Introduction: In Pakistan, male involvement in reproductive health started long before the concept of a holistic approach emerged from ICPD in 1994. Men are far behind the knowledge about contraceptives, authority of decisions making, religiosity, exposure of media, health attitude, physical cost, Knowledge of HIV/STDs, drugs and family planning services. These circumstances have damaging-effect on men''s reproductive health as well. The poor reproductive health of men in the entire Pakistan has been reported in many studies. The different national and international agencies have shown a great concern on this alarming situation of men''s deteriorating reproductive health status. They have recommended to investigate the men reproductive health status in relation to different aspects. In this context the main objectives of this study is to identify and analyze different types of socio-cultural characteristics, affect the attitudes, lack of awareness of respondents toward reproductive health behaviour were examioned in Punjab-Pakistan. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in 3-districts of Punjab province. One tehsils from each district selected randomly and sample of 272 men from Tehsil-1 i.e. Rawalpindi, 197 from Tehsil-2 i.e. Bahawalpur and 131 from Tehsil-3 i.e. Toba Tek Singh. From each Tehsil equal no. of respondents was selected from rural and urban areas by random sampling technique to explore the research objectives. In this way the total sample size will be 600. 300 from rural and 300 from urban areas. A well-structured questionnaire consisting of open ended and close ended questions has been prepared in the light of research objectives. Pre-testing was also in the study plan to examine the work-ability of questionnaire and to know the sensitive issues which can be tackled intelligently. Results: Bi-variate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the relationship between different terms MRHB. The results regarding age, age at marriage, duration of marriage, communication with wife, fertility preference, discussion about reproductive health problems, general health status, Knowledge about Contraceptive, Contraceptive use behaviour, knowledge about HIV/STDs of the respondents and their reproductive health behaviour were having there strong relationship and communication of affairs with wife having no relation and in multivariate analysis were used to build model and respondents age at marriage, duration of marriage, education, income, communication with wives, drugs using were highly significant and age of the respondent, communication of affairs, ideal number of children in a family were non-significant with MRHB.. The value of adjusting R 2 is 0.660 and it indicates that about 66% variation in the dependent variable is explained by knowledge about contraceptive and use of contraceptive, communication with wives, drug use, reproductive health problems, general health, knowledge about HIV, Media exposure. Recommendations: Based on the research findings it is suggested that a general acceptance of contraceptive use, men along with women should be include in the target group as most of the decisions regarding family planning and contraception necessitate prior approval of male partners. Men shall be educate to give women all due rights especially their reproductive rights and involve them in reproductive and contraceptive decision making. Awareness should be created amongst male to give their women freedom of expression and let them join paid jobs, thereby making the family economically prosperous. Perceptions of the respondents were clear about family planning, awareness should be created against religious misconceptions and make it more convenient for the illiterates in the form of a packages deal. It would be more appropriate to tackle family planning campaign in the light of baby care and mother health along with strongly advocating improvement of economic conditions of the family. All income groups should be convinced to use contraceptives as an effective tool for family planning, more stress should be given on low and medium income groups, discourage the preferential gender treatment and involved their wives in all family matters. Primary health center (PHC) programs must be geared to meet men’s needs. Communication between spouses about RH should be developed through awareness. PHC service providers are mostly female, males should be inducted.
