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Home > Evangelicals Influence on Us Foreign Policy: Impact on Pak-Us Relations September 2001 – November 2007

Evangelicals Influence on Us Foreign Policy: Impact on Pak-Us Relations September 2001 – November 2007

Thesis Info

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Author

Khan, Minhas Majeed

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Peshawar

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Political science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2324/1/2809S.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724696772

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Evangelicals in the US have a significant influence on the US foreign policy especially after 9/11 and, hence, Evangelicals have a far reaching impact on the US relations with the outside world and particularly with Pakistan between September 2001 and November 2007 bringing visible changes in Pakistan’s political, economic and social spheres. The main point in understanding Evangelical faith is that all aspects of its influence on the US foreign policy, whether political or religious, are inter-related. Once the nature of influence in all aspects is understood, its impact on relations between Pakistan and the US would become quite clear. The study examines various factors where Evangelicals have profoundly influenced politics and the manner and extent to which political and religious leaders in the US have manipulated religion. It also explores the phenomenon of Islamophobia prevailing in the West and Evangelicals’ stance on the Islamic extremism in the Muslim world, particularly Pakistan. Pakistan, being an ally in the current situation, stands distinct in the US foreign policy. It is the only Muslim nuclear country and, hence, is seen as vulnerable to extremists’ activities and there is a fear that its nuclear weapons might fall into the hands of militants. The researcher, therefore, identifies major issues of concern for Evangelicals with regard to Pak-US relations. It also evaluates the role of Evangelical social and religious based organizations, working in Pakistan after 9/11 for the promotion of interfaith harmony or otherwise. Finally, it determines the truth regarding the US Evangelicals efforts/designs through state and non-state actors to transfer their religious values in Pakistan and analyzes whether Evangelicals have any effect, good or bad, on this relationship.
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6 بولیاں

بولیاں

 

                پنجابی لوک گیتاں دی اک قسم بولیاں اے بولیاں جمع دا صیغہ اے۔ جیہدا واحد بولی اے تے جیدے کئی معنی نیں بولی دا لفظ زبان دے معنیاں وچ ورتیاں جاندا اے بولی پنجابی شاعری دی اوس قسم نوں کہندے نیں جیہدا صرف اکو مصرعہ ہوندا اے بولی اک مصرعہ ہون پاروں ردیف قافیہ نئیں ہوندا بعض کتاباں وچ بولی نوں دو مصرعے وچ ہیٹھ اُپر لکھیا جاندا اے انج لکھن وچ ہرج تے کوئی نئیں پر ویکھن والیاں نوں بھلیکھا پیندا اے کہ بولی دو مصرعیاں نال بن دی اے بھانویں اوہناں دویاں مصرعیاں وچ ردیف قافیہ نئیں ورتیا ہوندا۔

                ذرا ساہ لین نوں روک کے پڑھن نوں پنجابی وچ ورام آکھدے نیں چھوٹے مصرعیاں وچ ورام دی لوڑ نئیں پیندی پروڈے تے لمبے مصرعیاں وچ دو، دو رام وی آجاندے نیں ایس لئی بولی دے مصرعے نوں جیہڑا لماں وی ہوندا ایں اک ورام نال پڑھدے نیں جہناں نے ایس بولی نوں دو مصرعیاں وچ بنا دتا ایں اوہناں نے ورام نوں صحیح نہیں ورتیا۔

                ایہہ مثال ویکھو۔ بولی اے:

KONSEP SETTING DAN STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN RUANG BERMAIN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS ANAK USIA DINI

