Educational Management Information System (EMIS) is a formal method of providing management with accurate and timely information so that decision making, planning, project development and other management functions and operations can be carried out effectively. It is imperative that the producers as well as the users of education data and information receive proper guidance in the rudiments of EMIS and become aware of its importance and application in response to their own needs to a rapidly increasing and expanding demand from both local and international data users. Planning and development needs sound feedback, which, in the case of education department, is provided by EMIS. For the last so many years planning has not contributed much to the expectations. Besides so many reasons one may be the poor feedback provided for such a purpose. During the study it was desired to understand the meaning, importance, procedure of both EMIS & Planning and to inquire whether their requisites are fully observed. Major focus of the study is based on two types of questionnaire. Both the questionnaire are developed for the experts of the field directly or indirectly involved in the planning and development. The second tool used for the data collection is interview which is a process of interaction. During the interview, subject gave the needed information verbally in a face-to face situation. In the study it was needed to interview the personnel involved in Provincial Management Information System and Planning and Development at Secretariat level while to know the operational activities a panel of officials of Provincial Directorate was also interviewed. In the subject case the existent population consists of Primary, Middle, Secondary and Higher Secondary Institutions, both male and female, of twenty-four districts of the province. The sampled population of the study was twenty-four districts of the province having 26866 Government institutions administered under the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education NWFP. The institutions of each District are further administered under the control of Executive District Officer Elementary and Secondary Education. The data for the study was collected from the same authority concerned. During the study it was found that there is no perfect correlation between the variables of physical facilities and the facilities needed. It was also found that the school mapping activities are not being undertaken. This situation is prevailing at the provincial and district levels of NWFP. The proformas used for collecting data basically capture enrolment of students, profile of teachers and very limited information about school facilities. Assuming that these data would be utilized for school mapping, these are very inadequate to characterize the schools and its environ since it does not contain non school based data such as socio-economic, demographic which are essential in school mapping activities. Apparently there are no conscious efforts at the school stage to undertake this activity more so ever at the district level. The absence of this exercise considering its importance could be attributed reasons: lack of knowledge of the concerned officials to carry out the activity, the absence of the clear-cut policy direction on what, how and when. There is a need to network the entire districts in a province in terms of internet linkage so that the flow and sharing of data information would be more expeditious and timely. EMIS centers at district level may be linked through internet to the National Education Information System. This will establish well defined common data elements; synchronize data collection and processing system using common computer language; faster sharing of information; clearer and meaningful analysis of the performance of the country’s educational system. There must be permanent officials at district level whose job may be to collect the data related to indicators necessary for EMIS data of the event as and when it occurs. In this way they will be able to up-to-date the website of the department. Besides covering all four components (especially input, process & output) of the education system, indicators should also be developed for reference to factors outside the system. These could include additional indicators for accountability to the society at large.
ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید مرحوم افسوس ہے کہ ہماری علمی بزم کی ایک پرانی یادگار ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید مرحوم نے گزشتہ مہینہ انتقال کیا ان کی پوری زندگی تعلیمی اور علمی مشاغل میں گزری اور آخر میں الٰہ آباد یونیورسٹی کی اردو کی پروفیسری سے ریٹائرڈ ہوئے تھے، وہ مشہور صاحب قلم تھے اردو، انگریزی دونوں زبانوں میں سیکڑوں مضامین، ان کی یادگار ہیں مستقل کتابوں میں مشہور دکنی شاعر قاضی محمود بحری کا کلیات تصحیح و ترتیب کے جملہ لوازم کے ساتھ مرتب کرکے شائع کیا تھا، ان کو تصوف اور روحانیات سے خاص دلچسپی تھی، اس ذوق میں انھوں نے مختلف مذاہب کے روحانی مرکزوں اور ان کی روحانی شخصیتوں سے بھی استفادہ کیا تھا مگر آخر میں اپنے اصلی مرکز کی طرف لوٹ آئے تھے اور اسی پر ان کا خاتمہ ہوا، مرحوم علامہ شبلی کے صحبت یافتہ اور ارکان دارالمصنفین کے پرانے رفقاء میں تھے، اس لیے دارالمصنفین سے ان کو دیرینہ مخلصانہ تعلق تھا، اس کی مجلس عاملہ اور مجلس انتظامیہ کے رکن بھی تھے، ادھر کئی سال سے فالج میں مبتلا تھے، گذشتہ مہینہ آنکھ کھلوانے کے لیے سیتاپور گئے تھے، وہیں دفعتہ انتقال کیا اور الٰہ آباد میں تجہیزوتکفین ہوئی۔ اللھم اغفرْلہٗ وَ ارْحمَہٗ۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، جنوری ۱۹۶۲ء)
In this article the role played by the Muslim religious scholars in the Pakistan Movement has also been discussed. The most prominent among such scholars were Molana Mazharuddin Malik, Molana Shabeer Ahmad Usmani, Molana Ashraf Ali Thanvi, Molana Zafar Ahmad Ansari, Mufti Muhammad Shafee, Molana Ikram Khan Bengali, Molana Ahmad Raza Khan Brailvi, Molana Naeem Uddin Muradabadi, Molana Azad Subhani, Molana Abdul Hamid Badauni, and MolanaAbul Ala Maududi. At the end, an analysis of the ideology of Pakistan has been presented in the light of the excerpts taken from various speeches and statements made by the Quaid during 1938 and 1948. It shows that the Quaid wanted to make Pakistan an Islamic state governed by the teachings of Allah Taala. He wanted to make it a model Islamic state to convince others to realize that the commandments of Allah are practicable and are a means of salvation from hurdles and hardships.
