، متعدد کتابوں کے مصنف، مترجم اور مرتب تھے، عربی و فارسی کی بہت سی درسی کتابیں لکھیں، ان کی قلمی یادگاروں میں مورخ عبدالواحد مراکشی تمیمی کی ’’المعجب فی تخلیص اخبار المغرب‘‘ کا اردو ترجمہ خلافت موحدین خصوصیت کے ساتھ لائق ذکر ہے، مرحوم کی عمر پچپن چھپن سال سے زیادہ نہ تھی اور صحت ایسی تھی کہ مشکل سے پینتالیس سال کے معلوم ہوتے تھے، چند مہینے بیمار رہ کر، ۲۷؍ فروری کو انتقال کیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس خادم علم کو نعیم جنت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی،اپریل ۱۹۵۰ء)
يشكل القرآن الكريم منبعا ثريا، يلجأ إليه الشعراء والأدباء في أعمالهم الأدبية المختلفة، لأنّه جزء ثابت في حياتهم، واستنادا على هذا وجد الشعراء ضالتهم في القرآن الكريم للتعبير عن خواطرهم مستلهمين منه معانيه، وقد ارتبط الشعر الفلسطيني خاصة بالقرآن الكريم باعتبار أن قضية احتلال فلسطين قضية دينية أكثر منها سياسية، إذا كيف تأثر الشعراء الفلسطينيين بما جاء من قصص وعبر في القرآن الكريم وكيف ترجموها في شعرهم لإشعال المقاومة والثورة؟ والهدف من هذه الدّراسة توضيح أنّ الشعر الفلسطيني ارتبط بالقرآن الكريم لاعتبار الشعراء الفلسطينيين قضية فلسطين قضية دينية ومن النتائج التي توصلنا إليها تأثر شعراء فلسطين بالقرآن الكريم في عدة جوانب منها استلهام المفردات القرآنية والرموز الدّينية والتّناص والإيقاع والموسيقى، وقد اعتمد الباحثان في الدّراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي
Classroom incivility is any action that interferes with a harmonious and cooperative learning atmosphere in
the classroom. The present study focused to investigate and compare classroom incivilities in male and female
college students in public and private institutions. The study also identified strategies used by the teachers to
control classroom incivilities.
The study was quantitative in nature. Survey method was used for collecting data. All the students and
teachers of Bachelor level at District Attock comprised the population of the study. The total population of
students at Bachelor level was 3362 and teachers’ population was 264. The sample consisted of 672 students
and 132 teachers. Two questionnaires were developed by the researcher to collect data from students and
teachers. Percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test were used to analyze data by using SPSS. Data was
presented in tables and graphs.
It is concluded that in the light of the teacher's and students’ opinion, there was a difference found in the
behaviours of male and female teachers and students, as female teachers and students were more involved in
classroom incivilities as compared to male teachers and students. In the light of institution-wise comparison
of teachers’ behaviours public and private colleges have no significant difference. In the light of student
opinion institution wise comparison of teachers’ behaviours, there was a significant difference as public
college teachers were more involved in classroom incivilities as compared to private colleges’ teachers. It is
recommended to provide classroom management training and practical strategies to deal with classroom
incivilities.