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: 1) konsep setting ruang bermain yang dapat menunjang kreativitas anak; 2) penataan ruang bermain yang dapat menunjang kreativitas anak yang sesuai dengan perkembangannya; 3) pengelolaan elemen fsik ruang bermain dalam mengembangkan kreativitas anak; 4) pola seting ruang bermain (indoor) yang dilakukan di dua tempat penitipan anak (TPA) besar di Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) bersifat deskriptif kualitatif non statistik dengan menggunakan studi kasus (case study). Data diperoleh melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis tringulasi Moleong, yakni tringulasi sumber, tringulasi dengan metode, dan tringulasi dengan teori. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua tempat peneitipan anak (TPA) besar yang ada di Yogyakarta yaitu Taman Pengasuhan Anak (TPA) Beringharjo dan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Terpadu Untuk Anak Usia Dini Tiara Candra. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa: 1) konsep setting ruang bermain yang pada setiap lembaga yaitu menggunakan konsep home schooling dengan beyound centre and circle times (BCCT). 2) penataan ruang bermain dengan menggunakan sistem pembelajaran berdasarkan BCCT dan sudut ruang bermain yang disesuaikan dengan peralatan  dan sesuai dengan masa perkembangannya. 3) pengelolaan elemen fisik ruang bermain seperti pemilihan warna dan furniture disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan anak serta tidak mengandung bahan yang berbahaya. 4) pola setting ruang bermain ditata sesuai dengan konsep ruang bermain seperti yang telah diprogramkan. Kata kunci: Ruang Bermain, Anak Usia Dini, Kreativitas

Fabrication of Membranes for Separation Techniques Using Engineering Plastics

The aim of this Ph.D project was to develop and fabricate membranes for separation techniques using engineering plastics that could play a key role in membrane based water treatment processes. The prime objective was to investigate the economic and technological solution so that the desalination properties including permeation flux could be improved.The dissolution casting methodology was adopted for engineering plastic membranes via three (03) membrane systems which accounted the explicit application for desalination process.System one (01) used the novel thin film poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan (PVA/CS) based reverse osmosis membranes infused with silane crosslinked tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), prepared by dissolution casting methodology. The performance characteristics and the scope of the reverse osmosis membranes were explicated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimetery (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and reverse osmosis (RO) permeation tests which determined the functional groups and network of covalent crosslinks, thermal properties, morphology, hydrophilicity, structural investigation and RO properties, respectively. It was found that the membrane surface became smoother, more hydrophilic, with improved thermal stability, increased salt rejection and good permeation flux after the appropriate infusion of TEOS. The crosslinked membranes showed more hydrophilicity compared to the un-crosslinked PVCS membrane. The SEM micrographs of membranes revealed dense structure with no mottled surfaces. PVCS-4 showed an optimal flux of 1.84L/m2h and 80% salt rejection that confirmed the selective interaction of TEOS molecules with PVA/CS polymer backbone compared to the pristine (PVCS) membrane. The antibacterial properties of the membranes showed the inhibition of the growth of Escherichia coli successfully. In the second (02) system, cellulose acetate (CA) based thin film nanocomposite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were fabricated using dissolution casting method by optimizing the CA/polyethylene glycol (CA/PEG-400) ratios for improved RO performance. The selectivity of optimized membrane was further enhanced by incorporating TiO2 (0-25 wt.%) nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to characterize control and modified membranes for the analysis of functional groups, thermal properties, morphology and structural investigation respectively. CP-2 of CA/PEG-400 (80/20) was selected for further modification with TiO2 nanoparticles. The maximum salt 2 rejection (95.4 %) was observed for the membrane having 15 % TiO2 nanoparticles. Further escalation of TiO2 concentration resulted in the agglomeration of nanoparticles which subsequently decreased the permeation flux. The test results demonstrated that the modified membranes had higher salt rejection and chlorine resistance, lower degradation profile, successful inhibition of Escherichia coli growth and facilitating permeation flux compared to the control membrane.In system (03) the membrane separation technique has been applied for the separation of MgSO4 from sea water. In this work, a series of novel cellulose acetate membranes were prepared via blending with different concentration of HNTs and irradiated grafted with VGCNFs. The morphology and topography of the VGCNF membranes were observed using SEM and AFM respectively, which indicated the improved membrane structure, dispersity and surface roughness in the polymer matrix. The experimental data demonstrated that VGCNF grafted membranes has improved permeation flux 48 L/m2.h and MgSO4 salt rejection 98.6% compared to the control membrane. More importantly the thermal stability by TGA revealed that VGCNF4 showed enhanced stability compared to the control membrane. As a result, this study could provide a great potential for the removal of salts from sea water.