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Home > Energy Charter Treaty Ect : Challenges and Prospects for Pakistans Energy Trade and Security

Energy Charter Treaty Ect : Challenges and Prospects for Pakistans Energy Trade and Security

Thesis Info

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Author

Qureshi, Abdul Basit

Program

PhD

Institute

National Defence University

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Political science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11034/1/Abdul%20Basat_Peace%20%26%20Conflict%20Studies_2019_NDU_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724681188

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Energy is one of the fundamental inputs to economic growth in a modern world. Therefore, energy security is pivotal especially for the developing countries such as Pakistan. Due to deficiency in indigenous energy resources and consumer base, Pakistan has to rely on imported natural gas. Natural gas trade has several dimensions, which may correlate with domestic as well as cross-border energy transactions, by means of bilateral or multilateral agreements. The relationship among the trading partners and geopolitical situation raise complexity in the agreements that may halt the potential trade volumes. This is evident in the case of Pakistan, which cannot import natural gas even though; it faced huge economic loss due to energy shortages.Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) is an international, inter-governmental legal treaty, enforceable among the energy producing, transit and the consuming states. It postulates a systemic process covering legal and commercial aspects of energy trade. Trade openness is justified in the present time of multifaceted challenges of terrorism and conflicts wherein, the global peace can be achieved not only through deterrence, regional supremacy and non-interference into other states‘ affairs, but also through permanent international peace efforts, economic inter-dependence and cooperation. Therefore, energy cooperation among the states may fortify economic, social, political integration and prosperity. Cooperation among nations can be enriched through cross-border economic pacts, and integration by applying liberalization of economic policies and the energy trade inter se states. The institutional coordination may serve as a crucial catalyst in this regard. However, various past studies shows that energy security in Pakistan deficiency, specifically in natural gas sector, relies on international-trans-border energy trade with legal commitment and security. Historically, it is evident that economic agreements may not only get the states closer, but may also strengthen trust thus, improving the inter-states‘ peace-orientation and conflict management. It greatly fosters total economic gain and prosperity of the nations. In this dissertation, case study of Turkmenistan Afghanistan Pakistan India (TAPI) Gas Pipeline—as a Peace Pipeline, among the contracting states of ECT permanent members and observers has been analyzed with a conclusion that it will resolve common disputes, but may also contribute towards building economically stronger the countries ofSouth Asia and Central Asian. It has also been analyzed on the well-established research touchstones that in order to address energy deficiency in Pakistan, the legal, regulatory and commercial regime of the country may be harmonized with ECT‘s regime, which may not only mitigate the challenges and hurdles in securing energy transit for Pakistan but may also ensure invulnerable energy supply to Pakistan for the greater good of its generations to come
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محتشم عبدالغنی

محتشم عبدالغنی مرحوم
جناب محتشم عبدالغنی مرحوم کا تعلق سرزمین بھٹکل سے ہے، ہندوستان کے مغربی ساحل پر بحر عرب کی موجوں کی بے تابی، نمی، خنکی، گہرائی اور گیرائی کے ہمہ وقت نظارے میں محو، بھٹکل کی یہ ساحلی زمین، مردم خیز رہی ہے، جناب محتشم عبدالغنی بھی اپنی دینی، تعلیمی اور سماجی خدمات کی وجہ سے بھٹکل کے قابل فخر فرزند تھے، نام و نمود سے دور رہنے اور خموشی کو ترجیح دینے اور تجارت میں مصروف رہنے کے باوجود ان کی ملت کے لیے دل سوزی اور مقاصد کے مطلوب سرمستی ورعنائی نے ان کو بڑی مقبولیت عطا کی تھی، دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلما کی مجلس انتظامیہ اور آل انڈیا مسلم پرسنل لا بورڈ کے وہ رکن اساسی تھے، مسلم یونی ورسٹی علی گڑھ کی کورٹ کے معزز ممبر بھی تھے، قوم و ملت کے اداروں کے لیے فکر مند اور عملاً ان کی بہود و ترقی کے لیے کوشاں رہے لیکن ان کی جدوجہد، ایثار و قربانی کا سب سے حسین مرقع بھٹکل بلکہ گواسے کیرلا تک پورا مغربی ساحل ہے، دینی، اخلاقی، تعلیمی، تجارتی اور سیاسی لحاظ سے یہ پورا خطہ دوسروں کے لیے قابل تقلید ہے، وہاں کے مسلمانوں کی اس بیداری میں بے شبہ محتشم عبدالغنی مرحوم کی خدمات سب سے نمایاں ہیں، بھٹکل میں ان کو قائد قوم کہا جاتا تھا، حق یہ ہے کہ ان کی قیادت کی ضرورت پوری ملت اسلامیہ ہندیہ کو تھی۔
راقم الحروف کو ان کی خدمت میں حاضر ہونے کا موقع ملا، جسمانی لحاظ سے وہ قد آور اور وجیہ و شکیل تھے، دل بھی اتنا ہی پاک اور شفاف تھا، گفتگو کی دل کشی ان کے لہجے کی معصومیت سے اور سوا ہوجاتی تھی، وہ مولانا سید ابوالحسن علی ندوی کے بڑے عقیدت مند تھے اور اسی عقیدت کی وجہ سے دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلما سے...

اسلامی تصوف کے مصادر اور مستشرقین كى آراء کا ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ

The issue of the source and origin of Sufism in Islam is a complex one. A number of scholars, since the latter half of the nineteenth century have put forward conflicting claims. Earlier Orientalists thought that a Sufism developed from a single source while the latter scholars think a number of different sources should be considered as origin of Sufism. Both groups agree, however, in maintaining that Sufism is an addition to Islam and did not originally belong to Islam.  Different opinions have been presented regarding the true source of Sufism, for example, Persian, Indian, Christian, Jewish and Neo-Platonic philosophies. The present paper intends to refute these charges of external influences on Islamic Sufism and attempts to show that the real origin of Islamic Sufism lies nowhere but in the teachings of the Holy Qur’an, Sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and lives of the blessed companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him).

Analytical and Numerical Solutions of Dynamic Models for Liquid Chromatography Systems

This dissertation presents solutions of general rate models (GRMs) of non-reactive and reactive liquid chromatography with a focus on evaluating the effect of finite rates for the adsorption and desorption steps, typically considered to be in equilibrium. Such slow rates of adsorption-desorption steps influence the column efficiency and elution shapes. The model equations are partial differential equations accounting for convection, dispersion, mass transfer resistances, and/or reaction kinetics coupled with algebraic and ordinary differential equations for describing adsorption-desorption on the stationary phase. Mostly in liquid chromatography operations, the injected sample is diluted or of small volume, justifying the use of linear models for process simulation. In this study, the Laplace trans formation is applied for deriving analytical solutions of the linear model equations. To get back solutions in the original time domain, numerical Laplace inversion formula is applied. Analytical solutions are further used for deriving the Laplace domain expressions of the first four temporal moments. In some applications, mixture samples are concentrated and have large volumes, necessitating the use of nonlinear models which are not solvable analyt ically. A high resolution finite volume scheme is applied for the numerical approximation of nonlinear GRM considering core-shell particles. Several test problems are considered to compute influences of the rate constants for adsorption and desorption, axial dispersion, intraparticle diffusion resistance, film mass transfer resistance, core-radius fraction and in let boundary conditions on the elution profiles. The developed analytical and numerical solutions are helpful tools to predict dynamic behaviors inside the column and to evalu ate the influence of model parameters on the elution profiles, in particular the effects of finite rates of the intrinsic adsorption and desorption steps. They provide useful tools for sensitivity analysis, process optimization and for parameters estimation from experiments.