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The Changing Roles and Status of Women in Cholistan, Pakistan

Thesis Info

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Author

Shoukat, Aisha

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Peshawar

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Sociology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/14016/1/AISHA_SHOUKAT_Social_Work_HSR_2016_UoP_Peshawar_14.03.2018.doc

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725080318

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Social change is a natural and constant phenomenon. It also modifies function of social institutions with passage of time. Cholistan, a desert of the south west Asia, is socially and economically backward area lacking basic amenities of life. Despite of its aloofness, it has witnessed change in socio-economic roles of women. The present study “The Changing Roles and Status of Women in Cholistan, Pakistan" was designed to investigate socio economic roles of women and assess the social change in their way of life for the last over four decades. For this purpose, ethno-methodology was employed selecting 50 elderly women through experience survey and purposive sampling method. Protracted qualitative interviews and participants‟ observation technique were used for data collection. Findings showed that women in Cholistan were playing significant role in functioning of social institutions such as marriage, family, religion, economy, education and health but neither visible nor counted. As a family member, they were performing multifaceted jobs but household decision making rested in the hands of men. Marriage decision making rested with the elderly men of the family and clan. Their role was expanding from household chores to livestock care and wage labourer. They were contributing in economic activities without becoming owner of wealth and property. Women were dependent on men for knowledge and practice of religion. Women were informally educating next generation about survival skills in Cholistan and now few were getting education themselves unlike forty years back. In case of health, still problems were faced by them and were mostly dependent on home based remedies, shrines, spiritual healing and holy saying. The major change for them was the introduction of the new reproductive health facilities to some extent but they could not avail them due to cultural impediments and conservatism. The study concluded that women were living under miserable conditions due to non-recognition of their role and poor social status but rays of hope of their development also shine. With increased awareness, women were getting empowered in Cholistan as compared to past. The study suggested that availability of social services through social institutions can induce major changes in the lives of women in the Cholistan and this Pakistani experience can be a harbinger for other countries against the myth of desertification.
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حدود کے نفاذ کی ضرورت

حدود سے مراد اللہ کی حدود ہیں جن میں مداخلت اللہ کی سلطنت میں مداخلت ہے ۔ اللہ تعالیٰ نے انسانوں کو لا تعداد امور میں اپنی عقل استعمال کرنے کی اجازت دی ہے ۔ بےشمار ناپسندیدہ افعال اور جرائم ایسے ہیں جن کی سزا قاضی یا حاکم کی صوابدید پر چھوڑ دی گئی اور یوں شخصی آزادی کا اہتمام کیا گیا، لیکن کچھ افعال کو حرام قرار دینے کے بعد ان کی سزا اور اس کے متعلقات کے لیے حد کی اصطلاح خود اللہ تعالیٰ نے وضع کی ۔ زنا ، قذف ، خمر ، سرقہ، حرابہ، ارتداد اور بغی حرام ہیں اور ان کی سزائیں بھی اللہ تعالیٰ نے خود مقرر فرما دی ہیں۔ اس سے بخوبی اندازہ لگایا جا سکتا ہے کہ اللہ تعالیٰ کے نزدیک ان افعال پر سزائیں کس قدر اہم ہیں ، جیسا کہ سورۃ البقرہ میں اللہ تعالیٰ تنبیہ فرما رہے ہیں
﴿تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ۔ ﴾30
"یہ اللہ کی مقرر کردہ حدود ہیں ، ان سے تجاوز نہ کرو اور جو لوگ حدود اللہ سے تجاوز کریں، وہی ظالم ہیں۔ "
آپ ﷺ نے رحمت للعالمین اور امت پر شفیق ہونے کے باوجود حدود کے معاملے میں یوں تنبیہ فرمائی
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"خبردار ! ہر بادشاہ کی ( کوئی نہ کوئی) چراگاہ ہوتی ہے اور ( یاد رکھو) اللہ کی چراگاہ اس کے محارم ہیں۔ "
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سامى اديان ميں طریقہ طلاق

For the development of human society, when male and female get into the bond of marriage, they not only crave for having long lasting relationship but also desire it to be protected and preserved. But sometimes, the state of affairs turn out in such a way that this marital bond is vitictimized by the mutual differences and grow to such an extent that husband and wife end up in divorce. Separation of a married couple is viewed as a dreadful act in any society of the world. However, sometimes a couple is better off without this relation as a result of growing differences. Different religions have suggested different waysin this regard by explaining how husband and wife can lead a detached life. Divorce is an act which breaks the agreement of marriage. Different religions propose different laws and traditions for divorce. In this paper, we will discuss divorce laws and traditions that come under Semitic religions (Judaism,  Christianity, and Islam) in specific.

The Impact of Aku-Ied Certificates in Education Science on the Teaching Practice of a Science Teacher in a Government School

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