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Home > The Impact of Perceived Service Fairness on Customer Citizenship Behaviors: the Mediating Role of Relationship Marketing

The Impact of Perceived Service Fairness on Customer Citizenship Behaviors: the Mediating Role of Relationship Marketing

Thesis Info

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Author

Khan, Waseem

Program

PhD

Institute

Iqra National University

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2020

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Marketing

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/14426/1/Waseem%20Khan%20marketing%202020%20Iqra%20national%20uni%20peshwar%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725105492

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Since late 1980’s the banking sector in Pakistan has undergone major structural changes due to financial liberalization and deregulations. This transformation has led to greater competition among financial institutions, favoring in the efficiency and competitiveness of banking sector. As a result, a greater variety and choices of products and services for customers are available while some banking institutions are offering sophisticated delivery systems and more value-added services than rivals. Likewise, banks have also come under enormous pressure to tackle the growing demands and expectations of their consumers as well as due to the shift in customer-centric regulatory paradigm towards protection of financial consumers, posing major challenge for bank to retain existing customers. These considerations converge to imply the need for more specific customer-focused strategies to build and maintain enduring bankclient relationships. Presently, the business environment surrounding banking institution is highly competitive where new clients are hard to attract at mature stage in their life cycles, hence banks must strive for establishing new revenue streams,, particularly in a situation where competition between financial establishments has intensified, banking institutions need to make various efforts to achieve differentiated competitiveness through forging sustainable relationships with customers. In terms of producers of financial services, considering the highly competitive nature of banking industry and increasingly interactive customer roles, fairness in service delivery is essential in developing and maintaining bank-client relationships. Earlier studies show that a consumer''s perception of whether a service provider has fulfilled the obligation to deliver the desired outcome and benefits associated with the service promised to consumers serve as a is a fundamental basis for sustaining and enhancing long-term customer-firm relationships. Service fairness is a multidimensional construct composed of distributive fairness, procedural fairness, informational and interactional fairness, which refers to a consumer’s perception regarding the degree of justice in a service provider’s behavior during service delivery process. Service fairness is an implicit agreement between customers with their service providers to have their needs served well and to be treated fairly according the service outcomes promised. Successful customer relationship management can be attributed to a customer’s positive evaluations of a service provider’s efforts in provision of service fairness excellence during an exchange relationship. Although banking services is recognized to encounter numerous service failure episodes there has been scant investigations in commercial banking sector of Pakistan that addressed the connection among service fairness, relationship marketing and customer engagement. Past studies in the domain relationship marketing strongly support that mutually profitable buyer-seller relationships are key to secure competitive advantage emphasizing the importance of quality and value of relationships. However, there is a lack of an integrative perspective about understanding buyer-seller relationship building process through the lens of service fairness. This research contributes to building a comprehensive understanding on how customer evaluations regarding different facets of service fairness affect bankconsumer relationship building process and lead customers to perform various citizenship behaviors, by examining empirically this relationship at multi-group level. This research study was conducted in Pakistan, using a positivist philosophical lens, data was gathered quantitively with the help of questionnaire distributed using stratified random sampling technique. The validity of survey instrument and structural paths relationships were confirmed using pilot study procedure. The results of pilot survey were very useful in validating the proposed model and measurement scales used in the study however few of the items were dropped from subsequent analysis to improve the reliability and validity of the instrument. Data was gathered from 1740 consumers of banking services located within scheduled bank branches in a single cross-section however only 1430 valid responses were subjected to further analysis. The model was assessed using partial least square based Structured Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), using Smart PLS 3.2.7 statistical software following the PLS-SEM guidelines proposed by (Jörg Henseler, Hubona, & Ray, 2017) in the field of social sciences research. As a result, the model demonstrated greater predictive response to a consumer’s assessment of service fairness. The results of this research confirmed that banking consumers commonly evaluate fairness in exchange relationships when dealing with service providers. The findings support the model’s structure and indicated that all four dimensions of service fairness determine relationship value and quality, which in turn lead customers to perform citizenship behaviors. The results show that service fairness evaluations also had direct influence on customer citizenship behavior, however this relationship is better explained by a firm’s relationship marketing efforts. This implies that although fair treatment is essential in reinforcing long-term relationships and for customers to engage in citizenship behaviors but it is also a significant condition that may encourage consumers to perform positive extra role behavioral outcomes. Therefore, banks should provide assurance that their services can achieve a sustainable level of favorableness that meets what the service provider has promised to its customers. This study brought to light that the knowledge pertaining to the critical role of service fairness strategies in building valuable, enduring relationships with customers. Moreover, this research contributes in the relationship marketing literature on how service fairness excellence encourage customer to engage in citizenship behaviors in favor of the firm through developing successful long-term mutually beneficial relationship. Therefore, besides service excellence banks need focus on providing excellence in service fairness to create strong relationships with their clients as endured relationship can lead to customer citizenship behaviors.
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مولانا سید ابوظفر ندوی

