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Home > Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Satisfaction With Political Participation Among Women Councilors in District Faisalabad.

Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Satisfaction With Political Participation Among Women Councilors in District Faisalabad.

Thesis Info

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Author

Nawaz, Sadia

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Sociology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11566/1/Sadia%20nawaz%20rural%20sociology%202019%20uaf%20fslbd%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725027779

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This study was conducted to examine the socio-economic, demographic, cultural and political factors which affect the satisfaction and development through political involvement as women councilors. Women councilors at three levels namely union council, town council and district council were eligible respondents. The universe of the study was limited to district Faisalabad of the Punjab province. Quantitative approach was used in this study.Total sample size was 352 women councilors. In this study, 83% of the sample was drawn from union council, 8.5% from the town/tehsil council and 8.5% from district council. At the third stage of the sampling, respondents were selected by employing systematic random sampling technique. Data was analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multiple linear regression analysis through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study concluded that majority of women councilors were residing in urban areas and possessed their own houses. Most of them were living in nuclear family system and most had large family size. Majority of them had an arrange marriage. Majority was illiterate and professionally unqualified, having no job. The husbands of women councilors were more educated than their wives and majority of women councilors had moderate salary. Majority of them always attended all meetings and majority of them was having knowledge and membership of monitoring committees. Most women councilors were selected on general seats and majority didn’t have any close relatives in politics. Maximum women councilors (61.4%) were not affiliated to any political party in past and most were satisfied with the 33% representativeness of women. Majority of them reached at meeting places or training centers via public transport or their own transport and most had got training on devolution. Most of the women councilors were frequently involved in the solution of the community problems and most were satisfied with the behaviour of their social surroundings. However most of the women councilors faced problems like lack of funds, non-payment of honorium, salary problem, freedom of choice, mobility and health problems, lack of financial authority, educational attainment, non-involvement in decision making, separate washroom and separate waiting room. Improvement in education and health sector was the main preference of majority of women councilors and majority argued that education and health sectors have made more improvement after implementation of local government ordinance than the other sectors. Most of the financial needs of needy were fulfilled through Zakat fund or Baitulmaal. Majority of them reported that meetings were called at any time. Majority of women councilors was motivated by the relatives to contest election. Majority of them felt no hesitation to talk with their husbands on matters like events at work, money/financial matters, children activities, future plans and community gossips/news and outing. Most of them reported that they have never listened to radio or read newspaper and mostly they watched TV to become aware of political news. Most of them possessed TV and mobile phone but majority of them did not have dish antenna, cable connection, air conditioner, room cooler, computer, telephone connection, internet connection, car/van, and refrigerator and piped natural gas. Bivariate analysis showed that women councilors residing in urban areas, living in joint family system, having low family size, moderate age, high education and more monthly income were more satisfied with political participation and they had made more development through political involvement. Similarly, womencouncilors having affiliation with political parties, having knowledge about LG ordinance and monitoring committee, having close relatives in politics and given more chances to speak were more satisfied with political participation. They made more developmental activities (such as drinking water, health related problems, availability of educational facilities, soiling/concrete of streets, street lights, sanitation management, establishment/operation of vocational centers for ladies, financial aid for poor and municipal issues in council meetings) through their political involvement. Moreover the women having more exposure to mass media, having democratic attitude of social surroundings, facing less problems in family and during duty performance, having more mobility, more decision making power and having high ownership of modern goods were more satisfied with political participation and they made more developmental activities through political involvement. In crux, higher education, professional trainings, decision making in family matters, increased respondents’ husband education, democratic attitude of male councilors and provision of incentives like payment of honorarium, daily allowance, training allowance and transportation charges increases women participation in politics related professional activities, their satisfaction and development through political involvement.
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آیاتِ استفہام اور فہمِ ایمانیات

ایمان باللہ یہ ہے کہ انسان بغیر کسی شک و شبہ کے اپنی ذات کو اللہ کے حوالے کردے اور مرنے کے بعد دوبارہ اٹھائے جانے کو تسلیم کرلے اور خدا کے سامنے اپنے ہر قول و فعل کا پنے آپ کو جوابدہ سمجھے، اسی طرح فرشتوں کی ہستی کو ان کی معصوم اور قدستی صفت مانتے ہوئے تسلیم کرے، ان کو امین اور معتمد مانے، ان کو اللہ کی ہدایت لانے والا تسلیم کرے، ایمان بالکتب میں اللہ تبارک و تعالیٰ کے اتارے ہوئے صحیفوں کو حق و باطل کی کسوٹی سمجھے اور ہدایت کا ذریعہ مانتے ہوئے زندگی میں اس کی رہنمائی پر پورا پورا اعتماد کرے۔ انبیاء کرام کو خدا کی طرف سے مامور اور واجب الاطاعت مانے، ان کے علم کو بے خطا سمجھتے ہوئے ان کے عمل کو اپنی زندگی کے لئے اسوہ قرار دے اور ان کی اتباع، اطاعت اور محبت کو لازم جانے، انہی چیزوں پر ایمان لانے ہماری زندگی مؤثر اور فعال حقیقت بنتی ہے۔ ایمان بالملائکہ، ایمان بالکتب، ایمان بالانبیاء یہ سب ایک دوسرے سے اتصال رکھنے کی کڑیاں ہیں، ان میں سے ایک کا بھی انکار کرنے والا مؤمن نہیں ہوسکتا۔

