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Home > Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Satisfaction With Political Participation Among Women Councilors in District Faisalabad.

Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Satisfaction With Political Participation Among Women Councilors in District Faisalabad.

Thesis Info

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Author

Nawaz, Sadia

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Sociology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11566/1/Sadia%20nawaz%20rural%20sociology%202019%20uaf%20fslbd%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725027779

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This study was conducted to examine the socio-economic, demographic, cultural and political factors which affect the satisfaction and development through political involvement as women councilors. Women councilors at three levels namely union council, town council and district council were eligible respondents. The universe of the study was limited to district Faisalabad of the Punjab province. Quantitative approach was used in this study.Total sample size was 352 women councilors. In this study, 83% of the sample was drawn from union council, 8.5% from the town/tehsil council and 8.5% from district council. At the third stage of the sampling, respondents were selected by employing systematic random sampling technique. Data was analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multiple linear regression analysis through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study concluded that majority of women councilors were residing in urban areas and possessed their own houses. Most of them were living in nuclear family system and most had large family size. Majority of them had an arrange marriage. Majority was illiterate and professionally unqualified, having no job. The husbands of women councilors were more educated than their wives and majority of women councilors had moderate salary. Majority of them always attended all meetings and majority of them was having knowledge and membership of monitoring committees. Most women councilors were selected on general seats and majority didn’t have any close relatives in politics. Maximum women councilors (61.4%) were not affiliated to any political party in past and most were satisfied with the 33% representativeness of women. Majority of them reached at meeting places or training centers via public transport or their own transport and most had got training on devolution. Most of the women councilors were frequently involved in the solution of the community problems and most were satisfied with the behaviour of their social surroundings. However most of the women councilors faced problems like lack of funds, non-payment of honorium, salary problem, freedom of choice, mobility and health problems, lack of financial authority, educational attainment, non-involvement in decision making, separate washroom and separate waiting room. Improvement in education and health sector was the main preference of majority of women councilors and majority argued that education and health sectors have made more improvement after implementation of local government ordinance than the other sectors. Most of the financial needs of needy were fulfilled through Zakat fund or Baitulmaal. Majority of them reported that meetings were called at any time. Majority of women councilors was motivated by the relatives to contest election. Majority of them felt no hesitation to talk with their husbands on matters like events at work, money/financial matters, children activities, future plans and community gossips/news and outing. Most of them reported that they have never listened to radio or read newspaper and mostly they watched TV to become aware of political news. Most of them possessed TV and mobile phone but majority of them did not have dish antenna, cable connection, air conditioner, room cooler, computer, telephone connection, internet connection, car/van, and refrigerator and piped natural gas. Bivariate analysis showed that women councilors residing in urban areas, living in joint family system, having low family size, moderate age, high education and more monthly income were more satisfied with political participation and they had made more development through political involvement. Similarly, womencouncilors having affiliation with political parties, having knowledge about LG ordinance and monitoring committee, having close relatives in politics and given more chances to speak were more satisfied with political participation. They made more developmental activities (such as drinking water, health related problems, availability of educational facilities, soiling/concrete of streets, street lights, sanitation management, establishment/operation of vocational centers for ladies, financial aid for poor and municipal issues in council meetings) through their political involvement. Moreover the women having more exposure to mass media, having democratic attitude of social surroundings, facing less problems in family and during duty performance, having more mobility, more decision making power and having high ownership of modern goods were more satisfied with political participation and they made more developmental activities through political involvement. In crux, higher education, professional trainings, decision making in family matters, increased respondents’ husband education, democratic attitude of male councilors and provision of incentives like payment of honorarium, daily allowance, training allowance and transportation charges increases women participation in politics related professional activities, their satisfaction and development through political involvement.
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کوئی بھی درمیاں حائل نہیں ہے