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ابھی یہ سطور لکھی جا رہی تھیں کہ اچانک اطلاع ملی کہ مولانا سید ابوظفر ندوی نے اپنے وطن دیسنہ(بہار) میں وفات پائی۔اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔مرحوم پرانے دور کے ندوی تھے۔ تمام علوم اسلامیہ وعربیہ میں دسترس رکھتے تھے،لیکن تاریخ ان کاخاص فن تھا، چنانچہ مرحوم نے جتنے مقالات لکھے اور جتنی کتابیں تالیف کیں اُن میں سے اکثر وبیشتر اسی موضوع پرہیں۔ اس فن کابڑا عمدہ اورصاف ستھرا مذاق رکھتے تھے، جو کچھ لکھتے تھے شگفتہ زبان میں لکھتے اور تحقیق کے ذریعہ فراہمی معلومات کاحق اداکردیتے تھے۔ ’مختصر تاریخ ہند‘ اور ’تاریخ سندھ‘ دارالمصنفین کی طرف سے شائع ہوکر مقبول عام وخاص ہوچکی ہیں۔ایک ضخیم کتاب ’’تاریخ گجرات‘‘ کے نام سے ندوۃ المصنفین کے زیرِ اہتمام طبع ہورہی ہے۔مختلف کالجوں میں پروفیسر رہے اوراب ادھر سالہا سال سے احمدآباد میں گجرات اکاڈمی سے وابستہ تھے۔ مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ کے بھانجہ یا بھتیجے تھے اور یوں بھی صورۃً وسیرۃً سیدصاحب سے اس درجہ مشابہ تھے کہ ۵۵ء میں اپنی صاحبزادی کی شادی کے سلسلہ میں کلکتہ آئے اور پہلے سے کسی اطلاع کے بغیر اچانک راقم الحروف سے ملنے کی غرض سے دفتر میں تشریف لے آئے تومرحوم کودیکھ کرسید صاحب کی شکل وصورت کا نقشہ آنکھوں میں پھر گیا اور بے قرار کرگیا،یہ بالکل پہلی ملاقات تھی مگروہی بزرگانہ شفقت ومحبت ، باتوں میں علمیت اورذہانت کے ساتھ وہی بھولا پن اورسادگی ،وہی غایتِ کرم اور توجہ۔ سمدھیانہ میں شادی کا ہنگامہ بپاتھا اس لیے شب غریب خانہ پر ہی بسر کی۔ احمد آبادسے بھی وقتاًفوقتاً خط لکھتے رہتے تھے اوراُس میں بھی وہی مشفقانہ اور بزرگانہ انداز ہوتاتھا۔میر ے اور اپنے خانگی معاملات پراس طرح گفتگو کرتے تھے کہ گویا ہم دونوں قریبی رشتہ دار ہوں۔ان ذاتی اخلاق کے علاوہ بڑے متشرع اور متدین تھے، دو راتیں میرے مکان پر...