Like many other developing countries, Pakistan has not only liberalized its trade but also adopted liberal policy for foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. Evidence shows that despite comparatively satisfactory average economic growth, Pakistan’s performance in economic development indicators is still not encouraging. Several studies have focused on the contribution of trade and FDI in economic growth of Pakistan. However, there is dearth of studies that analyze and provide conclusive evidence of the impact of trade liberalization (TL) and FDI on economic development, particularly regarding human development (human well-being) and sustainability. With intention to fill this gap in literature, the prime objective of this study is to investigate impact of trade liberalization and foreign direct investment on broader human centered view of economic development in Pakistan. The study uses annual data, covering the period from 1972 to 2015. This study would generally provide a unique contribution to the literature of economic development for developing countries and particularly for Pakistan. Taking inspiration from Sen’s ‘capability’ approach, this study uses human development index (HDI) as proxy of economic development. To achieve stated objectives of the study, eleven models are specified. Four models reveal impact of trade liberalization’s proxies (trade volume and per capita trade) on human development index (HDI) while in two models impact of FDI on HDI is examined. Two models disclose effect of economic globalization index on HDI and rest of the models demonstrate impact of trade liberalization and FDI on environment. Augmented Dickey-Fullers (ADF) test is applied to identify the unit root problem.In order to obtain stated objectives, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing technique is used to find out long run (LR) associations.Statistical soundness of the specified models and estimated coefficients is checked by residual diagnostic tests and stability diagnostic tests. Variance inflation factor (VIF) is used to check multicollinearity. Results of all specified models, using ARDL technique, reveal robust long run relationship between dependent and explanatory variables, and adjustments of short deviations from equilibrium in the long- term. The long-run coefficients indicate that, in the long run, trade v liberalization (TL) has statistically significant positive impact on HDI (with and without income component) in all specifications. Based on findings, the study supported broader or ‘globalist’ argument for positive impact of trade liberalization on non-income development indicators via income as well as without income component. The results of FDI-HDI models advocate long run relationship between dependent and independent variables in the models. Estimated coefficients illustrate positive and statistically significant impact of FDI on development indicators in the SR and LR. FDI has positive impact on HDI with income and excluding income component. This depicts that FDI influences non-income development indicators by means of income as well as without income component just like trade. Control variable, real GDP has significant positive impact on HDI in both short and long run, whereas, inflation as proxy of macroeconomic stability, exerted negative impact particularly in the short run. When the people are considered a long-lasting real wealth of a country, then economic development must be sustainable. Environment sustainability is one of the key factors to secure quality of life for current and future generations. Debate over the impacts of trade liberalization and FDI on economic development cannot be settled until we get a wellfounded understanding of how trade and FDI affect environment quality in a developing country. Accordingly, for the impact of trade and FDI on the sustainability of economic development in Pakistan, using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as proxy of environment quality (increase in CO2 harms environment quality), this study investigated trade, FDI and environment nexus. The results of Trade-CO2 and FDI-CO2 models disclose robust longterm relationship between dependent and explanatory variables, and adjustments of short deviations from equilibrium in the long-run.Findings of study endorse ‘pollution haven’ hypothesis in Pakistan, indicating that trade and FDI aggravate environment quality through carbon dioxide emissions. Results show that economic expansions and fossil fuel energy consumption (control variables) deteriorate environmental quality.Based on empirical results, study suggests that policy makers should have more trade and FDI friendly policies in conjunction with growth enhancing and macroeconomic stability policies to achieve the dream task of developmental goals in Pakistan. Nevertheless, in context of empirical findings, the study implies that pursuing pro trade liberalization and vi foreign direct investment friendly strategies for economic expansion and development, professionals and government of Pakistan should also take care of environmentally sustainable economic development. Move towards sustainable economic development path will not occur overnight, but it is crucial if we are to secure long-term human focused economic development and make Pakistan economy resilient to dangers in future.