موضوع 2:اسلام میں تحقیق کے اصول
قرآن پاک کی روشنی میں تحقیق کی اہمیت:
اسلام ایک مکمل ضابطہ حیات ہے جس کی بنیاد قرآن پاک پر قائم ہے۔اس میں قیامت تک کے انسانوں کے لیے رہنمائی موجود ہے۔ اس میں ہدایات، احکام،اصول و کلیات پر مشتمل بنیادی باتیں بیان کی گئی ہیں۔اسلام وہ واحد آفاقی مذہب ہے جو رہبانیت کی نفی کرتا ہے اور سچائی تک پہنچنے کے لیے کسی حد تک عقل کے استعمال کی اجازت دیتا ہے کیونکہ تحقیق و تجربے سے غوروفکر سے پہلو تہی کرنا حقائق تک پہنچنے کی راہ میں رکاوٹ پیدا کرتا ہے۔
ایسے موضوعات جو انسانی عقل سے مابعد طبیعاتMetaphysics مثلا اللہ تعالی کی ذات اورصفات وغیرہ سے متعلق ہیں اسلام ان کے بارے میں سوچ و بچار کی اجازت نہیں دیتا ہیے۔ ایسے سوالات ہیں جومحدود انسانی عقل میں نہیں سما سکتے ان کا علم صرف وحی کے ذریعے سے ہی حاصل ہو سکتا ہے۔ان کے علاوہ ہر وہ موضوع جس کا تعلق فلاح انسانی سے ہے۔ قرآن پاک میں جابجا غوروفکر کی دعوت دی گئی ہے۔جن میں سے چند آیات کریمہ درج ذیل ہیں۔
1۔سورۃالنساء کی آیت نمبر 82 میں اللہ تعالی فرماتے ہیں:
"تو کیا لوگ قرآن پر غور نہیں کرتے۔اگر یہ اللہ کے سوا کسی اور کی طرف سے ہوتا تو اس میں تفاوت پاتے۔"
2۔سورۃمحمد کی آیت نمبر 24 میں اللہ تعالی فرماتے ہیں:
"تو کیا یہ لوگ قرآن میں غور نہیں کرتے یا دلوں پر کفر لگ گئے ہیں۔"
3۔سورۃ الانعام کی آیت نمبر50 میں اللہ تعالی فرماتے ہیں:
"آپ کہیے کہ اندھا اور بینا کہیں برابر ہو سکتے ہیں؟ کیا تم غور نہیں کرتے۔"
ان آیات کریمہ کے مطالعے سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ حق تعالی نے قرآن پاک کے ذریعے انسان کو غوروفکر یعنی تحقیق کرنے کا حکم دیا۔
اسلام میں...
Motor development is a process of growing and development of motion ability of children's development conditions with the nerve and brain development of children so every simple movement is the results of complex interaction patterns of various and optimized particular systems. Motor development is connected with the growth process of motoric associated with knowledge, family income and attitudes of moms. The type of research used is observational research with the "cross sectional study" approach, to know the factors related to motor development of motorcycle of body in the integrated service post of Sawi Massamaturu village, popular district. Research results show that of the large 30 sample estimates, 14 children with normal motor development and 6 children that the motor development is disturbed. Conclusion in this research a significant relationship between knowledge, and attitude with the motoric development of family income not significant the development of children motoric
This study was designed to find the comparative effects of teaching Physics through inquiry method, and traditional lecture method, and analyze effects of these methods on Grade 9 students’ attitude towards Physics. The objectives of the study were (a) to find the effectiveness of teaching Physics to Grade 9 through inquiry teaching method (ITM) on academic achievement of male and female students, (b) to find the effectiveness of teaching of Physics to Grade 9 through traditional teaching lecture method (TTLM) on academic achievement of male and female students, (c) to find comparative effectiveness of teaching Physics to Grade 9 through inquiry teaching (ITM) and traditional teaching lecture method (TTLM) on academic achievement of male and female students,(d) to find comparative effectiveness of inquiry teaching method (ITM) and traditional teaching lecture method (TTLM) in teaching of Physics to Grade 9,(e) to find the attitude towards Physics of male and female students in the teaching of Physics through inquiry teaching method (ITM), (f) to find attitude towards Physics of male and female students in the teaching of Physics through traditional teaching lecture method (TTLM) and (g) to find the attitude towards Physics for Grade 9 of male and female students in the teaching of Physics through inquiry teaching method (ITM) and traditional teaching lecture method (TTLM).Fifty four (54) null hypotheses were tested in order to achieve the objectives. Two hundred and forty (240) science students (120 male and 120 female) of Grade 9, from four schools were constituted as sample of the study. Students of each school were divided into two equivalent groups i.e. control and experimental group on the basis of Pre-test of (academic achievement and attitude toward Physics). Experimental groups were taught through inquiry method and control groups by traditional lecture method for twenty two weeks. Post-test of academic achievements, and Pre-test of attitude toward Physics, were administered after treatment to assess the difference in performance of all groups. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed to compute mean, standard deviation and t-value. The data collected by Pre-test of academic achievement, Post-test academic achievement, Pre-test of attitude towards Physics and Post-test of attitude towards Physics were analyzed through SPSS 16.0 software; t-test was applied to test null hypotheses at significance level(0.05). The performance of the experimental group on Post-test of academic achievement, and Post-test attitude towards Physics were significantly more effective, than Pre-test of academic achievement, Pre- test of attitude towards Physics and the control groups, this proves that inquiry teaching method is more effective, than the traditional lecture method in learning Physics. Performance of experimental group (boys) was better than the experimental group (girls) in all learning domains and attitude towards Physics. On the basis of findings, conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made accordingly.