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Socio Economic Status, School Climate and Study Habits: Determinants of Students, Academic Achievement at Secondary School Level

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Nisar, Naila

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Education

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13475/1/Theses%20Naila%20Nisar%20Reg.%20086199001.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725026237

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The objectives of the study were to investigate the study habits, socio-economic status of students'' parents, school climate and academic achievement of students studying at secondary schools.it was also aimed to explore the relationship among these variables. Study also assessed the difference in study habits by gender and by locale about Study habits. The objectives of the study were to: a) survey the study habits of secondary school students in public schools of Punjab, .b) survey the climate of public secondary schools in Punjab, c) find out how socio economic status and school climate influence students'' study habits at secondary school level, d) investigate how socio economic status, school climate, and study habits of students determine their academic achievement at secondary school level. The major research questions of the study were: a) What are the prevailing study habits of secondary school male and female students in rural and urban schools? b) What are the patterns of school climate in public secondary schools? c) How study habits are influenced by socio economic status and school climate? d) How parents‘ socio economic status, school climate, and study habits determine students'' academic achievement? The researcher used a mixed method research design (quantitative and qualitative) to examine the relationship of variables. Three instruments were used namely, "Study Skills Inventory", "School Climate Student Questionnaire", and questionnaire for socio-economic status of parents and demographic information. Information about students‘ academic achievement was taken from their Secondary School Certificate Examination. Interview method was used to interview critical cases. The population of the study was all students studying in class 10th at public sector schools of Punjab Province. The sample (1500 students from sixty schools) was drawn by using multistage sampling technique from five districts of Punjab province of Pakistan. The data were collected by administering the questionnaires to students in their classes. The students'' responses were measured and relationship between study habits school climate and socio economic status was also explored. Later on effect of study habits school climate and socio economic status on students` achievement was examined. Computations were made using SPSS-20 software package. Along with mean score and standard deviation (SD), t test, effect size, One-way ANOVA and Pearson r correlation and regression were used to analyze and interpret data. It was found that gender; locale, parents'' socio economic status and school climate have impact on students'' study habits. The study also explored parents'' socio economic status and school climate and students'' study habits have impact on students'' academic achievement at secondary school level. In the light of conclusions it was recommended that the enhancement of school climate and development of good study habits focus on better academic results.
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مولوی ضیاء الحسن علوی

ضیاء الحسن علوی مرحوم
افسوس کہ میرے رفیق قدیم اور صدیق حمیم مولوی ضیاء الحسن صاحب علوی ندوی نے ایک مختصر علالت کے بعد ۱۴؍ جون ۱۹۴۵؁ء کو الہ آباد میں جہاں وہ عربی مدرسوں کے انسپکٹر اور مشرقی امتحانوں کے رجسٹرار تھے ستاون برس کی عمر میں وفات پائی، اس حادثہ کی اطلاع مجھے ۱۸؍ جون کو لکھنو میں اسی مدرسہ میں ملی جہاں میں اور مرحوم مل کر ایک جان دو قالب ہوئے تھے، افسوس کہ ایک قالب خالی ہوگیا، اور دوسرا نیم جان موجود ہے، مرحوم مجھ سے عمر میں تقریباً پانچ برس چھوٹے (گو تعلیم کے درجہ میں وہ ایک سال بڑے تھے) اس لئے بظاہر امید یہی تھی کہ انہی کو میری جدائی کا صدمہ برداشت کرنا پڑے گا، مگر تقدیر یہی تھی کہ مجھے ان کے فراق کا غم سہنا پڑے اس لئے امید غلط ثابت ہوئی، اور تقدیر کا فرمان نافذ ہوکر رہا۔
اکنوں چہ تواں کرد کہ تقدیر چنیں بود
مرحوم کا کوری ضلع لکھنؤ کے مشہور علوی خاندان کے چشم و چراغ تھے، دارلعلوم ندوۃ العلماء کے حامیوں بلکہ بانیوں میں رؤساء کا جو طبقہ شامل تھا، ان میں منشی محمد اطہر علی صاحب مرحوم کا نام بہت جلی ہے، یہ خاندان قطب وقت حضرت مولانا شاہ فضل الرحمان صاحب گنج مراد آبادی رحمتہ اﷲ علیہ کا ارادتمند و معتقد تھا، جو ندوہ کی تحریک کے روحانی مرکز و مدار تھے، اس لئے جب ۱۸۹۸؁ء (۱۳۱۶؁ھ) میں لکھنو میں ندوہ کا دارالعلوم کھلا تو منشی صاحب مرحوم نے اس درس گاہ کو اپنے سب سے چھوٹے بچے اور ایک ننھے بھتیجے کو نذر کیا، یہی ننھا بھتیجا مولوی ضیاء الحسن صاحب علوی ندوی تھے، دارالعلوم کے طلبہ کے داخلہ میں ان کا نمبر شاید دوسرا تیسرا تھا، عربی کی پوری تعلیم یہیں حاصل کی اور یہیں سے فراغت...

