پاکستانی رقص ،ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ اور مرشد یوسفی
میں نے دکتور محمود سے کہا کہ پاکستان میں مختلف زبانوں اور رسم و رواج کے لوگ آباد ہیں ۔اس لیے وہاں ایک نہیں بلکہ کئی طرح کے رقص ملتے ہیں ۔پنجاب میں بھنگڑا ،لڈی ،سمی اور گدا وغیرہ شا مل ہیں۔ اسی طرح بلوچی چاپ ،جھومر اور لیوا رقص کرتے ہیں۔سندھی تہذیب میں دھمال اور ہو جمالو کا بہت زیادہ رواج ہے چونکہ سندھ صوفیا کی سر زمین ہے اس لیے ان کے مزاروں پر دھمال ڈالی جاتی ہے ۔جس میں وجد کی حالت میں مدھم سروں پر رقص کیا جا تا ہے ۔اس طرح پختونخواہ میں اتن خٹک اور چترالی و گلگتی رقص کو رواج ہے ۔خٹک رقص تلواروں کے ساتھ کیا جاتا ہے ۔ دکتور محمود نے کہا عرب میں بھی تلواروں کے ساتھ رقص کیا جاتا ہے ۔میں نے کہاجی بالکل میں نے سعودی شاہ سلمان کے ساتھ امریکی صدر ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ کو یہ رقص کرتے دیکھا ہے ۔اس پر دکتور محمود نے خوب قہقہہ لگایا کہنے لگے اس میں ٹرمپ وہی لگ رہے تھے جس کا ذکر آپ کے مرشد یوسفی نے لغت میں دیکھا تھا۔
میں نے دکتور محمود کو مخاطب کیا کہ آپ کو معلوم ہے پاکستان کے شمال میں کیلاش قوم آباد ہے جو بالکل منفرد تہذیب اور الگ تھلگ بود باش کے لوگ ہیں ۔ان کی خواتین خوبصورت زرق برق لباس زیب تن کیے سروں پر خوبصورت مالا پروئے ٹوپیاں پہنے ، کندھے سے کندھا ملائے ڈھول کی تھاپ کے ساتھ مدھم انداز میں ٹواینڈ فرو موشن میں رقص کرتے ہیں ، مگر حیرت کی بات یہ ہے کہ جب یہ لوگ اپنے مردے دفناتے ہیں تب اس رقص کا خوب اہتمام کیا جاتا ہے ۔اس نے حیرت سے پوچھا کہ تدفین کے وقت...
Veracity of trustworthiness of Hadith is an ongoing exercise of Islamic scholars to know whether the target hadith is safe and free from contradictions or not. It is mostly judged from its Sanad. Sometimes hadiths are ineffective. Besides this, a continuously referred hadith has also been considered as right. Conversely, a hadith is considered as impuissant (Daif) in certain conditions i.e. When it contradicts with Quran, famous Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), consensus (Ijma) of scholars of Ummah and in a particular exceptional (شاذ) case. In this article, a comparative analysis of views on irregular Hadith of Muhaddithin and Hanafi Jurists have been attempted. It discusses that how Jurists have considered and given a status to those irregular (شاذ) hadiths. And how do they differentiate those exceptional hadiths from mainstream hadiths?
This work focuses on efficient, joint time-frequency analysis of time series data. Joint time-frequency analysis is based on the sliding window. There are two major contributions of this thesis. Firstly, we haveThis work focuses on efficient, joint time-frequency analysis of time series data. Joint time-frequency analysis is based on the sliding window. There are two major contributions of this thesis. Firstly, we have introduced a notion of “aggregate spectrogram (AS)” which is a unimodal distribution at each time instant. The AS is extremely useful and computationally efficient when we are interested in a few spectral features and not the entire spectrum. Properties/characteristics of the AS have been listed. A para- metric method, based on a second order autoregressive model of the signal, for the construction of the AS, has been described. Of all the existing spectral estimation tools, the AS has the least computational complexity. Based on the AS, instan- taneous frequency estimation for multicomponent signals with equal amplitudes has been achieved. The AS does not require Goertzel filters in dual tone multi frequency detection applications. The AS finds many potential application. A few examples are voice activity detection, edge detection, motion vector estimation etc. Secondly, the problem of estimating the instantaneous frequency and band- width for multicomponent signals with time varying amplitudes has been solved by employing a new peak detection algorithm. The algorithm has been shown to outperform existing algorithms when the frequencies and amplitudes of the multi- component noisy signals are time-varying. Other contributions of the thesis include: low computational cost algorithms for the sliding discrete Fourier transform, and algorithms for its extension to spectral interpolation through zero padding and window padding. A low cost, optimized iii split-radix FFT architecture for zero-padded signals is also proposed. The Wiener-Khintchine theorem (WKT) yields better spectral estimates of Gaussian signals as compared to the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Higher order spectra find utility in case of additive colored noise or the signals are non- Gaussian. Due to high computational complexities, the WKT and higher order spectra are avoided in the sliding window based spectral analysis. We have devel- oped recursive forms of the WKT, bispectrum and trispectrum whose computa- tional complexities have reduced to linear, quadratic and cubic orders, respectively introduced a notion of “aggregate spectrogram (AS)” which is a unimodal distribution at each time instant. The AS is extremely useful and computationally efficient when we are interested in a few spectral features and not the entire spectrum. Properties/characteristics of the AS have been listed. A para- metric method, based on a second order autoregressive model of the signal, for the construction of the AS, has been described. Of all the existing spectral estimation tools, the AS has the least computational complexity. Based on the AS, instan- taneous frequency estimation for multicomponent signals with equal amplitudes has been achieved. The AS does not require Goertzel filters in dual tone multi frequency detection applications. The AS finds many potential application. A few examples are voice activity detection, edge detection, motion vector estimation etc. Secondly, the problem of estimating the instantaneous frequency and band- width for multicomponent signals with time varying amplitudes has been solved by employing a new peak detection algorithm. The algorithm has been shown to outperform existing algorithms when the frequencies and amplitudes of the multi- component noisy signals are time-varying. Other contributions of the thesis include: low computational cost algorithms for the sliding discrete Fourier transform, and algorithms for its extension to spectral interpolation through zero padding and window padding. A low cost, optimized split-radix FFT architecture for zero-padded signals is also proposed. The Wiener-Khintchine theorem (WKT) yields better spectral estimates of Gaussian signals as compared to the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Higher order spectra find utility in case of additive colored noise or the signals are non- Gaussian. Due to high computational complexities, the WKT and higher order spectra are avoided in the sliding window based spectral analysis. We have devel- oped recursive forms of the WKT, bispectrum and trispectrum whose computa- tional complexities have reduced to linear, quadratic and cubic orders, respectively