الأحاديث التي حكم عليها الإمام البغوي بالنكـارة مـن خلال كتابه (شـرح السنة)

يهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز جهود الإمام البغوي في الأحاديث التي حكم عليها بالنكـارة، مـن خلال كتابه: (شـرح السنة)، كما أنه يحُرر في هذا البحث: المقصود بالمـنكر، وأنواعه، وحكمه عـند العلماء المتخصصين مـن المتقدمين في علم الحديث. وقد استخدمت الباحثة المـنهج الاستقرائي والمـنهج التحليلي. وقد وصلت الباحثة إلى مجموعة مـن النتائج أبرزها: أن المراد بالمـنكر عـند الإمام البغوي هو: الذي يتفرد به المتروك أو مـن اشتد ضعفه، حيث قد اعتمد في حكمه بالنكـارة على مـن سبقه مـن المحدثين، كـالإمام البخاري، والإمام الترمذي، وكـل الأحاديث مورد الدراسة قد حصلت فيها النكـارة مـن جهة السند، وما يزال الباب مُشـرعاً أمام الباحثين في استكمال تحرير مصطلحات علم الدراية وتطبيقها عـند الإمام البغوي مـن خلال مصنفاته. الكـلمات المفتاحية: النكـارة، الأمام البغوي، كتاب شـرح السنة.

A Comparative Study of Leadership Self Efficacy of Public and Private Secondary School Head Teachers

The main purpose of the study was to compare the leadership self-efficacy of secondary school head teachers. ?A Comparative Study of Leadership Self-Efficacy of Public and Private Secondary School Head Teachers? was conducted in Faisalabad. The head teachers of public 464 (male 213 and female 251) and private 356 (male 108 and female 248) secondary schools constituted the population of this research study. Multistage sampling technique was used for selecting sample of this research study. The proposed sample size was 120 secondary school head teachers working in both public and private secondary schools. 120 head teachers (60 male and 60 female) were selected from each two public and private secondary schools. The list of secondary schools was taken from the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education Faisalabad official website. Researcher developed a questionnaire by keeping all the research protocols in mind. Questionnaire was developed according to the objectives of the study. It was a 5-point likert scale with 1=Strongly Disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Un-decided, 4=Agree, 5=Strongly Agree. Leadership Self-Efficacy Scale (LSES) content validity was ensured through five expert opinions and coefficient of reliability was determined through pilot testing. Cronbach-alpha coefficient reliability for the overall scale is placed to be .89 (80items). The collected data was analyzed through the use of computer software named Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Both types of statistics i.e. inferential statistics and descriptive statistics were used for analysis of data. Independent-samples t-test was used for comparison purpose. Interpretations of the data were made to draw inferences. There was no significant mean difference found in leadership self-efficacy of public secondary school head teachers (M=313.31, SD=23.81) and private secondary school head teachers (M=314.71, SD=16.08); t (-1.40) =-.37, p=.70. There was significant mean difference found in leadership self-efficacy of male secondary school head teachers (M=320.03, SD=17.73) and female secondary school head teachers (M=308.00, SD=20.95); t (12.03) =3.39, p=.00*.