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International Trade, Human Capital, and Economic Growth: A Cross Country Analysis

Thesis Info

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Author

Haq, Mirajul

Program

PhD

Institute

Pakistan Institute of Development Economics

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2012

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Labor economics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/1102

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724812368

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This study is designed to test the hypothesis “international trade contributes to economic growth through its effects on human capital accumulation and technological diffusion.” To assess the hypothesis empirically we employed the Neo-Classical growth model. The model also reflects some features of the endogenous growth models. We thus ended up with a model in which the change in human capital is sensitive to change in trade policies. Unlike conventional approaches, the model serves to assess and determine the accumulation effects of international trade on human capital and imported capital. The extent to which a country can benefit from international trade is also believed to be sensitive to the country’s capacity to absorb international knowledge and technology in its production process. To evaluate the role of the absorption capacity, domestic R&D capital stock has been incorporated into the model. The empirical analysis estimates growth equations by using a panel data approach for a set of 23 developing countries, over the period 1970-2008. The countries considered for the study have been split into four groups. The trade variables exhibit relatively stronger growth elasticities in more open economies (East Asia, and Latin America) compared to less open economies (South Asia, and Africa). However, the overall evidence substantiates the fact that international trade enhances the accumulation of human capital and contributes to economic growth positively through technology diffusion. No convincing evidence, however, has been found in favor of the income convergence in any group of countries.
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خان الخلیلی بازار

خان الخلیلی بازار

مسجد حسین کے باہر دالان میں بڑی تعداد میں ریستوران موجود ہیں جہاں کھلی فضا میں سیکڑوں میز اور کرسیاں لگیں تھی ۔چند مصری نوجوان گٹار بجا رہے تھے باقی لوگ محظوظ ہو رہے تھے۔نماز کے وقت موسیقی بند تھی ۔دکتور محمود نے کہا یہ ذہنی ہم آہنگی مصری قوم کا خاصہ ہے وہ ایک دوسرے کو بہ زور نہیں روکتے ۔مذہب اور محبت ہم مصریوں کی گھٹی میں ہے مگر ہم اس کے ذریعے ایک دوسرے کوجنت یا جہنم رسید نہیں کرتے ۔ہم جیو اور جینے دو کے اصولوں پر زندگی گزارتے ہیں ۔محمود کی گفتگو میرے دل میں ترازو ہو رہی تھی ۔میری فکر جیو اور جینے دو کے آفاقی اصول کو پاکستانی معاشرے میں ٹٹول رہی تھی ،مگر میری یہ تلاش بے سود تھی ۔مذہبی دھڑے بندیوں ،قوم پرستی ،لسانی تفاوت ،علاقائی بغض اوپر سے حکمران طبقے کی اس ملک اور عوام کے ساتھ چیرہ دستیوں نے پاکستانی معاشرے سے ان دونوں اصولوں کو ناپید کر دیا ہے ۔ مسافر اس سماجی اور مذہبی تخریب پر اپنی سوچوں میں غلطاں تھا جو نائن الیون کے بعد پاکستانی سماج میں انتہا کو پہنچی کہ اس دوران چہل قدمی کرتے کرتے ہم مسجد حسین سے اچھا خاصا فاصلہ طے کر چکے تھے اچانک دکتور محمود نے کہا کہ ہم خان الخلیلی بازار میں کھڑے ہیں ۔فکری پرواز سے زمینی حقائق کی طرف پلٹے تو اپنے آپ کو ایک تنگ مگر مصروف بازار میں پایا ۔چودھویں صدی کے اواخر میں ترک عثمانی دور میں بننے والے اس بازار کا پرانا نام ’’ترکی بازار تھا ‘‘جو بعد میں خان الخلیل کے نام سے مشہور ہوگیا ۔مجھے اس بازار میں لاہور کی انار کلی اور بنکاک کی نانا سٹریٹ کی شبیہ نظر آئی جہاں ہجوم کی حالت یہ تھی کہ ’’نظر چرا کے...

الأسس والقرائن المنهجية الحديثية لتحقق العلم بالخبر: دراسة استقرائية في مصادر المصطلح وأقوال النقّاد

        The research methodology represents a scientific feature that highlights its manifestations and its fruits according to the nature and results of the methodology; this shows the intellectual contribution and impact on the advancement of human civilization in the scientific field.  The methodology of Muhaddithin provided an innovative and practical approach about the certainty of narations which they had devised and applied.           The question is: what is the way to document the narrations? To answer this question needs to refer to the books of sciences of Hadith, and when looking at these books shows that they are addressing this issue under different topics.           But the knowledge of narrations in terms of the factors pertaining to certainty is not covered in special sub title, but there are hints scattered in different places in the books of sciences of Hadith. There is still a need to address the issue comprehensively in all aspects relating the factors of certainty, Hence the goal of the research from the next two points 1- Exploration the foundations and factors pertaining to the certainty about the narrations. 2- Highlight the methodological innovation according to Muhaddithin in this regard. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of Methodological Bases and warranting Circumstances for Sunnah Authentication.

دیوان نور احمد چشتی

Editing of Deevan-e-Chishti and a comprehensive research on his Deevan has a purpose that is attainment of M.Phil Degree. The work, being a very significant discipline, is to pass on the true spirit with its all realistic approaches to the next generation. Molvi Noor Ahmed Chishti belonged to Punjab. His era was important regarding Urdu Poetry. It was the time when Urdu Poetry had established a strong tradition in Delhi and Lukhno. But, in Punjab, Urdu Poetry was bereft of true patronage because the then non-muslim regime was partial to other languages. In those circumstances, the father of Moulvi Noor Ahmed Chishti. Moulvi Ahmed Bukhsh Chishti Yakdil had been striving for the establishment of a society where Muslims, important branches of knowledge like history, comprehension of Din and literature could get their esteem and status. Yakdiln was successful enough in winning a keen interest of his students towards Urdu and Persian Poetry and prose. He successfully produced such a devoted group of his students who made Punjab, Delhi, and Lukhno important places for the nourishment of Urdu prose and poetry. Moulvi Noor Ahmed Chishti, Amarnath Akbari, Facieer Noor-ul-Din Munnawar, Anwar Hussain Huma and Ghulam Hussain Khurrum are some prominent names in this regard. Literary circles of Delhi felt deeply indebted for their contribution. The last Mughal Emperor Bahadar Shah Zafar conferred Moulvi Ahmed Bukhsh with the title of ' Fakhar-ul-Shu'ara' and he was awarded with seven-pieces `Khila'at'. Moulvi Noor Ahmed's prose work, research and Yaadgar-e-Chishti are his valuable contributions. His poetic work has been edited in the light of his unpublished manuscripts. This editing and research work will be an addition to the literary history of Punjab. I hope it will enhance the value of Urdu literature of Punjab.