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The Study of Usability of Computer Labs in Secondary Level in Public and Private Schools in Punjab

Thesis Info

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Author

Muhammad Ameen

Program

PhD

Institute

The University of Lahore

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10131/1/Muhammad%20Ameen_Edu_2018_UoL_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725139522

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Present age is the age of ICT. Due to the advancement in computer technology, the whole world has turned into a global village. ICT is making magnificent changes in every walk of life including education. Proper use of computer technology is a source to enhance the educational skills, knowledge and teaching methodology. Use of ICT can enhance teachers’ knowledge, skills and competencies. Use of ICT can also improve the quality of teaching and learning. The aim of this study was to check the proper usability of computer labs in public and private secondary schools in Punjab. The objectives of the study were: 1) To compare the availability of ICT facilities in public and private secondary schools’ computer labs; 2) To know the extent to which computer labs are being used in public and private secondary schools; 3) To know about the usefulness of computer labs in public and private secondary schools; 4) To find out the quality of computer labs in public and private secondary schools; 5) To know about the problems that students face to access the computer lab; and 6) To formulate the recommendations for the effective use of computer labs. Following research questions were made to achieve above stated objectives: 1) Is there any significant difference between public and private secondary schools regarding the availability of ICT facilities in computer labs? 2) Are computer labs working effectively at the secondary level both in public and private schools? 3) What is the usefulness of computer labs in public and private secondary schools? 4) What is the standard of quality in maintenance of computer labs in the public and private secondary schools? 5) What are the problems that students face to access the computer lab? The study was descriptive in nature and the quantitative approach was used by the researcher to conduct this study. All the students of secondary level, Head teachers and IT teachers of public and private secondary schools were the target population of the study. The study was delimited to Faisalabad division. A sample of 10% was drawn from accessible population. The clustered stratified random technique was used to select the research subjects for obtaining data. The Head teacher, IT teacher and ten students from each selected sample schools were included the sample. xxi A self-developed questionnaire and a checklist were used as instruments in the study. Three types of questionnaires one for students, one for head teacher and one for IT teacher were developed at five point Likert scale for data collection. The checklist was used to collect data regarding condition and utilization of computer labs. The collected data were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. The Frequencies, Percentage, Mean, and Standard Deviation were used as descriptive statistics for organizing and summarizing data while Chi-square test, Independent Samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used as inferential statistical strategies to analyze data. The study recommends that Provide more ICT facilities in computer labs such as video cameras; multimedia projector; overhead projector; generator; and air conditioner at secondary level school both at the public and private sector; Use of computer lab may be made compulsory for all students at secondary level; One IT teacher is not sufficient; there at least two IT teachers may be appointed at secondary level schools’ computer labs; At least one computer technician may be appointed at the secondary level schools to solve the technical problems of the computer lab; Students may be provided more time to use computer lab; Provide at least one generator, UPS or Solar system to solve the problem of energy crisis; Department may provide sufficient funds for the maintenance of computer labs; Department may provide technical support for the better utilization of ICT resources; and School administration and management may collaboratively make effective plans for the usability of computer labs at the secondary level. It is also recommended that similar studies may be conducted in other provinces of Pakistan to compare the usability of computer labs in public and private sectors at the secondary level.
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پانچواں باب: عقائد و عبادات

عقائد

باب پنجم کے اہم نکات

  1. یہودی عقائد و عبادات کا تعارف۔
  2. تصور خدا کی اہمیت۔
  3. منتخب قوم کے نظریہ کا تعارف۔
  4. احکام عشرہ اور تیرہ اصول ایمانیات کا تعارف۔
  5. نبوت، مسیحِ موعود عقیدہ آخرت۔
  6. قربانی، روزہ، نماز اور صدقہ کا تصور۔

 

 

          ظاہری طور پر یہودیوں کے پاس ایسا کوئی خاص نظام یا قاعدہ موجود نہیں ہے جس کی رو سے یہ کہا جا سکے کہ وہ کن مخصوص عقائد کی پیروی کرتے ہیں۔ الہامی مذاہب میں خدا پر ایمان لانا ایک بنیادی عقیدہ ہے تاہم "ملحد یہودی" جیسے تصور نے اس عقیدے کو بھی متاثر کیا ہے۔ یہودی خود بھی اس معاملے میں اختلاف کا شکار ہیں کہ کیا رسمی عقیدے جیسی کوئی چیز مذہب میں موجود بھی ہے یا نہیں؟ اس معاملے میں ایک فریق یہ کہتا ہے کہ یہودیت میں عقائد جیسی کوئی چیز نہیں؛ صنہادرین تک نے ایسی کوئی وضاحت پیش نہیں کی جس کی رو سے یہودیت کے بنیادی عقائد کی فہرست مرتب کی جا سکے۔ موسی ابن میمون نے بھی جو تیرہ اساسی اصول مرتب کیے ہیں ان کو تمام یہودی قبول نہیں کرتے۔ اکثر و بیشتر راسخ العقیدہ یہودی ان پر اعتراضات اٹھاتے رہتے ہیں۔ بعض یہ خیال کرتے ہیں کہ وہ اپنے عقائد کی کوئی فہرست مہیا نہیں کر سکتے کیونکہ ان میں عقائد کے معاملات میں کبھی اتفاق رائے نہیں ہو سکا ہے۔ یہاں تک کہ عبرانی بائیبل کے فراہم کردہ مذہب کو بھی وہ متنوع سمجھتے ہیں۔[1] جو فریق یہ سمجھتا ہے کہ یہودیت میں کچھ بنیادی عقائد موجود ہیں وہ یہ دلیل دیتا ہے کہ اگر یہ مان لیا جائے کہ یہودیت میں عقائد کا وجود ہی نہیں...

An Analysis of Global Integration and Economic Growth Nexus: Evidence from Pakistan

The following research examines economic growth potential from the perspective of globalization for Pakistan. The empirical results are estimated using the ARDL model over the period 1970 to 2018. The study reports the time before and after the openness to the world. The country opened up its borders quite late in the 80s. The results demonstrate that, in the short term, globalization negatively affects economic growth, but that, in the long run, it boosts economic growth. Globalization has assisted Pakistan's economic progress since the country opened its borders and economy to the rest of the world, but not to too much extent, what it could. Furthermore, research findings demonstrate that government spending and physical capital improve economic growth, however, inflation has a detrimental impact on Pakistan's economic growth.

Stylistic Analysis of Selected Poems of Sylvia Plath's Ariel

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