This study is an attempt to find more and diversified areas of resource allocation and the factors affecting decision making of individuals in this regard. An individual’s allocation of resources (time and money) depends on economics, social, demographic, religious and environmental variables. Study extends some earlier work to the analysis of individual’s utility maximization out of available budget of money and time by allocation into five activities namely; consumption, labor supply, human capital, social capital and religious human capital. The cost (marginal cost) of investment in human capital, social capital and religious human capital is incurred in one and the same period and returns from human capital, social capital and religious human capital are accrued in next period. All types of capital are relational to each other. The path of wage rate is determined by the variables human capital, social capital and religious human capital. Similarly behavior of time allocation to labor supply also depends on time allocation to social capital and religious activities in addition to its complementarity with time allocated to consumption. Our mathematical results imply that in equilibrium marginal returns in future from investment of time in human capital, social capital and religious human are equal. So equilibrating process imply that allocation of time between human capital, social capital and religious human capital will be readjusted until the returns from all types of capital are equalized. The study presents a social capital matrix to explain that social capital accumulates in one or more than one dimension and in different forms. Such a matrix can show how a variety of reciprocal relations, mutual exchanges and social infrastructure exists and interacts. Some of our empirical results are contrary to studies pertaining to conventional economics or the economics of religion and others support newly developed Divine Economics Framework. While some results are exclusively innovative with regards the role of religious stock as an externality to determine resource allocation. The stock of religious human capital in a household affects individual to make decision regarding resource (time and money) allocation to make investment in consumption, labor supply, human capital, social capital, and religious human capital.
خادمِ نعت سید صبیح رحمانی (مدیر:نعت رنگ ، کراچی) ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد کا نام نعتیہ ادب کے خدمت گزاروں میں کسی تعارف کا محتاج نہیں۔انڈیا ہو یا پاکستان اہل نعت اُن کے نام اور کام سے خوب واقف ہیں۔ انھوں نے اوائل عمری ہی سے صنف نعت کے فروغ و ارتقا کے لیے بہت محنت کی ہے۔ابتدا میں اُن کی چھوٹی چھوٹی تالیفات سامنے آتی رہیں جو اپنے عہد میں نعتیہ شاعری کی جمع آوری اور نعت کے اشاعتی منظرنامے کو وسعت دینے کا سبب بنتی رہیں۔اُن کی ادارت میں ماہ نامہ’’حمدو نعت‘‘ کراچی کا اجرا ہوا جس نے تفہیم نعت میں اپنا حصہ ڈالا۔ بے شمار نعت کاروں ، نعت شناسوں اور نعت خوانوں پر لکھے گئے ان کے تعارفی مضامین ایک تسلسل سے سامنے آتے رہے جو آج محققینِ نعت کی تحقیقی ضرورتوں کو پورا کرنے میں آسانیوں کا سبب بن رہے ہیں۔ کراچی و حیدرآباد کے نعت گو شعرا پرمضامین کی صورت میں اُن کے تفصیلی تذکرے اپنی اولیت اور افادیت کے پہلو سے اہمیت کے حامل ہونے کی وجہ سے یادگار قرارپائے ۔اُن کا کاروانِ ذوق و شوق آگے بڑھتا رہااور انھوں نے مزید کئی منزلیں کامیابی سے طے کیں۔ اُن کا تحقیقی مقالہ’’اردو نعت پاکستان میں‘‘سامنے آیا جسے اب اپنے موضوع پر کتابِ حوالہ کی حیثیت حاصل ہے اور پھر’’ ایک سوایک پاکستانی نعت گو شعرا ، اساسِ نعت گوئی، انوارِ عقیدت اور اُردو میں نعتیہ صحافت‘‘ جیسی اہم کتابوں کی اشاعت کے ساتھ اُردو کے کئی نامور شعرا کے کلیات نعت کی ترتیب و تدوین نے انھیں نعت شناسی کے معاصر منظرنامے میں ایک الگ تشخص عطا کیا ہے۔میں سمجھتا ہوں یہ سب اُن کے اخلاص اور مسلسل محنت کا پھل ہے۔یہ بات یقین سے کہی جا سکتی ہے کہ اب پاکستان میں فروغِ نعت کا کوئی جائزہ ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد...
This research was done at the Construction Company in Pekanbaru. The aim of this study is to find out the impact of work stress, financial compensation and non-financial compensation on employee job satisfaction at the Construction Company in Pekanbaru. The sample in this study is an employee of the Construction Company in Pekanbaru of 35 people using saturated sampling or census techniques. To analyze the data in this study use quantitative descriptive techniques using double linear regression. Research findings show that work stress, financial compensation and non-financial compensation have a partial impact on employee job satisfaction. At the same time or simultaneously, work stress, financial compensation and non-financial compensation have a significant impact on employee employment satisfaction at the New Construction Company with known F counts of (35,566) ≥ Ftable (2,91) with a significant 0,000 ≤ 0,05, and a determination coefficient (R Square) value of 0,775 equals 77,5% which means that the work stress variables, economic compensation, and nonfinancy compensation affect employee job satisfaction of 77,5%.
The structural and surface morphology of metal-incorporated diamond like carbon films have been investigated. These films were deposited on Si (111) substrates using Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. A KrF Excimer laser (λ= 248 nm) was used for co- ablation from multi component Ni-graphite and Ag-graphite targets. The carbon composite films were prepared without and with external magnetic field applied transverse to the plume. The structural analysis was performed using X-ray Differactrometer (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analyses were performed to explore the surface morphology, texture and roughness of films. The application of external magnetic field has significantly improved the film quality. Films prepared in the presence of external magnetic field have comparatively larger crystallite size of Ni as well as of Ag. Another important aspect of application of external field is the enhancement in the graphitization and shifting of G-band towards higher wave number. The nucleation and growth process of carbon films are strongly dependent on the size and energies of the ablated species. The I D /I G ratios for the films prepared under external magnetic field indicate that the chain length and the six-fold aromatic rings of carbon clusters have developed substantially in that film matrix and thus graphitization is enhanced. The metal intercalated atoms support to the formation of carbon ring clusters by taking the π-electron which reduces the excited state of molecule. The surface morphological investigations reveal that surface texture and organized growth of the particles varies with concentration as well as with the applied field. The roughness has also been influenced by the application of magnetic field as well as by the Ni and Ag dopants in the prepared composite films. The purpose of developing such kind of films is to enhance the conventional properties of the films and to achieve some exceptional results which are not possible in ordinary films. These films have a vast variety of applications in photo-voltaic, bio-medical, tribological and semiconductor industry.