وہ مجھ سے بے زار بڑا ہے
دل ہے کہ اُس سے خوش رہتا ہے
ساتھ نہیں ہے دُور کھڑا ہے
ننگے پائوں کانچ چُبھا ہے
میرا قصور تو بس اتنا ہے
میں نے تجھ سے پیار کیا ہے
دل کیا جانے بھولا بھالا
رشتوں میں جو زہر گُھلا ہے
اَفلاطون کہے شاعر پر
حُسن کی دیوی کا پہرا ہے
میں شاعر وہ حُسن کی دیوی
اَفلاطون بھی سچ کہتا ہے
پیار اگر یَک طَرفہ ہو تو
پَل پَل کا جینا مَرنا ہے
سنا ہے مدہوشی میں شب بھر
اُس نے میرا نام لیا ہے
وہ تجھ کو کیوں یاد کرے گا
صادقؔ وہ مصروف بڑا ہے
Background: Management of subfertility is influenced by the diagnosis of its causative factor. Combined diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy has emerged as an effective procedure in identifying causative factors of female subfertility. Objectives: This study aimed to identify contributory factors to primary female subfertility by diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Hameed Latif hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from December 2021 to May 2022. Data was collected from 344 women with female primary subfertility, undergoing combined diagnostic hystero-laparascopy. All the demographic data along with identified causative factors (tubal blockade, cervical Os stenosis, endometrial polyp, uterine septum, uterine fibroid, endometriosis, peri tubal adhesions and polycystic ovaries) during the procedure were recorded in predesigned study proforma. Data were analyzed through SPSS software 23. Results: Mean age of the patients was 25±5.0 years and the mean duration of subfertility was 3.8+0.55 years. Two hundred and eighty-four (82.56%) patients had abnormal findings, while sixty (17.44%) had normal findings. Out of 284 patients, 94(34%) had one identified factor, while 190 (66%) patients had two or more identified factors for primary subfertility. Polycystic ovaries were seen in 128(37.21%) patients, followed by tubal blockade in 81(23.54%), peri tubal adhesions/hydrosalpinx in 58(16.86%) patients. Conclusions: Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy is an effective diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of female factor subfertility and may be helpful to gynecologists in devising further management plans.
This study aimed at fostering academic resilience among non-resilient at-risk students through implementing an intervention program developed for this purpose. The internal and external protective factors influencing academic resilience were identified through literature. The independent variable of the study was the protective mechanism manipulated through an activity based resilience fostering module comprised of protective factors-creativity, internal locus of control, self-concept, self-esteem, self-efficacy, autonomy, sense of purpose in life, optimism, a good sense of humor, teacher student relationship. The academic resilience of the student was the dependent variable. The experimental design was used for the study. At risk of failure students were identified on the basis of specific macro and micro risk indicators like low socio economic status, academic issues, homelessness, health issues and negative life events, while the resilience of the students was measured on Resilience Assessment Scale (RAS). The researcher adapted Resiliency Attitude and Skill Profile (RASP) by Hurtes and Conor-Davidson Resilience Scale to develop a scale titled as Resilience Assessment Scale (RAS) to measure the overall resilience of at risk students. It was found that out of 255 students of the selected public secondary school, 45% were at risk. Moreover, it was found that majority of the students were at risk due to their academic issues followed by those having health issues and having some negative life events in their lives. Out of 115 at risk students, 51 students were identified as resilient, while 64 students were non-resilient. These sixty four non-resilient at-risk students were taken as a sample of the study and were divided randomly into experimental and control groups. The researcher played as a resilience teacher to boost up the resiliency skills of students. The treatment continued for 3- months. After the completion of the experiment, the pre-test and post-test resilience scores were analyzed using simple descriptive statistical techniques such as means and percentages. Hypotheses were tested using t test. The results of the experiment revealed that the intervention was significantly effective in enhancing the students’ academic resilience. The three months intervention training on resilience showed good results. Better results can be gained if the duration of the intervention programme is enhanced. So it is recommended to implement such resiliency training programme for utmost time period in order to develop the resilience of low profiled students such as non-resilient at-risk students.