وقت ایک دولت ہے
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’وقت ایک دولت ہے ‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
وقت واقعی ایک دولت ہے، جس نے وقت کی رفتار کے ساتھ چلنے کا ڈھنگ سیکھ لیا وہ دولت مند بن گیا ، صاحب ثروت ہو گیا ،سلیقہ شعار ہو گیا، ہنر مند بن گیا، سعادت مند بن گیا ، اس کی تجوریاں ہیرو جواہرات سے بھر گئیں، اس کے گھر میں غربت و افلاس کے شجر سایہ دار سے خزاں آشناء ہوگئی۔
جنابِ صدر!
وقت کے صحیح استعمال سے جہاں انسان ظاہری طور پر خوشحال ہوجاتا ہے۔ وہاں اس کے باطنی خدوخال بھی سنور جاتے ہیں، اس کو روحانی تازگی میسر آتی ہے، اس کی ذہنی آسودگی کو چار چاند لگ جاتے ہیں ،اس کی پریشانیاں دور ہو جاتی ہیں اور اس کی مشکلات آسان ہو جاتی ہیں۔ وقت کی قدر کرنے والے واقعی اس دولت سے بھر پور فائدہ اٹھاتے ہیں۔
محترم صدر!
اگر کائنات کی رنگینیوں کو امعان نظر سے دیکھیں تو ہر شے وقت کی تسبیح میں پروئی ہوئی نظر آتی ہے۔ سورج اپنے وقت پرمشرق سے طلوع ہوتا اور وقت پر ہی مغرب میں غروب ہو جاتا ہے۔ ستارے اپنی روشنی بکھیرتے ہوئے آتے ہیں اور وقت پر ہی صبح نور کی بشارت دے کر رخصت ہو جاتے ہیں اللہ تعالیٰ نے کائنات کے تمام نظام کو وقت کے دھارے میں محصور کیا ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
مؤذن کی اذان وقت پر ہوتی ہے۔ خطیب کا خطبہ وقت پر ہوتا ہے۔ حج کا فیصلہ وقت پر ہوتا ہے۔ شہید کے خون کا قطرہ وقت پر گرتاہے، غازی میدان جنگ میں وقت...
Over the years, Mauritanian Moorish women have managed to have their own poetry, an oral literature known locally as "tebrāʕ" translated into French by the word "ingenuity", sometimes also "invention". It is a love poetry originally used by girls or by women in general to express feelings that social norms prevent them from manifesting publicly. Tebrāʕ is deeper than a mere female expression of passion, it is rather a social and psychological state of mind that empowers women and helps them break taboos virtually for a short period of time. This article is an analytical reading of Tebrāʕ and presents new models and ways of examining this oral literature. It tries also to answer several questions which can be summarized as follows: Can this form of poetry be considered as a female literature? The closed circle where these words are composed and pronounced, can it be considered a therapy session? And above all, what power do these women and girls derive from this practice? This article is also a study of the perception of men and women in Mauritania in relation to this oral art practice based
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common childhood cancers arising from neural crest cells. It mainly affects sympathetic nervous system but can metastasize to other organs of the body. Therapeutic approaches for neuroblastoma range from multi modal therapy to surgery. Most effective treatment is combinational approach which includes induction of remission using chemotherapeutic drugs followed by consolidation phase using stem cell approach or radiotherapy and then maintenance phase to inhibit relapse of neuroblastoma. Still, with recent researches and advancement in therapy, mortality rate of neuroblastoma is high. Resistance and adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs limit their use. Keeping this in mind there is a need of newer molecules that can effectively work against neuroblastoma with less toxicity. Here we study novel molecules belonging to terpenoids and mannich bases for their potential antineoplastic activity against SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Inhibition of growth was assessed by using MTT assay which presented all the test compounds possessed ability to halt the growth of neuroblastoma cells. PGEA-AN, PGEA-4FAN, 3FB3FA8H and 3NBOABA8H showed IC50 dose of 12.5 µM, 8.5 µM, 3.5 µM and 5 µM respectively. The test compounds were compared to cisplatin which showed the IC50 of 17 µM. Apoptosis is considered more favorable mode of death in cancer cells, we checked for apoptotic involvement in growth inhibition of test compounds. Cells treated with test compounds showed morphological signs of apoptosis and nuclear condensation was evident on microscopy which was also shown by decrease in NAF of cells. Annexin V staining confirmed that apoptosis is induced by our test compounds. On molecular level, test compounds are found to enhance the expression of P53 gene. Increase in the level of BAX gene is also observed with no significant alteration of BCL2. This leads BAX/BCL2 ratio to shift towards pro-apoptotic BAX. Cleaved caspase 3 protein is also observed to be increased which might be consequence of BAX/BCL2 shift. Involvement of P53 pathway is augmented by increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability and reactive oxygen species generation. IX Thus, based on the results of the present study, we conclude that the test compounds modulate P53 gene and induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell. Therefore, further exploration on these compounds at pre-clinical and clinical levels might give us opportunities to develop of novel potent anticancer agents for treatment against neuroblastoma.