قواعد الترجيح المتعلقة بالنص القرآني: دراسة وصفية تطبيقية

After reading the whole books and find out the interpretation, there were various sayings, the meanings and interpretations of the verses of Quran. The reader does not have the capability to select correct and incorrect. He does not know what to do about the various interpretations. At first the people of Mecca knew the status of Revelation; they do not need to explain that revelation, because it was their native language while the Prophet (S.A.W) explains it in detail. After the earlier periods, it was necessary to adapt some rules to know the correct sayings, that rules were already include the Quran itself, in the Sunnah, in the Quranic Sciences, in the books of fundamentals of Jurisprudence, and in the books of Quranic  Sciences. Later on, however, wrote the books as contemporary independent science as such as book of Husain Al Ḥarbī  named (قواعد الترجيح عند المفسرين) and book written by Khalid Al Sabbath named (قواعد التفسير جمعاً ودراسةً). These rules of preference are most important as with the help of these rules, the books of interpretation can be clarified from incorrect sayings. These rules are various, including, related to Quranic text, Sunnah, the views of Companions, the evidence, or related to the linguistics of Arabs. The preference proves the strength of a saying or strengthens an aspect than others through rules of preference. One of the objectives of this research is that the rules of preference can distinguish between correct and incorrect interpretation. The researcher recommended attention to these rules of preference and to study it as a separate subject to get full benefit from the books of interpretation.

Larvicidal Efficacy of Neem Azadiracta Indica Seed Oil Nanoemulsion Against Aedes Aegypti

Aedes aegypti also known as Asian tiger is the vector responsible for Dengue fever in whole South Asia. Approximately 50-100 million people are at risk from this disease. Pakistan is also endemic for this disease. The need is to control the vector responsible for this disease. Chemical control by Indoor residual spraying and Insecticides treated nets is used for this purpose but this vector has acquired resistance for insecticides. Among alternates, one is the herbal control by phytochemicals but the use of direct extract may be toxic for non-target population, hence the present study is planned to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of neem seed oil and leaves extract Nanoemulsion against Aedes aegypti. LC50 was 10.6(20.7-3.9) after 48 h. Tween 20 based high energy nanoemulsion of neem seed oil was obtained by ultrasonication which was found stable at room temperature. Larvicidal efficacy of neem seed oil nanoemulsion having size 175nm with ratio 1:3 of oil and surfactant was 95%. It was found more ecofriendly, low-cost and effective against Aedes aegypti larvae. LC50 value shows good larvicidal potential of neem seed oil nanoemulsion as compare to neem leaves extract nanoemulsion after 48 hours. P values (p<0.05) also show the significance of results