The attitude towards learning and motivation of learners is an important factor in which teachers play a crucial role. This is important more so in learning of a foreign or second language. This study is concerned with how teachers and learners perceive teachers‘ motivational behaviour and what impact it has on the learners‘ attitude and motivation towards learning to communicate in English language. To this end, a questionnaire was developed based on Dornyei and Csizer‘s (1998) Motivational Strategies Orientation of Language Teaching (MOLT), observation scheme developed by Guilloteaux & Dornyei (2008), and Dornyei‘s (2001) process-oriented model of motivational teacher practice ‗Motivational Strategies Questionnaire‘ (Cheng & Dornyei, 2007), available on his personal website. The items selected for both teachers and learners were made part of the classroom observation checklist to ascertain if particular behaviour of teachers and learners in the language classrooms occurs that determine learners‘ attitude and motivation towards learning oral communication of English language. The study took place at City University of Science and IT, Peshawar (CUSIT) and Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar (IMS). The questionnaires were administered to learners (N-175) and teachers (N-12). There were four open-ended questions incorporated in the teachers‘ questionnaire to further add some in depth information, which the close-ended questionnaire could not cover. The participants were undergraduate students, both male and female, of Management Science, Computer Sciences, Engineering and Education taking the course of Freshman English 1, 2, 3 and Functional English. At the end of the study, the collected data was analysed through descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA and Dummy variable by using SPSS. The results showed that the student participants expressed their weak satisfaction over their teachers‘ motivational teaching practices while the teachers perceived their teaching practices on a higher level strongly believing them to be the source for the learners‘ positive attitude and motivation towards speaking skill. It is recommended that there is a need to fill that gap between teachers and learners to ascertain the smooth learning of English language. There is a need to motivate learners to engage in different and interesting communicative activities so that a confidence level in the learners could be increased. As the KP learners are highly attached to Pashto language and its culture, so playing videos of the culture of the target language could be highly beneficial for the learners of KP. The learners should be encouraged to communicate in the target language so that hesitation in communicating in the target language could be minimized.
آہ! پروفیسر ضیاء الحسن فاروقی پروفیسر ضیاء الحسن فاروقی کے انتقال کی خبر یکم اگست کو ۱۲ بجے شب میں سنی تو یقین نہیں ہوا، علی الصباح جناب عبداللطیف اعظمی کو فون کیا گیا تو انہوں نے بتایا کہ یہ حادثہ جاں کاہ ۳۰؍ جولائی کی شب میں پیش آیا اور ۳۱؍ کو دوپہر بعد تدفین ہوئی، میرے لیے یہ خبر ناقابل برداشت تھی، اپنے دل کا بوجھ ہلکا کرنے کے لیے ان کے دونوں صاحبزادوں کو خطوط لکھے، اس پر بھی تاب لائے نہ بنی تو ۸؍ اگست کو دہلی ان کے دولت کدہ پر تعزیت کے لیے حاضر ہوا، لیکن اب بھی تسکین دلِ محزوں نہیں ہورہی ہے اور بے چینی اور اضطراب کا وہی عالم ہے۔ مجھ سے پوچھو نہ مزاج دل نا شاد ابھی میرے نغموں میں ہے کچھ تلخی فریاد ابھی ابھی ۱۸؍ جولائی کو مجلس تحقیقات و نشریات لکھنو کے جلسے میں ان سے ملاقات ہوئی تھی تو میں نے عرض کی تھی کہ اعظم گڈھ تشریف لے چلیں، پہلے تو حسب عادت مسکرائے پھر کہا ۲۰؍ کودہلی واپسی کا ریزرویشن کراچکا ہوں، میں ڈھائی بجے دن میں ان سے رخصت ہونے لگا تو یہ کہہ کر مجھے روکنا چاہا کہ ’’ارے بڑی سخت دھوپ ہے‘‘۔ ٹھہر بھی جا در ساقی پہ دو گھڑی کے لیے تمام عمر پڑی ہے رداروی کے لیے مگرمیں یہ اشارہ غیبی نہ سمجھ سکا کہ چند روز بعد کبھی نہ واپس ہونے والے سفر سے ان کا ریزرویشن ہوچکا ہے اور اپنی دھن میں روانہ ہوگیا، مجھے کیا خبر تھی کہ ع انیس دم کا بھروسہ نہیں ٹھہر جاؤ۔ اور بس عالم ناسوت میں یہ ان سے آخری ملاقات ہے، اس کے بعد ان کا روئے روشن اور رخِ زیبا دیکھنا نصیب نہ ہوگا، اور صرف حسرت ہی حسرت رہ جائے گی۔ حیف در چشم...
Background and Aim: The objective of the research is to investigate the impact of lifestyle habits on subjective wellbeing in the presence of role of regulatory emotion self-efficacy as a mediator. Vital for wellbeing, longevity, productivity, relationships, and general quality of life in all areas is a healthy lifestyle.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study has been conducted for 271 Students had been selected as respondents. Smart Pls has been used for calculating the reliability, validity of questionnaire and as well as hypothesis testing.
Results: Food disorder, healthcare anxiety, regulatory emotional self-efficacy have direct and indirect significant impact on subjective well-being. But sleeping disorder has showed the direct and indirect insignificant impact on subjective well-being.
Limitation and Future Implications: Because of time constraints, a lack of comprehension of the research, and a healthy lifestyle people are not aware of health benefits, they had less knowledge about it and were hesitant about a discussion.
Originality: The role of regulatory emotion self-efficacy has not been used as a mediator during the relationship of lifestyle habits and subjective well-being.
Conclusion: Subjective well-being is defined as gratification and satisfaction with one’s life. Regular physical activity is important in order to enhance the self-efficacy and emotional well-being. Good nutrients and a balanced diet provide a person with enough energy to carry out the tasks of daily life effectively.
issertation Title: Impact of Authentic Leadership on Perceived Organizational Performance: A Moderated Mediation Effect of Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision Making. Leadership in organizations, organizational performance and behavioral ethics remained matter of great concern for academicians and researchers. The philosophy of leadership styles plays an important role in Perceived Organizational Performance. The objective of this research study was to discover relationship between Authentic Leadership and Perceived Organizational Performance through Moderated Mediation Effect of Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision Making. It is pragmatic that banking service organizations in Pakistan are facing hard-hitting competition, particularly in Hazara Region of KP province. Prior to research in hand no empirical study conducted in the context of Authentic Leadership, Perceived Organizational Performance, Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision-Making models in combination. This research uncovered facets of Authentic Leadership and Perceived Organizational Performance with other variables by adopting scales from different cultures. Survey was conducted in a noncontrived setting using objectively developed questionnaire. Selected sample of 600 line, middle and top-level managers has taken from 134 units of the 10 conveniently selected public and private sector banks performing businesses in three districts Haripur, Abbottabad and Mansehra of Hazara Region, KP, Pakistan. Hypothesises were tested to meet requirements of research model. The validity and reliability examined collected data, different quantitative techniques, Factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, Correlation and Regression Analysis applied. Results revealed a positive and significant association between Authentic Leadership, Perceived Organizational Performance, Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision Making in context of banks practicing business at Hazara region of KP, Pakistan.