موضوع 6:فیض احمد فیض کی نظم " ہم دیکھیں گے " کا تنقیدی جا ئزہ
ہم دیکھیں گے لازم ہے کہ ہم بھی دیکھیں گے
وہ دن کہ جس کا وعدہ ہے جو لوحِ ازل میں لکھا ہے
جب ظلم و ستم کے کوہ گراں روئی کی طرح اڑ جائیں گے
ہم محکوموں کے پاؤں تلے یہ دھرتی دھڑدھڑدھڑکے گی
اور اہلِ حکم کے سر اوپر جب بجلی کڑ کڑ کڑکے گی
جب ارضِ خدا کے کعبے سے سب بت اٹھوائے جائیں گے
ہم اہلِ صفا، مردودِ حر مسند پہ بٹھائے جائیں گے
سب تاج اچھالے جائیں گے سب تخت گرائے جائیں گے
بس نام رہے گا اللہ کا جو غائب بھی ہے حاضر بھی
جو منظر بھی ہے ناظر بھی اٹھے گا انا الحق کا نعرہ
جو میں بھی ہوں اور تم بھی ہو اور راج کرے گی خلقِ خدا
جو میں بھی ہوں اور تم بھی ہو
تنقیدی جائزہ
نظم کے عنوان کا پس منظر
"ہم دیکھیں گے" فیض احمد فیض کی ایک انتہائی مشہور و مقبول نظم ہے جس کا اصل عنوان "ویبقیٰ وجہ ربک" تھا۔ فیض کی یہ اکیس سطری نظم ان کے ساتویں شعری مجموعہ "میرے دل میرے مسافر" میں شامل ہے۔ فیض نے اس نظم کو پاکستانی آمر جنرل ضیاء الحق کے عہد حکومت کے استبداد کے خلاف احتجاجاً لکھا تھا لیکن جب مشہور مغنیہ اقبال بانو نے 13 فروری 1986ء کو الحمرا آرٹس کونسل کے ایک اجلاس میں سیاہ لباس پہن کر اسے پڑھا تو یہ نظم احتجاج و انقلاب کا استعارہ بن گئی اور ترقی پسندوں اور بائیں بازوکے افراد کی زبانوں پر مزاحمتی گیت کی شکل میں جاری ہو گئی۔اقبال بانو نے اس نظم کو ایسے وقت میں گایا تھا جب فیض کی شاعری پر پابندی عائد تھی اور سامعین میں اس قدر جوش امڈ آیا تھا کہ...
The value of Shari’ah Maxims is realized all over the world. These maxims keep a superlative significance over all legal maxims as their sources are based on Qur’ān and Sunnah that is the real source of islamic law. Shari’ah Maxims such a important subject of islamic law that simplifies the interpretation of shari’ah. If the Shari’ah Maxims are inculcated and conceived properly then there is no need to burn midnight oil in learning the large number of sub-titles of Shari’ah. The fiqh defines the Shari’ah Maxims as the principles organized. This article explores the Four important Shari’ah Maxims relating to peace and ethics of a muslim state towards its non-muslim residants. It includes the meanings, arguments and real life examples about these maxims. These maxims are: (الذمی من اھل دارنا کالمسلم)Zimmies are considered equalent to the muslims of state.(الامر بیننا وبین الکفار مبنی علی المجازاۃ)The relations between muslims and non-muslims countries are based on equality.(ان حرمۃ قتل المستامن من حق اللہ تعالی)Those who have the entry into the muslim state with permit and peaceful intention, must be protected and neither be killed nor be harmed.(عبارۃ الرسول کعبارۃ المرسل)Any ambassador of the state will be considered the real representative of the sender who can completely deal all the things on behalf of his sender. Today it’s the dire need of the time to implement these Shari’ah Maxims generaly for the humanity and especially for Muslims Countries to solve the critical issues, because today the world needs peace the most as it was needed never before.
Influence of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and guar gum based silver nanoparticles containing coatings was studied on the postharvest storage stability of kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata cv. Blanco) stored at 4 oC and 10 oC (85-95% relative humidity) for a period of 120 days. Physicochemical qualities, microbiological evaluations, quantities of three major aroma compounds (limonene, linalool, γ-terpinene) and sensory attributes were monitored after every 15 days of storage. Microbiological quality was assessed by monitoring the principal spoilage microbes (yeast and moulds, psychrotrophic bacteria, E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus). Sensory evaluation was carried out using 9 point hedonic scale by a panel of 25 experienced penalists for peel colour, flesh colour, juice colour, fruit texture, fruit taste, fruit flavour and overall acceptability. Overall, the results revealed an increase in peel pitting, total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, pH and weight loss in the fruits, but this increase was comparatively less significant in coated fruits stored at 4 oC. Ascorbic acid, total phenolics and antioxidant activity were significantly enhanced in coated fruits stored at 4 oC. Titratable acidity was significantly decreased during storage except for coated kinnow stored at 4 oC. In control samples stored at 10 oC, a high intensity of fruit rotting and no chilling injury was observed. Total aerobic psychrotrophic bacteria, and yeast and moulds were noticed in all treatments during storage, but the growth was not significant in coated fruits at 4 oC. Staphylococcus aureus was not noticed in coated fruits stored at 4 oC, while E. coli and Salmonella were not found in any treatment during storage. Limonene, linalool and γ-terpinene concentrations were significantly reduced during storage in uncoated, and those kinnows coated and stored at 10 oC. However, the storage did not alter the qualitative aroma profile of kinnow. Hedonic scores of sensory evaluation panel appeared to correlate well with the aroma profile and manifested the GC-MS results. Based on the present study, the quality of kinnow fruit can be kept good for 4 months, when stored at 4 oC and for 2 months at 10 oC.