Research on Learning Strategies in Arabic Language Education

The learning of Arabic language like any other foreign language contains four main aspects; reading, writing, speaking and understanding while listening.[i] This learning process can be enhanced if the most appropriate Learning Strategy is used. In this paper the most appropriate Learning Strategy of Arabic Language is suggested. The course outlines for Arabic language are thoroughly studied and several professors and experts of Arabic Language from Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Sudan are interviewed. The author, who himself has vast experience in teaching Arabic language, also had the opportunity to sit in the Arabic language classes to observe various strategies and methodologies adopted by different professors while teaching Arabic. In this paper the time spent on teaching Arabic to the students is also discussed. The appropriate size of the class room i.e, the number of students in Arabic language class also matters in improving the quality of Arabic among the students. The matter of teaching Arabic in Arabic only or in the native language of the students will also be touched in here. As the time has changed and the world is moving ahead on a fast pace, it seems necessary to apply the “Direct Method” while teaching Arabic or any foreign language.[ii] This paper will shed light on what is meant by “Direct Method”. The idea of making the student sit and memorize the dry rules of grammar has become obsolete. The idea of telling the student what part of the phrase is subject or predicate, or what is object and what is a noun or verb, may come later. The idea of memorizing the bulk of new vocabulary in the beginning can also be postponed. Hence a paradigm shift is needed here while talking about the Methodology of Teaching Arabic Language, under the heading of “Direct Method”.   [i]     Muhammad Abdul Khaliq, Professor of Arabic and co-author of 'al-Arabia baina Yadaik'. The author of this research paper had a personal interview with him on 21.03.2014, in the Institute of Arabic Language, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [ii]    This method is adopted roughly by some great scholars of Arabic language like Dr. V. Abdur Rahim who taught Arabic language for decades in the Islamic University of Madina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The author was fortunate to meet with him many times and get benefitted from his experience. See for details: Abdurrahim, V. (1999), Arabic Course for English-Speaking Students, Leicester: UK Islamic Academy. See also: Abdullah, F. Ibrahim. (1999), Iqra Arabic Reader. Chicago: Iqra International Educational Foundation. Moreover see: Fawzan, Abdurrahman and others. (2004), Al-Arabia Baina Yadaik, Riyadh: Ministry of Education.

A Quantitative Study on Chromotherapy

We suggest a new phenomenon of ‘charge quantization’, .i.e., hQ due to absorption of photon energies in water molecules. When water molecules absorb photon energies at different wavelengths in the visible region, they become charged. We infer that the absorbed photon energies in water molecules are the manifest of quantum mechanical behavior i.e., the quantum mechanical dipole moment leads to the phenomena of ‘charge quantization’. Coagulated water molecules produce a geometrical shape .i.e., pentagon, hexagon, hectagon and nonagon with molecules having same frequency of any visible range radiation (colour). These geometrical structures in charged (chromotized) water influences the migration rate of the ions, salts, etc. within intra macromolecular cells. According to the doctrine of chromotherapy visible range electromagnetic radiations (colours) generate electrical impulses and magnetic currents or field of energy that are prime activators of the bio- chemical and hormonal processes in the human body. We have successfully developed recursive relationship for ‘Fractional Quantum states’ and associated energy eigen values, thus providing a scientific ground for chromotherapy. It proves the conjecture as well as it provides scientific evidence to the phenomenon of ‘charge quantization’, as theoretical values are in agreement with the experimental results. We obtained an energy eigen function for ‘Fractional Quantum energy states’ and with normalization of eigen functions, achieved the probability density for the existence of fractional quantum states for hydrochromotherapy. Energy in the form of ‘charge quantization’ is absorbed in fractional discrete states. We also studied the effect of absorption (in vitro) of visible range radiations within the enzyme solutions including glucose oxidase, lipase, cholesterol oxidase + esterase and super oxide dismutase in order to confirm the changes produced in human body after chromotherapy. Results revealed that each enzyme responded to different wavelengths, to lower their activation energies, thereby increasing its activity, .i.e., glucose oxidase to 464nm (purple color), cholesterol esterase + oxidase and lipase to 400 nm (violet color) and super oxide dismutase responded to 644 nm (red colour). We presented a case history of cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with chromotherapy. This seems to be an effective and new method of treatment using only visible range radiations of different wavelengths with no apparent side-effects. Red colour therapy may be used as the alternative treatment for curing the ulcers of cutaneous Leishmaniasis. The wavelength-dependency of chromotherapy effects on cutaneous leishmaniasis parasite reproductivity and growth was investigated. Chromotherapy uses visible range radiations to improve healing; however its effects on parasite are not well understood. Leishmania Tropica was irradiated using seven (7) different wavelengths of visible region. Optical density was observed, which showed that red colour (644nm) wavelength inhibited the reproduction of parasite while other colour wavelengths also affected the growth of parasite.