ٹنڈے کباب(طنزومزاح)
ڈاکٹر عبدالرافع
عہد حاضر کے جواں سال طنزو مزاح نگار ،بچوں کے شاعر ڈاکٹر محبوب حسن اپنی تخلیقی جدت کاری و بنت کاری اور ذہنی اختراع کے لیے خاصا مشہور ہیں۔ انھیں پرورش لوح و قلم سے ذہنی مناسبت اور قلبی لگاؤہے۔ تخلیقی ادب بالخصوص میدانِ طنزومزاح کے شہسوار ہیں۔ طنزومزاح کے علاوہ انھیں ادب اطفال اور تحقیق و تنقید سے بھی خاص شغف ہے ،لیکن ان کی بنیادی شناخت ایک طنزومزاح نگار کی حیثیت سے ہے۔ادب اطفال کے حوالے سے ان کی کتاب ‘‘تتلی رانی’’شائع ہو کر قارئین ، مداحین اور ناقدین سے داد و تحسین حاصل کر چکی ہے۔ ‘‘عصمت چغتائی و جین آسٹین’’اور‘‘نکات فکشن’’ جیسی قابل قدر کتابیں موصوف کی تحقیقی و تنقیدی جدت پسندی کی نشاندہی کرتی ہیں۔‘‘عصمت چغتائی و جین آسٹین’’میں مشرق و مغرب کے دو معروف خواتین تخلیق کاروں کی ناول نگاری کا تقابلی مطالعہ پیش کیا گیا ہے جبکہ ‘‘نکات فکشن’’ ان کے تحقیقی و تنقیدی مضامین کا مجموعہ ہے۔طنزیہ و مزاحیہ مضامین پر مشتمل پیش نظر کتاب ‘‘ٹنڈے کباب ’’ ان کی تازہ ترین تخلیقی کاوش ہے۔
ڈاکٹر محبوب حسن کا تخلیقی کارنامہ ‘‘ٹنڈے کباب ’’ طنزومزاح کے میدان میں ایک خوش گوار اضافے کی حیثیت رکھتا ہے۔اپنی پیہم تخلیقی سرگرمیوں کے باعث انہوں نے کم عرصے میں ہی ادب کے ایک وسیع حلقے کو اپنا گرویدہ بنا لیا ہے۔موصوف عام گفتگو میں بھی طنزومزاح کا کوئی نہ کوئی پہلو تلاش کر لیتے ہیں۔ ‘‘ٹنڈے کباب’’اعدادوشمار کے اعتبار سے کل تیرہ مضامین پر مشتمل ہے۔یہ مضامین شگوفہ،کتاب نما،ذہن جدید،ایوان اردو،نیا دور،کسوٹی جدید ، خبرنامہ،انقلاب،کشمیر عظمی ،متاع آخرت،اردو نیٹ جاپان،راشٹریہ سہارا،انڈین اکسپریس جیسے مؤقر ادبی رسائل وروزناموں میں اشاعت ہو کر مقبول خٓص و عام ہو چکے ہیں۔ ان مضامین میں نہ توفلسفیانہ باتیں مذکور ہیں اور نہ ہی کسی اندیکھی دنیاکی داستان پیش کی گئی ہے بلکہ...
Moral values are seen as the basis of human civilization. Absence of moral values and responsibilities results in the justification of every evil in the society, as it is the case being observed in the present-day societies in many parts of the world. A nation, whose collective morals are high, is capable to lead other nations, irrespective of caste, creed and religious affiliations. If a nation, Muslim or non-Muslim, ignores the high moral values, it cannot avoid its decadence and destruction. Due to this utmost importance of morality for humanity, Islām regards morality as one of the integral parts of the Divine Revelation. Islām aims to create a sense of moral responsibility in its adherents, so that, they may show a complete picture of an ideal society, and enjoy their freedom to carry out the best possible moral deeds. The author of this paper, chose to study the present moral crisis in the Pakistani society and tried to determine the causes, which has brought about this moral crisis and also presents its cure in the light of the Qur’ān and Sunnah. The study focuses on the following aspects: Definitions of moral values & society, Prevalent social evils in our society, Causes of crimes and social evils, Remedies to root out unethical practices and evils from the society, Conclusion and recommendations.
Traditional uses of plants have been found since the time of antiquity. Their medicinal use has got attention of modern day researchers due to easy availability, less cost and negligible side effects.Sustained hyperglycemia causing diabetes and its complication is implicated by free radicals and AGEs leading to oxidative stress, damages different cell components. In the present study desert plants of Cholistan were selected including Boerhavia repens, Cleome brachycarpa vahl.ex.DC, Cymbopogon jawarancusa, Dipterygium glaucum, Prosopis cineraria and Fagonia indica as these were found to be unexplored. Preliminary phytochemical screening exhibited strong presence of saponins, steroids and alkaloids except C. brachycarpa vahl.ex.DC. P. cineraria and C. jawarancusa showed considerable presence of flavonoids which was further confirmed by quantitative analysis of plants for crude flavonoids contents. Saponins were found to be maximum for F. indica and alkaloids in C. jawarancusa. Extract yield (%) was found to be maximum for D. glaucum aqueous extract and P. cineraria methanolic extract. Highest amount of total phenolics were found in F. indica aqueous extract and P. cineraria methanolic extract. When antioxidant activities were determined by reducing power assay, maximum activity was shown by aqueous extract of P. cineraria and F. indica methanolic extract expressed as mmol of AAE/g dw of extract. Aqueous and methanolic extract were analyzed for inhibition of lipid peroxidation in linoleic acid system and maximum activity was shown by F. indica aqueous as well as methanolic extractat maximum concentration. EC50 was calculated and aqueous extract of C. jawarancusa was most effective while methanolic extract of F. indica was found to be more potent antioxidant. Significant inhibition of free radical scavenging by DPPH method was exhibited for all plant extract with maximum value for F. indica aqueous extract and minimum by B. repens .Whereas methanolic extract of P. cineraria exerted maximum inhibition and it was also found to be most effective when EC50 was calculated. All these methods were performed to have a comprehensive over view of plants antioxidant activities. Rate of glycation was found to be increasing with increasing temperature. Glycation level quantification by TBA method and all tested plants were reported for maximum glycation level at first week of incubation. P. cineraria methanolic extract was noted for maximum inhibition of glycation and D. glaucum for minimum response at 37°C. At 50°C P. cineraria and F. indica were reported for minimum glycation level at 2nd week of incubation. Appreciable inhibition was observed by P. cineraria, C. jawarancusa and C. brachycarpa vahl ex DC at third week of incubation and minimum glycation inhibition was exerted by F. indica. All plants were found to be considerable antioxidant and antiglycation agent but P. cineraria and F. indica conferred highest antioxidant and antiglycation activities. The potential for these activities may be explained in term of high total phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and rich saponins of F. indica attributing towards medicinal properties.