This study was conducted to examine the direct effect of job characteristics on job satisfaction, job commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) and the intervening influence of organizational job commitment and job satisfaction in a relationship with job characteristics and OCB. This study was quantitative in nature and the population comprised of faculty members of public and private universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. In public sector universities overall 316 questionnaires were distributed amid faculty members and 290 usable questionnaires were returned the response 92% and amid the faculty members of private universities total 168 questionnaires were distributed and 162 questionnaires were returned, the response was 96%. The data was analysed using SPSS, LISREL and AMOS software. In order to accomplished study objectives EFA, CFA and Regression analyses were run. Based on the statistical consequences the findings of the study reveals that a) job characteristic, job satisfaction and job commitment are the significant predictor of OCB whereas, job satisfaction and job commitment significantly mediates in the relationship amid job characteristics and OCB. Study recommended that the experts of the universities appropriately supervise, train and manage the human resource of organization and consistently observe the individual performance in order to strengthen their profession goals. Moreover, the universities experts conduct the survey upon the faculty members of both public sector universities and ask employees what they want more in their positions and make sure the universities have a formal and consistent orientation program for all levels. Future research areas and limitations are also incorporate in the study. The study has value and it is original.
. نواب محسن الملک کی وفات پر ہم نے تدبر و سیاست کا ماتم کیا، مولانا نذیر احمد کے مرنے پر سحر نگاری اور بزم آرائی کا مرثیہ پڑھا، مولانا شبلی کی موت پر ہم نے علم کے فقدان پر نوحہ کیا، لیکن نواب وقارالملک کی رحلت پر ہم قوم کا ماتم کرتے ہیں اور الوالعزمانہ اخلاق کی گم شدگی پر فریاد۔
یہ ہستی گراں مایہ جس نے ہماری دنیا کو ۲۷، جنوری ۱۹۱۷ء میں الوداع کہا، ہمارے کارفرما قافلہ کا آخری مسافر تھا، اس کے بعد وہ دور جو انقلاب ہند کے بعد شروع ہوا تھا ختم ہوگیا، وہ دور جو انگریزی کالجوں کی کائنات نہیں، بلکہ بوریا نشین مدارس کا نتیجہ تھی، گزرگیا، وہ دور جو قدیم تعلیم اور قدیم اخلاق کے دنوں کو پیش کرتا تھا، منقطع ہوگیا، یعنی آئندہ ہماری قسمت کے مالک عربی مدارس کے شملے نہ ہونگے، بلکہ انگریزی درسگاہوں کے ہیٹ ہونگے، اب مشرق، مشرق کی قومیت پر حکومت نہیں کرے گا، بلکہ مغرب، اب لیڈری اور رہبریٔ جمہور کے لئے جوش دل اور اخلاص عمل ضروری نہ ہوگا بلکہ صرف ایک کامیاب عہدہ اور ایک عمدہ سوٹ فیا ویلاہ علی فقید الاسلام ویا خیباہ للمسلمین۔
مرحوم کو سب سے پہلے میں نے دارالعلوم ندوہ میں دیکھا، غالباً ۱۹۰۳ء یا ۱۹۰۴ء میں، پست قد، فربہ جسم، چھوٹی گردن، کچی پکی لمبی داڑھی، سرگھٹا ہوا اور سر پر ایک ترکی...
It has been held since ages that wine is a panacea for mankind in the realm of medicine. Moreover, it is touted with emphasis that it is a great source of mental and physical solace and satisfaction and for this very reason masses in the days of ignorance, in general, would have it with relish for solace and satisfaction. Even in the contemporary advanced times, it is believed in general, that wine is the source of various medical benefits coupled with the belief that wine releases tension and stress. Under the same impression, wine is drunk, with relish in Europe and America down to this day. Modern medical science has proved all these nations as categorically wrong and baseless and has set forth that all these notions about wine are based on assumptions and abstractions with nothing concrete and solid. In the assay under consideration, the harmful and baneful influence and effects of wine have been brought under the lime light and proved, in the light of the experiments of the medical scientists, that no medical benefits, whatsoever, be derived from drinking wine rather it has detrimental impacts and that it creates mental unrest instability rather than providing the drinker with solace, ease and satisfaction
The first movement of Urdu Literature raised its voice in Fort william college which bases remained beyond theoritical reference Sir syed''s revolutionary objectivity was upheld opponent hand of many writers claimed their supremecy against him and contemporary animosity paved its avenues among these movements Whenever the Literature griped by individuality substanardisation shaked its foundation The first chapter of the thesis is''''The biginning of Urdu Language and Literature'''' which showed urdu language with its background. Initial phases and reasons of growth of language are described.All combats and adventures in the name of provinces in Indo-Pak continent are emphasized. This chapter also deals with the writer''s idealogies to comments the connections between Punjab,Sindh,Dakkan,Delhi,Bangal,Mysur, Behar,Gujrat,Potohar,Madras and other regions controversial idealogies in the beginning of language is discussed here.During British rule in Hindustan,Orientalist initiated conflicts between Hindus and Muslims on the bases of Hindi,Urdu and Hindustani which was strenthened by prejudice Hindus that germinated on endless controversy.This chapter describe the whole penorama and also elaborates the conflict revolving around the style of expression. The second chapter is titles as ''''Contemporary animosity in poetry and Literature''''that reflect the colours of urdu poets and written controversal discussions with each other on the ground of language ,words and style.The disciplin of poetry,art of language and the excellence of expression are the subject of this chapter. The third chapter deals with literary movements with their literary and historical back ground .The movement like the earliest urdu poetry,ambegous movement,Fort william college,Ali garh movement,Romantic movement,Progressive movement,Islamic movement,Pakistani literatur and some other movement are discuss in this chapter The fourth chapter represent the contemporary animosity of Journals and the editors of Journals,that develops from Tehzeeb ul akhlaq and leads towards 21st century when written controversal discussions were published in different magazines The fifth chapter name as ''''personaly and individualy animosity'''' the richest chapter of the thesis.Famous literary adventures are its soul the competition between poetry and prose as one to one are not negated.Literary achievements of meer and Sauda,Insha snd Mushafi,Nasikh and Aatish, Anees and Dabeer, Ghalib and Zauq,Abdul majid and Aazad, Qasmi and Wazir aagha,Narang and Farooqi,Salim akhtar and Anwar sadid, Himaet ali shaer and Mohsin bhopali,Allama Iqbal,Fraz and Iftikhar arif and others can never be neglected besides this the unique competition between old and new contrmper poets and writers are vitally added to the chapter.As one couplet of ghazal to be the cru this chapter is the soul of this thesis. The last chapter of the thesis is ''''The complete analysis of contemporary animosity in urdu literature'''' which manifests observations and significances of the little and the work undone are also dealts without selecting options the splended vastness and the side effects of the merit relevent are precisely discuss.