لیاقت علی خان
محرم کا مہینہ ہر سال مسلمانوں کے لئے پیام غم بھی لاتا ہے، اور حیات نو کی بشارت بھی، اس سال ایک نیا کوہِ الم اپنے ساتھ لایا، اور اسی مہینہ کی ۱۴؍ تاریخ کو کسی شقی نے لیاقت علی خان وزیراعظم پاکستان کی شمع حیات گل کردی ان کی شہادت تنہا پاکستان کا نہیں دنیائے اسلام کا نہایت درد انگیز سانحہ ہے۔ بدبخت قاتل نے ایک شخص کو نہیں مارا، بلکہ ملک و ملت کے ایک مضبوط ستون کو ڈھا کر اس کی پوری عمارت کو کمزور کرنے کی کوشش کی، اور ایک پوری قوم کو ماتم گسار بنادیا۔
لیاقت علی خان کی موت نے پاکستان کو ایک ایسے مدبر اور معمار قوم سے محروم کردیا، جس کا بدل بظاہر مدتوں ملنے کی امید نہیں، وہ غیر معمولی صلاحیتوں کے مالک بڑے مدبر، ہوشمند، یورپ کی سیاست اور بین الاقوامی سیاست کے ماہر اور ٹھنڈے دل و دماغ کے انسان تھے، قائداعظم کی وفات کے بعد انھوں نے جس کامیابی کے ساتھ پاکستان کو چلایا اور چند برسوں کے اندر اس نئی مملکت کو جس درجہ پر پہنچایا وہ ان کا بڑا کارنامہ اور ان کے تدبر اور ہوشمندی کا ایسا نمایاں ثبوت ہے جس کا اعتراف ساری دنیا نے کیا، اس لحاظ سے وہ معمارِ پاکستان تھے، ان کی شہادت نے ان کا درجہ اور بلند کردیا یہ سعادت عظمیٰ ہر شخص کا حصہ نہیں۔
ہر مدعی کے واسطے دار و رسن کہاں
انھوں نے اندرونی طور سے پاکستان کو مضبوط و مستحکم بنایا، بیرونی دنیا سے تعلقات پیدا کرکے اس کی خوشی منوائی، دنیائے اسلام سے ٹوٹے ہوئے رشتہ کو جوڑا اور ان کو ایک سلسلہ میں منسلک کرنے کی کوشش کی ہندوستان اور پاکستان کے تعلقات میں جب کوئی نازک موڑ آیا، تو اپنے اعتدال، توازن اور سلامت...
This paper intends to discuss the inter-religious dialogue and the Prophet’s engagement with the ‘Other’. Both dialogue and faith-based reconciliation provide a way to mankind by which the world will become peaceful place to live. In this violence torn world, reconciliation on the basis of faith is needed, so that unity may be created out of diversity. This paper argues that interfaith dialogical theory profits from a deep understanding of moral psychology and social learning theory. The paper highlights that reconciliation belongs to Abrahamic legacy, and also focuses on how Islam established and come up with advanced civilizations characterized by relatively harmonious co-existence between Muslims, Christians and Jews. It is through reconciliation that we regain our humanity. To work for reconciliation is to live and to show others what their humanity is. The paper also shed light on faith-based reconciliation in its Islamic perspective. It is this context the present paper has been drafted.
Influence of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and guar gum based silver nanoparticles containing coatings was studied on the postharvest storage stability of kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata cv. Blanco) stored at 4 oC and 10 oC (85-95% relative humidity) for a period of 120 days. Physicochemical qualities, microbiological evaluations, quantities of three major aroma compounds (limonene, linalool, γ-terpinene) and sensory attributes were monitored after every 15 days of storage. Microbiological quality was assessed by monitoring the principal spoilage microbes (yeast and moulds, psychrotrophic bacteria, E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus). Sensory evaluation was carried out using 9 point hedonic scale by a panel of 25 experienced penalists for peel colour, flesh colour, juice colour, fruit texture, fruit taste, fruit flavour and overall acceptability. Overall, the results revealed an increase in peel pitting, total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, pH and weight loss in the fruits, but this increase was comparatively less significant in coated fruits stored at 4 oC. Ascorbic acid, total phenolics and antioxidant activity were significantly enhanced in coated fruits stored at 4 oC. Titratable acidity was significantly decreased during storage except for coated kinnow stored at 4 oC. In control samples stored at 10 oC, a high intensity of fruit rotting and no chilling injury was observed. Total aerobic psychrotrophic bacteria, and yeast and moulds were noticed in all treatments during storage, but the growth was not significant in coated fruits at 4 oC. Staphylococcus aureus was not noticed in coated fruits stored at 4 oC, while E. coli and Salmonella were not found in any treatment during storage. Limonene, linalool and γ-terpinene concentrations were significantly reduced during storage in uncoated, and those kinnows coated and stored at 10 oC. However, the storage did not alter the qualitative aroma profile of kinnow. Hedonic scores of sensory evaluation panel appeared to correlate well with the aroma profile and manifested the GC-MS results. Based on the present study, the quality of kinnow fruit can be kept good for 4 months, when stored at 4 oC and for 2 months at 10 oC.