اسلام کی بنیاد عقیدہ توحید پر ہے جو کہ ارکان اسلام کا سب سے پہلا رکن ہے نوع انسانی کی دنیوی اور اخروی زندگی کی کامیابی کا انحصار کفر و شرک کی نفی اور توحید کے مکمل اثبات پر ہے اسی اہمیت کے پیشِ نظر اللہ عزوجل نے ہر دور میں اپنا قاصد ( رسول) بھیجا تاکہ وہ انسانوں کو توحید کا پیغام پہنچائے اور اللہ کو چھوڑ کر غیر اللہ کی عبادت سے منع فرمائے اسی لئے اللہ تبارک وتعالیٰ نے ارشاد فرمایا:

"وَلٰكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ اٰمَنَ بِاللہِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْاٰخِرِ وَالْمَلٰۗىِٕكَۃِ وَالْكِتٰبِ وَالنَّبِيّٖنَ"۔[[1]]

"بلکہ نیکی یہ ہے...

بچوں کی جسمانی سزا کا اسلام، بائبل اور عصر حاضر کے نظریات کی روشنی میں جائزہ

Upbringing of children is a significant job which is carried out at homes, day care centers, formal and informal schools or institutions. Proper and socially acceptable change in the behavior of young children is needed in every society as per the social, cultural, regional and religious requirements. Different viewpoints are expressed in this regard especially about the use of corporal punishment in upbringing of children. This viewpoint is supported by some people while opposed by other at the same time. Islamic and Bible literature also provides guidance on this subject. The current paper deals with the Corporal punishment of children from the Islamic, Bible and contemporary points of view. Keywords: Bible, Islam, Contemporary Era, Corporal Punishmen

Inter Relation of Tuberculosis With Selected Infectious and Metabolic Disorders

The world health organisation (WHO) reported that Pakistan ranks fifth among highest tuberculosis (TB) burden countries. The present study was carried out on 366 cases, including 52% females and 48% males. The results showed that a higher percentage of patients with TB were between 16 to 30 years, having a body weight between 41 to 50 kg, in married, in uneducated people, having a high school education and in house wives. Out of 258 patients, 24% were diabetic, 17.8% were co-morbid with hepatitis C virus (HCV), 4.2% with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 3.4% also had myocardial infarction. The TB patients revealed an increase in white blood cell counts (WBCs), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and urea, while decrease in packed cell volume (PCV), eosinophils and immunoglobulin-G (IgG). The TB+ diabetes co- morbid group showed increases in WBCs, ESR, globulins, alanine transaminase (ALT), ALP, glucose, IgG and immunoglobulin-M (IgM), while a decrease in PCV, haemoglobin (Hb), eosinophil, albumin and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. The TB+ hepatitis co-morbid group showed increases in monocyte, ESR, ALT, ALP and IgG, while a decrease in PCV, Hb and eosinophil. The TB+HIV co-morbid group revealed an increase in ALP, IgG and IgM, while a decrease in monocyte and eosinophil. TB+ myocardial infarcted group showed increase in WBCs, neutrophil, ESR, serum proteins, globulin, ALP, serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), creatinine kinase-MB (CKMB), creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine and urea, while decrease in platelets (PLT) and lymphocyte. TB + diabetes + hepatitis C co-morbid cases showed increase in WBCs, ESR, bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, glucose, serum creatinine, serum urea, IgG, IgM, potassium and phosphorous, while a decrease in RBCs, PCV, Hb and eosinophil. TB + hepatitis C+AIDS co-morbid group showed increases in lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, ALP, IgG and IgM, while a decrease in PCV, PLT and neutrophil. The prevalence of drug resistance by proportion method was 45.7%. Out of 118 drug resistant isolates, 61.02% were resistant to isoniazid (INH), 59.32% to ethambutol (EMB), 41.53% to streptomycin (SM), 5.08% to ofloxacin (OFX) and 49.15% were MDR detected by proportion method, while 31.36% isolates were resistant to INH, 22.03% to EMB, 17.08% to SM, 2.54% to OFX and 18.64% were MDR by PCR-RFLP. The consensus sequence alignment of three strains of KatG gene showed mutation at codon 282, 286, 279, 309 and 427. The change at codon 279 was observed in all the strains which added restriction site for MspI. The embB 306 showed mutation at codon 299, 300, while embB 497 at codon 70, 71, 76 and 78. The gyrA showed point mutation at codon 70, 71, 76, 78 and 95. It can be concluded from the present study that 24% TB patients were diabetic, 17.8% were co-morbid with hepatitis C, 4.2% with HIV and 3.4% also had myocardial infarction and 45.7% of cases were drug resistant.