خلیق حسین ممتاز
خلیق حسین ممتازؔ (۱۹۳۷ئ۔پ) اصل نام ہے اور ممتازؔ تخلص کرتے ہیں۔ آپ پٹھان کوٹ ضلع گورداسپور میں پیدا ہوئے۔ ان کے والد حکیم نیا زحسین نیاز اردو اور پنجابی کے اچھے شاعر تھے۔(۸۹۳)آپ کا شعری کلام’’ابلاغ‘‘ ،’’امروز‘‘،’’آدابِ عرض‘‘،’’تجوید نو‘‘ اور ’’ادبی ایڈیشن‘‘ جنگ میں چھپتا رہا۔ آپ کا شعری مجموعہ ’’اساس فکر‘‘ ۲۰۰۵ء میں طہٰ پبلی کیشنز لاہور سے شائع ہوا۔
یہ کتاب غزلیات پر مشتمل ہے۔ ’’صحیفہ مودت‘‘ ایک شعری مجموعہ زیر طبع ہے جو حمد،نعت ،منقبت اور سلام پر مشتمل ہے۔ اس کے علاوہ کچھ اور مسودے ہیں جن کے نام ابھی زیر غور ہیں۔خلیق حسین ممتاز ایک قادر الکلام استاد شاعر ہیں۔ سیالکوٹ کے کئی شعراان کی شاگردی اختیار کیے ہوئے ہیں۔ انھیں علم عروض پر مکمل دسترس حاصل ہے۔ممتاز شاعروں کے ایسے گروہ سے تعلق رکھتے ہیں جو کائنات کی ہتھیلی پر اُبھرے ہوئے خط جمال کو مزید گہرا اور تابناک بنانے میں مصروف ہیں۔ ان کے نزدیک شاعری زندگی کو حسن عطا کرتی ہے۔ ان کی شاعری انسان میں امید پیدا کرتی ہے اور مایوسیوں کے اندھیروں سے باہر نکالتی ہے۔رجائیت ان کی شاعری میں جگہ جگہ دیکھی جا سکتی ہے۔ ان کے اشعار ابہام سے پاک ہوتے ہیں مصروں میں روانی اور چاشنی محسوس ہوتی ہے۔ وہ روایت کے ساتھ جدیدیت کے قائل ہیں۔ روایت اور جدیدیت نے ان کی سوچ کو آفاقی بنا دیا ہے۔ ان کی شاعری میں زندگی کے سبھی رنگ موجود ہیں ۔موضوعاتی نظم ان کا حصہ ہے وہ ایک مکتب فکر کی حیثیت رکھتے ہیں۔ آپ کا کلام زیادہ تر مروجہ اور بنیادی شعری اصولوں اور پیمانوں کی میزان پر پورااترنے کے ساتھ سا تھ حقیقت کے قریب تر ہے۔ آپ کے لفظوں میں سچائی نظر آتی ہے۔ کچھ اشعار ملاحظہ ہوں:
وہ جس کا رہتا ہے آنکھوں میں عکس آویزاں
Whenever any issue regarding the religious matters was put up in the presence of the Holy Prophet (SAW), he himself explained that logically. The companions of the Holy Prophet (SAW) also sought his consent in such matters. However, there were some differences among the Companions (Saḥabas) regarding some of diligently-conceived views. Later on, such differences were multiplied and caused sectarian issues. In consequence of diligently-conceived opinions and efforts to address the issues of the Holy Qu’rān and Sunnah, four distinct sects emerged. Moreover, such differences took a different form in the later years which further led to the heinous act of “Takfeer”. Currently, the mutual enmity is at a great premium especially in Pakistan. This article will introduce and analyze the selected books, trying to indicate strengths and weakness of the subject matter discussed in books, in addition to examine the methodologies used in.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most challenging health problems of the 21st century. About 422 million people have DM and by year 2035, this number is expected to reach 592 million. Pakistan with an escalating DM prevalence is expected to be among the top ten high burden diabetic countries of the world by year 2035. Today, with the global increase in the diabetic population there is a resurgence of interest in the dual epidemic of DM and tuberculosis (TB). Pakistan ranks 4th in terms of global burden of TB with an estimated incidence of 231 cases per 100,000 population. DM increases the risk of developing TB, delays sputum conversion, increases risk of failure of treatment, death, recurrence and relapse. There is scarcity of data regarding the impact of diabetes on TB treatment outcomes in Pakistan. This prospective cohort study was conducted in October 2013 at Gulab Devi Chest Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan to estimate the risk of adverse outcomes in diabetic patients who were being treated for TB. A total of 614 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients were recruited and screened for DM through random and fasting blood glucose tests; and based on the results were divided into exposed (diabetic) and unexposed (non-diabetic) groups. Both groups were followed up at 2, 5 and 6 months during anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) and 6 months after ATT completion to determine treatment outcomes. Of the total, (n= 113 (18%) were diabetic and (n= 501 (81%) non-diabetic. About half of them i.e. (n= 323 (52%) were illiterate with mean age of 32±15 years. The final multivariate analysis showed that diabetics were more likely to experience an unfavorable outcome as compared to non-diabetics (OR= 2.70, 95% CI= 1.30 to 5.59, p = 0.008), after adjusting for age, residential background, smoking status and body mass index (BMI). Other independent predictors of unfavorable outcome were identified as rural area of residence (OR= 1.98, 95% CI =1.14 to 3.47, p = 0.008), BMI less than 18.50 (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.03 to 3.47, p=0.041) and being a smoker (OR=2.03, 95%CI=1.04 to 3.94, p=0.037). Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that survival among the diabetic PTB patients was significantly lower as compared to the non-diabetic PTB patients. The final multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that diabetics had decreased survival compared to non-diabetics (aHR=2.52, 95%CI=1.02 to 6.23, p=0.045) after adjusting for age, BMI and smoking status. Other independent predictors of death as treatment outcome were found to be age (aHR=1.03, 95%CI= 1.01 to 1.06, p=0.004) and a BMI of less than 18.50 (aHR=3.26, 95%CI=1.33 to 8.01, p=0.010). Our study has documented adverse treatment outcomes among diabetic PTB patients as opposed to non-diabetic PTB patients. DM was found to be associated with unfavorable treatment outcome and a decreased survival among PTB patients. As the way forward we propose an emerging framework for the transfer of research results into policy and practice based on the systematic review undertaken by us. A comprehensive integrated program for the co-management of TB and DM needs to be initiated.