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Politeness in the Pashto Language and Culture

Thesis Info

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Author

Mian Shah Bacha

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir

City

Muzaffarabad

Province

AJK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

English Language & Literature

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13545/1/Mian_Shah_Bacha_English_2015_UAJK_18.05.2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724925998

Similar


This research study aims at finding out the expression of politeness in the Pashto Language. To this end, the researcher collected data from the respondents of the Pashto Language through a questionnaire of the open role play situations of requesting and apologizing. The questionnaire was adopted from Reiter`s Study (2000) and it was also translated in to Pashto for the respondents of the Pashto language. The questionnaire consisted of 24 role play situations (12 requests and 12 apologies) and the performance of the role plays in each set of the questionnaire took from 45 to 50 mins. Even the data of Reiter`s linguistic study on politeness were also compared with the data of the Pashto language. Reiter (2000) had collected the data of her linguistic politeness from 61 native speakers of the English language at St. Mary University College, England. Ten students each from Peshawar University, University of Malakand, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Swat University, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal and from a Post Graduate college, Swat, were taken as respondents for this research study. Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper`s (1989) Analytical framework and coding scheme were applied for the analysis of the data of both the languages. The results show that politeness exists both in the Pashto language and the British English but the respondents of the British English have shown more consideration towards negative politeness than the respondents of the Pashto Language. The British respondents have also shown a need to spare the hearer`s (addressee`s) face. Even, in the British English, a need to respect the addressee`s negative face was also shown, corresponding to his/her distance, degree of individuation and other considerations. This fact is explained by the low xxi percentage in impositive expressions and the frequent use of the apologies in British English. Thus, the results have shown further that negative politeness and positive politeness have been considered as a crux for dissociation and association in both the Pashto language and in the British English. However, the results indicate that the British respondents have shown more inclination towards negative politeness than Pashto language speakers do. This research study may appear to ignore the implications for language teaching but the findings have confirmed the cultural and interactive aspects of communication.
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