كورٹ ميرج كى شرعى حيثيت

Court Marriage means a marriage that a wise and mature boy & girl performs only by mutual consent to court and performs some legal requirements without permission of their parents. Due to distance from religion, misuse of media, co-education, vulgarity and male female freely intimacy, in our Islamic society the trend of this marriage is increasing every day. The process of giving more proof of this marriage by judicial decisions and some religious circles has also played an important role in promoting it. Mostly, the result of this is girls run from their homes, parental insult, and destruction of their own lives, public disturbance and social disorder. Today’s need was that in a neutral way this important social issue should be discussed and by giving independent research, the issue of parents’ permission for marriage, particularly for the girl, should be presented in the light of Islamic teachings and in this regard different opinions of the scholars should also be analyzed. So on one side, where the importance of parent's role in marriage will be highlighted, on the other hand, we can be protected from social destruction, ruination of the family system and public disturbance. The following article is presented in detail on this subject.

Characterization of Maize Germ from Various Hybrids and Use of its Components for Value Added Baked Products

Maize germs from six promising locally grown hybrids, namely Poineer-32-F-10 (P-1), Poineer-32-B-33 (P-2), Monsanto-6142 (M-1), Monsanto-6525 (M-2), Rafhan- 2331 (R-1) and commercial were characterized for proximate composition, selected minerals, amino acid & fatty acid profiles and tocopherols. Based on the germ recovery and compositional analysis, one best hybrid germ, Pioneer 32-F-10 (P-1), was selected for further analysis and product development. Refined maize germ oil (MGO) from selected hybrid, was analyzed for various physical and chemical characteristics. The MGO was evaluated for cake preparation through blending with normal shortening at different levels. Moreover, defatted maize germ (DMG) meal was subjected to biological and safety evaluation using Sprague Dawley rats. Later, DMG flour was blended with wheat flour in different combinations; evaluated for functional properties, textural analysis (SMS Texture Analyzer) and Farinographic behavior. Flour blends were further used to develop value-added products like bread and cookies. Germ recovery from the experimental hybrids ranged from 6.31-7.68%, while the highest germ yield was observed in P-1 hybrid. Germ samples were found to be nutrient dense; crude protein 16.34-20.96%, crude fat 32.10-38.80%, crude fiber 2.63-4.79%, ash 3.08-4.94%, α-tocopherol 4.63-9.68 mg/100g and γ-tocopherol 29.52-35.51 mg/100g. The germ samples were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (46.74- 58.00 g/100g) and essential amino acids (33.30-39.04 g/100g). Additionally, in germ samples, minerals like P (1.06-1.79 g/100g), K (1.19-1.64 g/100g), Mg (0.43- 0.78 g/100g) and Fe (9.08-14.46 mg/100g) were in substantial amount. MGO from selected germ (P-1) was successfully incorporated in cake recipe with high sensory quality. Defatted maize germ (DMG) meal was found to be considerable source of protein (32.1%), dietary fiber (31.87%) and allied minerals. In the experimental rats, in-vivo protein quality of DMG flour was: 87.10±0.78% true digestibility, 76.70±1.25% net protein utilization, 88.06±o.67% biological value, 5.12±0.21 net protein ratio and 2.15±0.03 protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher than that of wheat-based diet and comparable with casein. Favorable impact of DMG flour on serum biochemical profile was observed; cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and glucose levels decreased up to 6.80, 12.45, 16.19 and 6.50 %, respectively. DMG flour resulted in improvement of functional properties of DMG flour-wheat flour blends with special reference to improved water & oil absorption capacity, gelling and emulsion properties; revealed its worth in food preparations. Protein and fiber enriched cookies and breads were prepared up to 15% wheat flour substitution with DMG flour. Consumer response to purchase defatted maize germ flour fortified cookies was very positive e.g. 64% of the respondents said that they would prefer to purchase.