Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > Study of Gender Discrimination in Higher Education and Related Opportunities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Study of Gender Discrimination in Higher Education and Related Opportunities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Kareem, Uzma

Program

PhD

Institute

Gomal University

City

Dera Ismail Khan

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Sociology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11554/1/Uzma%20Karim_Edu_2019_Gomal.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725053347

Similar


The situation of provision of higher education to females and any potholes therein was judged in this research study. It aimed to know whether the females of KPK are being allowed equal participation in the field of the higher education, if not, what are factors that lead to this inequity? Whether gender discrimination in higher education is an independent phenomenon or does it affect other areas. What happens when the females enter the practical life after crossing all hurdles and graduate from the higher education institutes? What are the lost opportunities and missed benefits that result due to discriminatory attitudes towards female higher education?Using mixed method research, involving concurrent triangulation strategy, data was collected using multiple research instruments; questionnaire and departmental records for quantitative method and interviews, and researchers’ diaries for qualitative method. All the students and parents of students admitted in higher education institutes as well as all the faculty members of these institutes were used as population for the quantitative analysis. Following a step by step data collection process, the researcher collected quantitative information from the stakeholders using simple random sampling technique. 8 universities were randomly selected out of 21 HEC recognized public universities. 240 students, parents and faculty members were randomly selected form these 8 universities taking the data producing sample to 720. All the female graduates of higher education institutions who are on-the-job as well as stay-at-home housewives were taken as population for qualitative analysis. Purposive sampling procedure was adopted by the researcher in order to select the required sample from 8 districts where the randomly selected universities were located. 2 on the job ladies and 1 stay-at-home housewife were thus selected from each district. Taking the data producing sample to 24. The unique and conventional social setup of KPK points out toward home and socio-cultural environment as the two most decisive factors leading to gender discrimination and unfair treatment with the females in getting higher education. Poverty, low parental education, son- preference, and early marriages were the home related factors that result in the present gender discrimination in higher education. The stakeholders abstained from giving their views about the role of religious factors leading to gender discrimination. High level of difference was found in this ratio thus leading to discrimination within the institutions. The admission records showed very low female enrollments in many areas. Analysis of data showed strong negative correlation existing between the level of discrimination within the higher education institutes and the Human Development Index (HDI) of the area. Higher the level of discrimination at the institutes, lesser the HDI of the area and vice versa.Qualitative analysis of data of this study show discrimination in many fields related to higher education. Females graduating from higher education institutes and working at various institutes face many difficulties; finding the right job according to their qualifications, on-thejob difficulties like lesser wages, more work, lack of fringe benefits, sexual harassment, gender unfriendly work environment. It was found that majority of the on-the-job ladies observed purdah almost all of whom considered it to create a sense of confidence and security within them, done due to religious obligations and not due to any social pressure.Educated stay-at-home house wives complained of low confidence and self-esteem levels and lack of exposure and financial dependence leading to lower social status within the household most of whom were willing to compromise their position in favor of a job and financial independence. This study suggests prioritizing the efforts to solve the problem. All the effected parties need to join hands and look for solutions. A systematic plan of action needs to be developed in order to find solution to the menace of gender discrimination in higher education. Education is the cure of all the evils. The society needs a sound primary and secondary base for the females to have a strong foothold. Gender friendly education environment at the higher education institutes needs to be created. Employment policies with equal gender representation should be developed. The NGOs, local bodies representatives, education policy developers and implementers and most important of all the people of the community are required to come together and remove the hurdles in the way of female higher education so that they can play their much-desired role in the economic development of the country.
Loading...
Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...