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Home > Nutritional Potentials of Moringa Oleifera As Avian Feed

Nutritional Potentials of Moringa Oleifera As Avian Feed

Thesis Info

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Author

Farooq, Muhammad

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Forestry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9634/1/Muhammad_Farooq_Forestry_2016_UAF_09.11.2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724886537

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The feasibility of using Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) as an ingredient in basic diets fed to commercial egg laying and meat purpose strains had been investigated. Different experiments with successive increase of MOLM in feed were conducted to evaluate the potentials of this diet on selected birds. Adequate group of meat purpose and laying birds were assigned to five dietary treatments and the diets were comprised of various MOLM combinations. Diet 1 (T1), which was designated to serve as the control diet and contained basic meal as the main feed source with no MOLM. In addition to other ingredients, Diet-2 designated as T2; Diet-3 as T3; Diet-4 as T4 and Diet-5 as T5 contained MOLM at the rate of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. For data collection, different growth enhancement and egg laying parameters were studied. In each pen, 20-25% more feed by weight was provided to cover the dietary losses during feed intake. Data were collected on daily and weekly basis and analyzed by using CRD statistical design. In all experiments, birds in T2 (5% MOLM) and T3 (10% MOLM) fed on Moringa based diet performed significantly (P < 0.05) better than the birds of the control T1 group in terms of higher feed intake. This result also suggests that the addition of MOLM at levels up to 10% does not negatively affect the feed intake. In egg laying birds, laying percentage significantly increased in birds fed on 5% (T1) and 10% (T2) MOLM. The layer birds in T2 and T3 also excelled (P<0.05) in terms of egg mass production, albumen proportion, Roche colour fan score, egg shape index and egg shell percentage as compared to control treatment while birds in T4 and T5 fed on 15 and 20% MOLM diets performed significantly better in terms of shell thickness and Roche colour fan band number and got higher numerical mean values of yolk index percentage among all treatments. The FCR values of layer birds in T2 and T3 for egg production were significantly better than control which was a desirable trait that’s why egg laying birds grouped under T2 and T3 performed economically and significantly better and generated more profit than all other treatment groups. Data regarded to haematological indices of layer birds showed that there was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in mean values of Eosinophils, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Blood glucose, Serum albumen and Serum globulin ratios while addition of MOLM in diets of layer birds significantly (P<0.05) effected mean values of RBC, WBC, Haemoglobin, Total protein, A/G ratio, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDLC, LDLC and VLDL concentrations. In case of broiler birds there was no statistical difference in mean values of Eosinophils, Lymphocyte and Monocyte Blood glucose, Total protein, Serum albumen, Serum globulin and A/G ratio while addition of MOLM in diets of layer birds significantly affected mean values of RBC, WBC, Haemoglobin, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDLC and LDLC. In other experiments performed on meat purpose bird it was found that the birds in T2 and T3 treatment group recorded the highest final body weights followed by other treatments. The FCR values of meat purpose birds (broiler and quail) were significantly better in T2 and T3. Addition of MOLM in diets of birds significantly reduced per Kg feed cost and increased (P<0.05) net profit. There was non-significant effect of MOLM inclusion in diets birds on CP, CF and ME of diets in all experiment but the values of crude protein, crude fat and moisture contents (%) in thigh meat were significantly affected by addition of MOLM in diets of layer and broiler birds. It was concluded that MOLM should be incorporated in diets of egg laying and meat purpose avian strains up to 5-10% for accelerating egg and meat production and for generating more profit from flocks. There are not any ill effects of MOLM at any inclusion level, higher levels only reduces performance of chicken birds in terms of growth parameters.
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اردو کے اہم مدونین (امتیاز علی عرشی)

