Carrot (Daucus carota L.) having a family of Umbelliferea, is a winter crop and is used fresh or in processed form throughout the world. For early carrot production, problem of seed germination exists due to high temperature at the start of August in Punjab, Pakistan. To cope with the issue, a comprehensive research was performed at Institute of Horticultural Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The present study had focused to enhance high temperature tolerance in carrot seed that resulted in better germination by using pre-sowing seed treatments. For the purpose, Seeds of carrot cultivar T-29 were primed with various concentrations of different chemicals, i.e GA3, Kinetin, IAA, SA, KNO3 or with distilled water, and evaluated in laboratory (35±2 oC) in comparison with unprimed seeds (control)to optimize the best concentration (priming dose) from each chemical under high temperature stress (35±2 oC) in term of final germination percentage and other related traits. Pre-sowing seed treatments significantly improved almost all the parameters under study i.e., SA 0.1 mM followed by GA3 0.05 mM and KNO3 50 mM showed promising results for seed germination and seedling vigour related attributes. Two best performing doses from each chemical, which gave maximum germination under high temperature stress in Laboratory, were selected for field evaluation. Seed inoculation was also performed with azotobactor. Thereafter, primed, inoculated and unprimed seeds tested in the field under RCBD and treatment means were analyzed. All the pre-sowing seed treatments enhanced the final emergence percentage. Carrot root quality (colour, diameter, weight and length), sugars (reducing, non-reducing and total sugars, TSS) ascorbic acid contents, antioxidants enzyme activities, malondialdehyde contents, total phenolic, total antioxidants, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency of plants were positively improved by pre-sowing seed treatments, SA 0.1 mM performed the best followed by GA3 0.05 mM. In the field condition, maximum emergence (33.2%) was achieved with GA3 0.05 mM followed by SA 0.1 mM 30.5%, priming treatments in comparison with control (14.8%), while carrot root yield was enhanced upto (2.82 kg/12.5 ft2 against 0.1 mM SA priming treatment) as compared to unprimed seeds (1.72 kg/12.5 ft2). It was revealed that carrot seed priming with SA 0.1 mM solution and/ or GA3 0.05 mM solution could be a good strategy for enhancing emergence with healthy seedlings and establishment as well as further growth and production of early carrot crop at high temperature.
کل کے سکھ تو گروی رکھے, پچھلے بوجھ اتارے جانتی ہوں میں تیز ہوا ہے راہ میں رستہ روکے ایسے لگتا ہے میں خود ہی اس پہ جھولنا چاہوں اسی لیے تو نیند کی دیوی سے میں چھپنا چاہوں دیکھ دیکھ کے ان کو حوصلہ ملتا تو ہے مجھ کو ایک اداسی کے دھاگے میں خود ہی بندھتی جاؤں درد کے پیکر میں ڈھل جاتے ہیں معلوم نہیں
اندر اندر سلگوں لیکن نکلوں زلف سنوارے کون ہے ,خوشبو کے لہجے میں جا کر اسے پکارے مجھ کو درد کی سولی سے اب آکے کون اتارے روز مری آنکھوں سے کوئی آگ سے خواب گزارے میری طرح سے جاگتے ہیں یہ شب بھر چاند ستارے میری سوچوں پر یہ کون ہے خوف کے چھینٹے مارے میری غزلیں, میری نظمیں, میرے نغمے سارے
Youth Empowerment has always been an icon of progressive process where young people are encouraged to peep into their future. It is not limited to develop individuals rather to formulate a great community change which rely on the development of individual capacity. Having dazzling achievements on its dimensions, the evolution of Islam flourished due to the youth’s inspiring role for the cognitive development in every sphere of life. The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) explored his young companions’ access to their resources, then transformed their consciousness, intellect and ensured their empowerment to promote traditional, moral and theological values. Its aim has always been to improve one’s quality of life in social, economic, socio-political and even war fares as well. Enhance to companions young his empowered (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy The their belief in self-efficacy in various territories. They battled against their contemporary challenges to meet positive sense of self-control, decision making skills, moral system of beliefs and pro-social connectedness. All these have numerous instances for their substantiations. The present research paper will substantiate the young companions’ pivotal efforts in the early age of Madīnah city to promote Islamic norms, their key role in battles, compilation of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth and various other significant defensive roles performed by the youth of that era after given powers by that highlight also will paper research present The. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy the how the youth of today can empower itself to utilize their perceptive. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy of companions young by archives set the from app
The objective of this study was to find the impact of Human resource management practices on managerial grid and leadership styles. The current research also studied the mediating role of employee trust and organizational commitment and the moderating role of Leader-Member Exchange model on association of HRM practices, managerial grid and leadership styles. Literary gap was identified where the relationship of HRM Practices, Managerial grid and Leadership styles was not previously explored and tested. The procedure of simple random sample was applied. Data was collected from a sample of 384 managers of 25 private sector companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange. The methodology of structural equation modeling in AMOS was employed to assess hypothesized relationships. All the hypothesized relationships were significant. However, LMX relationship did not moderate the relationship of HRM Practices and Leadership styles. The study will fill the theoretical gap and will help managers and strategists to devise organizational strategies while taking into consideration the relationship of human resource management and leadership.