سرسید احمد خاں نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم معزز صد رو میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو! آج مجھے جس موضوع پر لب کشائی کرنی ہے وہ ہے :’’سر سید احمد خاں ‘‘ ہزاروں سال نرگس اپنی بے نوری پہ روتی ہے بڑی مشکل سے ہوتا ہے چمن میں دیدہ ور پیدا صدرذی وقار! بچوں کی پیدائش ایک فطرتی امر ہے، بچہ کبھی دولت مند اور صاحبِ ثروت کے گھر میں پیدا ہوتا ہے کبھی بچہ مفلوک الحال کے بغیر چھت کے گھر میں ٹوٹی ہوئی چار پائی پرجنم لیتا ہے ،کبھی بچہ دنیا کی ہوا لیتے ہی خلعتِ فاخرہ زیب تن کر دی جاتی ہے اور کبھی بچے سردی کی یخ بستہ رات میں چیتھڑوں میں ماں کے پہلو سے لپٹا رہتا ہے۔ یوں پیدائش کا سلسلہ جاری رہتا ہے اور شب وروز گزرتے رہتے ہیں۔ صدرِ محترم! ملت اسلامیہ کو آج پہلے سے بھی زیادہ خطرات ہیں، فرعون صفت باطل قوتیں اپنے بھیانک عزائم لیے ،ظلم و ستم، جبر و تشدد، درندگی و سفاکی کی نئی تاریخ رقم کر رہی ہیں۔ طاغوتی طاقتیں مسلمانوں کے وسائل ہڑپ کررہی ہیں۔ ذہن خریدے جارہے ہیں، نصابِ تعلیم بدلے جارہے ہیں، اسلام دشمن قوتیں اس اُمت کو صفحہ ہستی سے مٹانے کے لیے جمع ہو چکی ہیں۔ یہ الفاظ 1830ء سے لے کر 1860ء تک کسی ادیب کے ضمر کی عکاسی کر رہے ہیں۔ جنابِ صدر! ان حالات میں ایک ایسی عظیم ہستی کا انتظار تھا اور ایک عظیم شخصیت کی ضرورت تھی جو ملت کے مرضِ کہن سے بخوبی واقف ہو اور اس کے علاج پر بخوبی دسترس رکھتی ہو، اللہ تعالیٰ نے ہماری اس خواہش کو پورا فرمایا اور سرسید احمد خاں کی شکل میں ہمیں ایک آسمانِ علم وحکمت کا درخشاں آفتاب اور...
This research explores the dynamic interaction between social media and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, revealing a complex culture war unfolding in the digital landscape. The study examines how social media platforms have become arenas of competition, where traditional Islamic values collide with the global influence of digital communication. By examining the ways in which social media have shaped and reflected Pakistani cultural identity, the research examines the tension between modernity and conservatism, as well as challenges to established social norms. Additionally, it analyzes the role of social media in promoting communication, political discourse, and diverse voices in the context of Pakistan's cultural landscape. By shedding light on this culture war, this research contributes to understanding the complex relationship between social media and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
Keywords: Social media, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Clash of Civilizations, digital communication, Islamic Culture.
Purpose: This study provides a theoretical framework that explores the personality traits that influence new product adoption in rural environment. Five personality traits form part of the framework, namely; consumer innovativeness, dogmatism, social character (inner and other directed), and need for uniqueness. This study will pave a way in understanding the potential behavior of consumers toward adoption of a newly introduced product in a given environment. Following the conceptualization of NPA, a conceptual model was proposed which represents five hypotheses: two hypotheses were supported and three hypotheses were not supported. Methodology: The data was collected from selected (rural) areas of upper Sindh province of Pakistan using convenient sampling procedure; there were 430 respondents in the sample. Five-point Likert scale was adapted for the study, and a pilot test was used to confirm the validity of the scales and the correctness of the datagathering procedure. Following the data gathering and coding, validity and reliability tests were carried out on the entire sample. Keeping in view various constructs of conceptual model, the proposed hypotheses were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (AMOS v.20) to test the impact of the constructs on NPA. Findings and contribution of research: The evidence related to the model suggests that consumer innovativeness and need for uniqueness are the dominant factors (traits) in adopting a new product whereas social character (ID /OD), and dogmatism have no significant impact on new product adoption behavior, it suggests that consumer innovativeness and need for uniqueness traits of consumer personality are dominant factors in adopting a new fashion and clothing product in rural market. Research Limitations: First; the results of this study may not be appropriate for generalizing across the majority of Pakistani consumers, and in a global context. Second; the study is focusing only on fashion and clothing product category; third, only selected personality traits are examined in the study. Implications: By examining the potential behavior of rural consumers, the study facilitates the possibility of consumer behavior research that, in new product adoption decision consumer personality (traits) should have a significant contribution, thus providing a better understanding of influence of their personality traits on new product adoption.