اردو کے اہم مدونین (امتیاز علی عرشی)
امتیاز علی خان عرشی کا امتیاز یہ ہے کہ انہوں نے اردو ادب کو تحقیق کے آداب و رموز سے آشنا کیا۔ تحشیہ و تدوین کا معیار قائم کیا اور اپنی تحقیقی کاوشوں سے ادب کو بیش بہا تصانیف سے روشناس کروایا۔ان کی تدوین، تحقیق کے تازہ واردان کی رہبری اور رہنمائی کرتی اور انہیں اس فن کے اصولوں سے آگاہ کرتی ہے۔بہت سی کتابوں کو عرشی نے نئی زندگی عطا کی اور اردو تدوین کو اعتبار بخشا۔امتیاز علی عرشی ۸ دسمبر۱۹۰۴ء کو رام پور میں پیدا ہوئے۔ملازمت کی بھی تو علم و ادب سے وابستہ رہے۔ فروری ۱۹۸۱ء میں رام پور میں انتقال کیا۔آپ کی اہم تصنیف مندرجہ ذیل ہیں:
• مکاتیب غالب • نظام نامہ
• ترجمہ مجالس رنگین • انتخاب غالب
• نادرات شاہی از شاہ عالم • سلک گوہر از انشاء
• کہانی رانی کیتکی کی از انشاء
دیوان غالب:
تحقیق میں امتیاز علی عرشی کا خاص کارنامہ ان کی قابل قدر تدوین و ترتیب ہے۔ اختلافات نسخ، جعلی نسخوں ، تصحیح متن، حوالوں کی جانچ پڑتال اور تحقیقی مواد کی فراہمی کا ان میں ایک خاص سلیقہ موجود ہے۔ غالبیات کے ماہر کی حیثیت سے ان کے تحقیقی اور علمی کارنامے ناقابل فراموش ہیں۔غالبیات کے ماہر ہونے کے علاوہ امتیاز علی عرشی نے دوسرے موضوعات پر بھی قلم اٹھایا ہے۔ غالب کے علاوہ عرشی نے انشاء اور سعادت یار خان رنگین کے کلام اور ان کے ادبی اکتباسات سے بھی دل چسپی لی ہے۔عرشی کے علم کا دائرہ بہت وسیع تھا۔انہوں نے تاریخ سے بھی دل چسپی لی اور اس کے پس منظر میں ادب کی نشوونما کا جائزہ لینے کی کوشش کی ہے۔
حافظ محمود شیرانی اگر اردو تحقیق کے معلم اول ہیں تو معلم ثانی صرف اور صرف امتیاز علی خان...

مولانا شبلی نعمانی کے چند تفردات اور ضعف استدلال سیرۃ النبی کی روشنی میں ایک ناقدانہ جائزہ

Maulānā Shiblī Nu‘mānī (1914) was a great Muslim scholar of sub-continent. Shiblī was a versatile scholar in Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Urdu. He collected much material on the life of Prophet of Islam, Muhammad (ﷺ) but could write only first two volumes of the planned work the Sirat-un-Nabi(ﷺ). His disciple Syed Sulaymān Nadvī, made use of this material and added to it and also wrote remaining five volumes of the work, the Sīrat Al-Nabī(ﷺ) after the death of his mentor. Shiblī was greatly inspired by the progress of science and education in the West. He wanted to inspire the Muslims to make similar progress by having recourse to their lost heritage and culture, and warned them against getting lost in the Western culture. The writer of this article has written a preface followed by an introduction of life and work of Maulānā Nu‘mānī. The next part consists of explaining distinctive features of Shiblī’s book. Maulānā Nu‘mānī dedicated his entire life for the sake of Islam. He had a high quality awareness of the Quran and Sunnah. In his book “Sīrat Al-Nabī", he proved his uniqueness (tafarrudat) regarding various Islamic teachings. In this article I have endeavored to collect some of his uniqueness (tafarrudat) on various issues. Maulānā Nu‘mānī's uniqueness and exclusive ideas were unacceptable for many of contemporary scholars and traditional religious leadership. This article contains some of the selected religious issues in which Shiblī has differed, on the basis of arguments from Quran and Hadith, from traditional scholars. In this article I have analysed Allama's such ideas from his original writings.

Investigation of Active Site of Osrglpi. a Germin-Like Superoxide Dismuatse

Germin-like proteins are glycosylated proteins that are highly diverse in plant kingdom. Most of the germin-like proteins show superoxide dismutase activity. Superoxide dismutase converts superoxide anion into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Identification of catalytic residues is an important step for understanding the mechanism of enzyme catalyzed reactions. Previously OsRGLP1 gene and cDNA were isolated from the roots of Oryza sativa and, under CaMV35S promoter, cDNA has been heterologously expressed in tobacco. In transgenic tobacco plants, OsRGLP1 seems to show SOD activity. Present study was aimed to determine the active site of OsRGLP1. Three dimensional structure and residues involved in metal ion and substrate binding were predicted using bioinformatics tools. Three histidines and one glutamate were predicted to play an important role in metal ion binding and Asparagine to Alanine mutation was predicted to be responsible for different substrate specificity of germin and germin-like proteins. These residues were then mutated with other selected residues by site directed mutagenesis to confirm these predictions. In present study out of many designed mutants, four loss of function mutants were further studied by performing transient transformation of tobacco plants. These transgenic plants were used as source of native and mutant proteins for SOD activity assay to find the effect of mutations on SOD activity. Results of SOD assay showed approximately complete loss of activity in all mutant proteins validating the importance of these residues in SOD activity of OsRGLP1 protein. As these residues are involved in metal ion binding so present study also provide some insight into mechanism of action of OsRGLP1 indicating OsRGLP1 indicating the role of metal ion in its activity.