اسلام میں قتل کی حرمت
اسلام نے نہ صرف قتل و غارت گری سے روکا بلکہ اس غلط کام کے مفاسد بھی بیان کیے تاکہ انسان اس گناہ سے بچ سکے۔ قتل ناحق کو سب سے بڑا جرم قرار دیا گیا، جیسا کہ ارشاد باری تعالیٰ ہے
﴿ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِ سُلْطَانًا فَلَا يُسْرِفْ فِي الْقَتْلِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَنْصُورًا ﴾178
"جس شخص کے قتل کرنے کو اللہ نے حرام کیا ہے اس کو قتل نہ کرو مگر حق شرعی کے ساتھ اور جو شخص ظلم کے ساتھ مارا جائے ہم نے اس کے وارث کو غلبہ دیا ہے تو اس کو چاہیے کہ وہ قتل میں زیادتی نہ کرے۔ بلاشبہ اس کی مدد کی گئی ہے۔ "
اور جس شخص کے قتل کرنے کو اللہ تعالیٰ نے قواعد شرعیہ کی رو سے حرام فرمایا ہے ۔ اس کو قتل مت کرو، ہاں مگر حق پر قتل کرنا درست ہے ، یعنی جب وجوب یا اباحت قتل کا کوئی سبب شرعی پایا جائے ، اس وقت وہ "حرم اللہ " میں داخل نہیں اور جو شخص ناحق قتل کیا جائے توہم نے اس کے وارث حقیقی یا حکمی کو قصاص لینے کا شرعا اختیار دیا ہے۔ سو اس کے قتل کے بارے میں حدِ شرعی سے تجاوز نہیں کرنا چاہیے ، یعنی قاتل کے علاوہ کسی اور کو قتل نہ کرے، کیونکہ وہ شخص زیادتی نہ کرنے کی صورت میں شرعا ًتو طرفداری کے قابل ہے اور زیادتی کرنے سے فریق ثانی طرفداری کے قابل ہو جائےگا ۔ اس لیے زیادتی کر کے منصوریت سے خارج نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔
مندرجہ ذیل شرعی وجوہات کی بنا پر مسلمان کا قتل جائز قرار دیاگیا، جیسا کہ رسول اللہ ﷺ نے فرمایا
" لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ، يَشْهَدُ...
The present study was conducted with the aim to investigate the relationship between Selfefficacy, Life satisfaction, and Quality of life in local tourists of Pakistan. Data was collected from local tourists, a total of 151 men and women. A correlational research design was used along with snowball sampling to collect data from participants by using of Self-efficacy scale (SES), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Quality of life scale (QOL). The results revealed that there was a significant positive relationship among self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and quality of life in local tourists of Pakistan. Further, the results showed that self-efficacy and satisfaction with life are significantly correlated with factors of quality of life. Self-efficacy, satisfaction with life, and quality of life are found more in tourists who travel more frequently in a year. This study has implications for developing the tourist industry and encouraging local travel for Pakistani‘s as an intervention to improve the health and wellbeing of people.
Salinity is one of the major soil problems that limits the crop growth and productivity to great extent. Increased amount of soluble salts cause osmotic stress and excessive sodium (Na+) leads to sodicity that deteriorate the soil structure and cause toxicity to plants. Potassium (K+) is an important macronutrient essential for enzyme activation, osmoregulation and charge balance in the plant cell. Higher concentration of Na+ in nutrient medium decreases K+ uptake and increases Na+ uptake by plants. Therefore under sodic or saline-sodic conditions K+/Na+ ratio in plant tissue is decreased affecting enzyme activities, photosynthesis, protein synthesis and other metabolic activities. Elevated K-fertilization under Na+ stress may improve the K+/Na+ ratio in plant tissue improving plant metabolism under saline-sodic condition. Na+-K+ interaction in saline- sodic soils was studied in light and heavy textured soils. Different levels of Na+ stress was applied to developed higher SAR of the soil using NaCl. Na+-K+ dynamics was compared with naturally salt affected soils at elevated K-fertilization. Effect of elevated K- fertilization on wheat crop growth, distribution of Na+ and K+ in different parts of the plants, subcellular Na+-K+ homeostasis of wheat under Na+ stress and proteome stability was determined in soil and hydroponic studies. Plant growth, physiological and chemical attributes, yield was significantly reduced under salt stress while application of elevated potassium fertilization improved growth and yield parameters. Application of elevated K fertilization mitigate osmotic, ionic and oxidative stress under saline condition improving subcellular K+/Na+ ratio. Elevated potassium fertilization improved proteome stability under salt stress decreasing the change in number of proteins changed by salt stress. This study suggest that K application could enhance wheat growth and yield by mitigating the deleterious effects of salt stress to a certain level at specific condition.