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Postharvest Application of Botanical Extracts to Improve the Storage Life and Quality of Kinnow

Thesis Info

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Author

Rashid, Muhammad Zahid

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Horticulture

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12096/1/Muhammad%20zahid%20rashid%20horticulture%202019%20uaf%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724936239

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Citrus is one of the utmost promising fruit crops of Pakistan owing to its delicious taste and excellent aroma. Kinnow being an auspicious variety has a significant importance in the global market. Pakistan is facing a drastic reduction in quality of Kinnow mandarin due to improper postharvest management and hence severs losses regarding quality and shelf life which might be upto 40%. In this context laboratory experiments were conducted to enhance the storage life and quality of Kinnow on sustainable basis. Hence, the comprehenive research plan in which series of experiments were executed to optimize different oil coatings such as coconut oil, castor oil and sesame oil, aloe vera and neem extracts. In first three experiments results delineated that 30% coconut oil, 50% castor oil and 60% sesame oil proved best treatments to maintain quality related parameters TSS, total sugars, acidity, Vitamin C and maximum TPC, total antioxidants, (POD) peroxidase enzyme activity and (SOD) superoxide dismutase enzyme activity after 90 days storage. Results of experiment 4th and 5th showed that a minimum fruit rot of 6% and 9% was calculated when fruits were treated with 60% Aloe vera and 40% neem extracts, respectively in comparison to control having fruit rot (30%) during storage. Maximum total antioxidants, total phenolic contents, POD and SOD enzymatic activity along with other quality parameters were also showed better in fruits of same treatments among plant extracts. In experiment 6 oil coating doses were compared with commercial wax (fomesa wax) which showed that 30% coconut oil performed parallel to fomesa wax to sustain fruit quality parameters and prolong storage life of Kinnow fruit. Minimum weight loss (9%), total soluble solids (11.53°Brix) and maximum titratable acidity (1%), vitamin C (42.53 mg 100 g-1) were observed, however higher values of TPC (218.33 mg 100 g-1), total antioxidants (79.60%), CAT (17.40), POD (0.76 mg-1 protein) and SOD (125.28 mg-1 protein) enzyme activities were also found after 90 days storage. Findings regarding the comparison of plant extracts and fungicide (TBZ) indicated that 60% aloe vera showed similar results as synthetic fungicide (TBZ) and controlled fruit decay up to (6.25%).The fruits of same treatment were also showed better biochemical characteristics relating to fruit quality after 90 days storage. Finally, it was found that 30% coconut oil performed better than aloe vera extract 60% and synthetic fungicide. The fruits dipped in 30% coconut oil showed minimum weight loss (11.70%), fruit rot (5.83%), maximum juice content (42 g), biochemical parameters like TSS (10.90°Brix), TA (1.09%), vitamin C (40 mg 100 g-1), total sugars (16%), maximum total antioxidants (70% inhibition) and maximum enzymatic activity [catalase (18.10U mg-1 protein), peroxidase (0.79U mg-1 protein) and superoxide dismutase (133.93 U mg-1 protein)] of Kinnow mandarin fruits which were stored up to 90 days. It was concluded from the present study that prestorage treatment of 30% coconut oil was proved to be most beneficial to reduce decay losses and sustain the quality of fruit during 90 days storage.
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متن کی اقسام

