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The Implementation of Intellectual Property Laws for the Economic and Social Growth in Pakistan

Thesis Info

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Author

Murtiza, Ghulam

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Law and Legislature

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12150/1/Ghulam%20Murtiza%202019%20Law-uok%20karachi%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725107897

Similar


Intellectual property laws play a significant role in making industrial, trade and financial policies. Their performance in scientific and technological development of any country cannot be ignored. IP laws help in flowering the knowledge stock of a country. They guarantee the development in varied fields. However, alongside strong intellectual property laws, there should be an effective implementation mechanism, as without implementation there is no enjoyment of intellectual property rights. The powerful, unprejudiced and effective IP laws implementation attracts innovation and new investment whereas the weak implementation of intellectual property laws promotes piracy and counterfeiting and consequently acts as a major barrier to investment in R&D, employment, trade and overall growth of a country’s economy. This is unfortunately the case with the IP laws implementation in Pakistan. This study seeks to know whether strict IP laws implementation in Pakistan can indeed spur socio-economic growth. To answer this question, the research utilizes crosscountry data of 20 countries. The results reveal that strong linkage exists between implementation of IP laws and socio-economic growth. But this linkage is greater powerful in countries with strong IP laws implementation mechanism. This study points out impediments in the implementation of IP laws in Pakistan. The research concludes by putting forward recommendations and suggestions for the strict implementation of IP laws in Pakistan.
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سرالزڈ برڈ

سر الزڈ برڈ

            سرالزڈ برڈ، جو ایک خاص دوا، ’’بروس کسٹدرڈ پوڈر‘‘ کے کارخانہ کے مالک تھے، چند ماہ ہوئے، انہوں نے وفات پائی، تو معلوم ہوا، انہوں نے محض اشتہارات کے بل پر جو دولت کمائی، اس کی آمدنی سے ۶۵۳۶۵۶ پونڈ کی قیمت کی مستقل جائداد چھوڑ گئے ہیں! چند اور مشہور مشترین کی دولت کے اعداد ذیل سے، مغرب میں اشتہار کی قوت زرخیزی کا اندازہ ہوگا۔

            لارڈ برٹن (تاجر شراب) ۰۰۰،۰۰۰،۷ پونڈ

            سرفریڈرک وِلس (تاجر تمباکو) ۱۱۴،۹۱۸،۲ =

            مسٹر پیٹرر انیسن (مالک کارخانۂ خیاطی) ۶۶۱،۱۱۹،۱ =

            مسٹر ولیم دہائیلی (مالک بساط خانہ) ۸۲۵،۴۵۲،۱ =

            سرہزی ٹیٹ (تاجر شکر) ۵۶۵،۲۶۳،۱ =

            مسٹر جی فلفرڈ (مالک دواخانہ) ۰۰۰،۳۱۱،۱ =

            مسٹر لینڈلی میپل (مالک کارخانہ فرنیچر) ۲۹۲،۱۵۸،۲ =

            مسٹر چارلس لی (چٹنی فروش) ۱۳۷،۰۷۰،۱ =

            مسٹر سی، پوٹ (دوا فروش) ۴۲۳،۲۹۴،۴ =

            مسٹر اینو (مالک کارخانہ نمک ہاضم) ۶۰۷،۶۱۱،۱ =

            مسٹر ہینز (چٹنی و اچار فروش) ۰۰۰،۲۲،۱۱ = (ڈبلی میل)

(جون ۱۹۲۲ء)

 

Gender based Differences in COVID-19 patients

Coronaviruses are a huge family of viruses that originate disease extending from the common cold to further fatal maladies. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the gender based differences in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Study included total 150 participants visiting Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Data were collected through self-structured questionnaire using non-probability convenient sampling. Prior written informed consents were taken from the participants. Ethical approval was taken fromThe University of Lahore, Lahore. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 25.0. Results: Results showed that among the comorbidities hypertension was most common in COVID-19 patients followed by diabetes mellitus, especially in females. Whereas renal disorders and asthma were most reported in males. Analysis revealed that there was a significant association (p=0.001) between disease severity and gender. Conclusion: Study concluded that there was significant association between gender and disease severity.

Hyperplane Arrangements

Let A = {H 1 , . . . , H l } be a hyperplane arrangement in C n and M be the complement of the union of hyperplanes in A, i.e., M = C n \ ∪ li=1 H i . The cohomology algebra H ∗ (M, C) has a complete combinatorial description. Let L be a local system on M and H ∗ (M, L) be the cohomology algebra with local coefficients. For [ω] ∈ H 1 (M, C), there is a chain complex: μ ω μ ω μ ω 0 → H 0 (M, C) → H 1 (M, C) → · · · → H n (M, C) → 0. The characteristic varieties of M are the jumping loci of the cohomology groups H ∗ (M, L). The resonance varieties of M are the jumping loci of the cohomology groups of the above complex. The aim of this thesis is to study some properties of these varieties.