کوئی بھی درمیاں حائل نہیں ہے
بظاہر اب کوئی مشکل نہیں ہے

مجھے لگتا ہے یاں پہ ایک پتھر
ترے سینے میں جیسے دل نہیں ہے

محبت کیا ہے بس نقصان دل کا
سوائے غم کے کچھ حاصل نہیں ہے

طبیعت کو نہ جانے کیا ہوا ہے
کہ بھاتی اب کوئی محفل نہیں ہے

مرے قاتل ہیں میرے یار تائبؔ
زمانہ تو مرا قاتل نہیں ہے

التعليل النحوي عند ابن بابشاذ في كتابه شرح المحسبة (فصل الاسم أنموذجاً)

لقد استقصى النحاة العلة في كلام العرب مستنبطين ذلك من كلام العرب وأقيستهم، ومن بين النحويين ابن بابشاذ الذي تناول العلة في كتابه (شرح المقدمة المحسبة)،إذ ميز البحثُ اسلوب ابن بابشاذ التعليمي بتضمين فصول الكتاب بالعلة على مختلف أقسام الكلام كالأسماء و الأفعال والحروف، والذي اقتصر هنا على فصل الاسم وبيان علله المتنوعة كعلة التثنية والعوض والمعادلة وآمن اللبس، وعلة النظير، والخفة، والثقل، والاحتراز، ونظير تعليله في المقدمة رفع المثنى بالألف رفعاً دون الواو وذلك؛ للفصل بين التثنية والجمع، فأصبحت العلة لديه علة (فرق)، وهذا ما يسري على أنواع الأسماء وأنواع العلل. واستُنبطت العلة وفق المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، والذي تمَّ عبرهُ تمييز العلل وبيان فائدتها النحوية، وللراغب في تسليط الضوء على بقية فصول مقدمة المحسبة سيظفر على دراسة هادفة وجادة بين دفتي المقدمة لابن بابشاذ.

Molecular Characterization of Inharited Retinitis Pigmentosum

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal eye diseases caused by the gradual loss of the photoreceptor cells. The present study was initiated to elucidate the molecular characterization of inherited retinitis pigmentosum in Pakistani population. The relatively high degree of consanguinity in Pakistani families makes the population a valuable resource to investigate the genetic basis of autosomal recessive RP (arRP). To explore the pathogenic mutations responsible for arRP, 50 consanguineous families affected with arRP were identified and enrolled through Eye hospitals from Punjab and Sind provinces of Pakistan. After genomic DNA extraction from the white blood cells, an exclusion linkage analysis of 25 families for reported genes/loci were completed by short tandem repeat markers labeled with fluorescence. During exclusion analysis, seven families were found linked to reported genes and loci. Two families PKRP259 and PKRP268 were found linked with TULP1, one family PKRP262 was found linked with RP1, one family PKRP264 was linked with PDE6B, one family PKRP235 was found linked with RPE65 and two families PKRP031 and PKRP224 were found linked to chromosome 1p21.3-p13.3 harboring RP32 locus. Mutational analysis of these four genes identified a novel missense mutation (c.1561C>T; p.Pro521Ser) in PKRP259, a splice site mutation (c.1495+4A>C; p.Pro499Argfs104*) in PKRP268, a splice site mutation (c.787+1G>A; p.Ile263Asnfs8*) in PKRP262, a novel deletion mutation (c.243delG; p.Arg82Alafs68*) in PKRP264 and a novel deletion mutation (c.361delT; p.Ser121Leufs6*) in PKRP235. The next-generation whole-exome sequencing (WES) is a powerful technique for gene discovery and identification of pathogenic mutation. The WES of one affected member from family PKRP030 identified a missense mutation (c.75C>A; p.Asp25Glu) in the CLCC1 gene. Bi-directional Sanger sequencing of CLCC1 gene in two additional families (PKRP031 and PKRP224) identified the same missense mutation (c.75C>A; p.Asp25Glu) which was identified in family PKRP030 by WES.