Academic Research on Non- Muslim Religious Minorities Content analysis of the Research papers from a Pakistani Perspective

This study aims to examine research papers on religious minorities to determine their issues, rights, and privileges in Pakistan. In a civilized society, everyone has basic rights regardless of race, color, or religion. Everyone has cultural, political, religious, and constitutional freedom in a peaceful society. In general, it is perceived that, in Pakistan, followers of other religions than Islam are not given their essential rights, especially regarding their religious rights. To secure minority participation in decision-making, they may reserve seats in administration and parliament, organize national and local minority consultative organizations, and provide cultural or territorial autonomy. In the context of Pakistan, the school curriculum and state policies are viewed as the primary causes of prejudice against minorities. However, numerous other elements may contribute to the establishment of attitudes about them. Therefore, in order to reveal and appropriately address the issue, this study will use qualitative research methodology with an analytical research approach. Rights, issues, and problems of minorities have been a matter of concern to various scholars, states, and societies throughout history and in the contemporary era too. The study suggests that there should be made awareness at the grassroots level and the removal of obstacles to the greater good of humanity.

Antecedents of Brand Extension Success in Glocalization: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis

This research is focused on finding whether brand extension strategy can be used in this glocalized markets and what are the antecedents (Mediating and Moderating variables) of successful brand extension? Glocalization has become a serious concern for managers that they have to manage the global brands with local trends and local brands in the global trends. Brand extension is a strategy in which new products can be launched under existing brand name due to which multinational and local firms expects that their consumers will respond to the product either positively or negatively because they are already familiar of the existing brand name or the parent brand. Two actual real time brands one representing close extension and other an example of distance extension has been used in this research and the sample respondents have been selected in a way that it is a good representation of population. No such broad and empirical research on brand extension in Pakistani context has been carried out. The independent variables used in this study are (1) Consumer Perceived Brand Concept, (2) Brand Image (3) Brand loyalty (4) Brand Evangelist (5) Parent Brand Conviction (6) Perceived Risk of unknown (7) Marketing support (8) Parent Brand Experience (9) Consumer Perceived Fit and dependent variable was Successful brand extension evaluation. Self developed questionnaire with items adapted from various past studies was self administrated among the sample respondents by simple random sampling. For close (Sufi Frozen Food) extension 464 sample respondents filled questionnaire. For Distance (Guard Rice) extension 432 respondents filled out questionnaire. Questionnaire was distributed outside famous big retail grocery stores like Agha‟s , Naheed, Chaseup and Imtiaz store located in Clifton Schon Circle, Shaheed-e-Millat Road and KPT Interchange respectively. 27 hypotheses were formulated for Close and Distance extensions. Data screening was performed on the data collected like Missing values, Aberrant values, detecting outliers (Mahalanobis distance) from the respondents, Normality test and questionnaire reliability. Cronbach Alpha was taken out of 37 question items and instrument revealed reliability with score greater than 0.6. Hierarchical regression, Single Mediation, Multi mediation (Sobel Test, Preacher & Hayes test) and Moderation analysis were applied to test the hypotheses. After test run lot of new concepts have unfold which are important to know before one opts for brand extension strategy in the glocal market context. Results reveal previous parent brand image built does not affect the consumer evaluation and hence managers should not worry about the past positive or negative image while deciding to use brand extension strategy for close or distance extension for brand development. Perceived Risk of Unknown as moderator does not moderate the relationship between Brand Image and Success of Brand Extension Evaluation. It means that these days consumers in Pakistan are not worried to put their money on unknown brand.