متن:
جس مطبوعہ یا غیر مطبوعہ تحریر کو متنی نقاد مرتب کرنا چاہتا ہے، اسے متن کہتے ہیں۔ متن کے لیے ضروری ہے کہ وہ تحریر ہو۔ متن نظم بھی ہوسکتا ہے اور نثر بھی ، متن قدیم بھی ہوسکتا ہے اور عہد حاضر کے مصنف کی تصنیف بھی۔
’’ ہزاروں صفحوں پر پھیلی ہوئی ہو یا ایک صفحہ کی مختصر سی تحریر دونوں متن ہوسکتے ہیں جو متنی نقاد قلی قطب شاہ کا کلام مرتب کرنا چاہتا ہے، اس کے لیے پورا کلیاتِ قلی قطب شاہ متن ہوگا۔ اس کے برعکس غالب کا ایک خط مرتب کرنے والے کے لیے چند سطروں کا خط بھی متن ہوگا۔
متن کی اقسام:
متن کی اہم اقسام مندرجہ ذیل ہیں۔
وسائل تحفظ کے اعتبار سے اقسام:
الف۔ الوہی کتب یا سماوی کتب جیسے قرآن مجید، عہد نامہ قدیم و جدید وغیرہ
ب۔ منقوش کتب جو پتھر یا دھات پر نقش ہوں
ج۔ کم ویرپا وسائل کے حوالیسے عبارات محفوظ کی گئی ہوں ،جن پر آب و ہوا اور موسم کے اثرات مرتب ہوئے ہوں اور بعد والوں نے اس پر مختلف ادوار میں یہ تبدیلیاں کردی ہوں۔
رسم تحریر اور املا کے لحاظ سے اقسام:
ا۔ایک سے زیادہ زبانوں میں لکھئے گئے متن
ب۔ایک زبان میں لکھے گئے متون
ج۔ املا اور زمانہ تصنیف میں رشتہ ہوتا ہے۔اس لیے ایک زبان میں ہی، مگرکئی رسوم خط میں لکھا گیا متن
د۔ایک ہی متن کے متون مختلف املاؤں اور رسوم خط کے حامل ہوتے ہیں۔
موضوع کے اعتبار سے اقسام:
الف۔ایک موضوع کے حامل متون
ب۔ مختلف موضوعات کے حامل متون
ج۔ مختلف جہتوں کے حامل متون
تالیفی نوعیت کے لحاظ سے اقسام:
الف۔اصل متن جو کہ تصنیف کا بنیادی متن ہوتا ہے اور مصنف کی اپنی تخلیق یا تحقیق ہوتا ہے۔
ب۔ اضافی متن جو کہ تشریحی...

Parental Role in Recognition, Prevention and First Aid Management of Foreign Body Aspiration amongst Children

Background: Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a commonly observed, fatal but preventable condition in children. To reduce the incidence of FBA, it is essential to provide parents with knowledge and guidelines regarding the prevention and management of FBA. Objectives: To assess parental knowledge and parental role in the prevention and first aid management of foreign body aspiration in children. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Mayo Hospital, Lahore from January 2019 to September 2019. After IRB approval and informed consent, 151 parents were enrolled through convenient sampling. Data were recorded in a structured questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS version 26. Results: Breathlessness and vomiting were recognized as symptoms of FBA by 49.7% & 7.3% of parents respectively. Hand clutched to throat, color & voice change were recognized as signs by 6.6 %, 9.9 % &10.6 % of the parents. As a first aid measure, 66.2% of individuals knew about back slaps, while only 2% were aware of abdominal thrusts. Literate parents were well aware of the facts that children under the age of three should not consume seeds, hazelnuts, and hard nuts and the child should not laugh or talk while eating compared to illiterate parents (p<0.05) Conclusion: The majority of the parents are not well aware of signs, symptoms, preventive measures and first aid measurements regarding FBA.

حقوقِ اطفال پر اسلامی نظریاتی کونسل کی سفارشات اور عالمی کنونشن 1989ء کا تقابلی جائزہ

Islam has clarified the rights of children and emphasized on their fulfillment and given good news of rewards to those who fulfil it. the concept of children's rights and laws are not new for Muslims. In contemporary era, some organizations have realized the improance of human rights and with the support of stack holders undertaken "human rights" including "children's rights". It is positive gesture that the United Nations Global Convention has also formulated resolutions regarding human rights and their protection, in which the rights of children have been emphasized regardless of color, race, language, and geography. In the context of Pakistan, the role of the Islamic Ideological Council is also important in this regard, which is a constitutional institution, and examines the laws framed in the country and presents its recommendations in the light of Islamic teachings. The Council has periodically presented its recommendations on children’s issues. The efforts of both institutions are important. this research deals wih the recommendations by two organizations. The thesis consists of a preface, four chapters, conclusions and recommendations. Preface includes a comprehensive introduction of the topic. In the first chapter, the importance of rights in Islam, the rights of children before birth and after birth are explained. The second chapter introduces the Council of Islamic Ideology and an overview of its recommendations regarding the rights of children. In the third chapter, there is a detailed discussion on the introduction of the international convention and its aims, objectives, and its provisions regarding the rights of children. In the fourth chapter, comparison between the recommendations of the Islamic Ideological Council and the provisions of the International Convention, their mutual similarities and differences are presented.