Healthcare services are public basic needs and no nation can afford to overlook it. Public at large expects the healthcare organizations to provide healthcare services effectively and at affordable cost. The absence of healthcare facilities not only results in diseases and deformities but also economic, social and political deterioration which prevent individuals from realizing their full potential. Hospitals should anchor their services around the parameters that determine the quality of healthcare services. So it is imperative to understand Ihe functions and the dimensions that compose the entire service structure of a hospital. These functions and dimensions can be used as standards for smooth provision of service and quality assurance. The present study contains in-depth analysis of all the events occurring in a public sector teaching hospital, its organization, and structure; by conducting detailed interviews and discussion with the major stakeholders and direct observation of the operations of the same hospital. The study has threefold purposes. Firstly, it seeks to substantiate the performance and service quality perceived by the general public vis4-vi$ the factual performance and service quality of public sector hospitals. Secondly, it differentiates a teaching hospital from a non teaching hospital in terms of their entire composition, scope and quality of service. Thirdly, it develops a model that can assess the quality of service of a teaching hospital, The model carries dimensions and elements of curing, caring and teaching A qualitative-cum-quantitative approach with multiple data collection mechanisms like observation, discussions and interviews, questionnaire administration and study of records was adopted. Mayo Hospital Lahore affiliated with King Edward MedicalV University, the largest public sector teaching hospital in Pakistan, was chosen as population for the given study. All the departments providing teaching and clinical services were studied. Satisfaction of patients, employees and medical students was assessed through questionnaire administration followed by in-depth interviews. Public perception of performance of and service quality in public sector hospitals was assessed through questionnaire and interviews. Data was organized, descriptive statistics including percentages and graphic presentations were applied. Qualitative data was validated with quantitative data and vice versa. The performance and service quality of public sector teaching hospital were found far better than the general view of the community. The study also showed that a leaching hospital is superior to a non teaching hospital in terms of delivering quality treatment to patients. A model with three distinct dimensions including teaching, curing and caring with their respective elements is developed that can assess the quality of services delivered by a teaching hospital.
دیا نرائن نگم ، بی ۔ اے اردو زبان کے مشہور پرانے رسالہ زمانہ کے اڈیٹر دیانرائن نگم نے اسی مہینہ وفات پائی، کالج سے نکلنے کے ساتھ انہوں نے بریلی میں زمانہ کو جو اردو کا ایک معمولی رسالہ تھا، اپنی ادارت میں لیا اور اس کو کانپور لائے اور اس حد تک چمکایا کہ اردو کے رسالوں میں گناجانے لگا، بلکہ اس وقت وہ اردو کا سب سے پرانا رسالہ ہے، پریم چند آنجہانی کو وہی سب سے پہلے اسٹیج پر لائے، ان کے علاوہ اور بہت سے اچھے لکھنے والے اور کہنے والے ہندو اور مسلمان نوجوانوں نے ان کے سایۂ قلم میں تربیت پائی اور کہنا چاہئے کہ زمانہ صرف انہی کی بدولت ہندو اور مسلمان اہل قلم کا سنگم اب تک رہا اور اس کو دیکھ کر تسکین ہوتی تھی کہ ہندو مسلمانوں کی پرانی تہذیب کے شیدائی ہندو ابھی تک زندہ ہیں۔ مدت سے جسے دورِ زماں میٹ رہا ہے امید ہے کہ زمانہ آئندہ بھی اپنے بانی کی یادگار میں اس کی بنائی ہوئی روش پر چلتا رہے گا۔ تاکہ اس اختلاف آباد ہند کی اس آندھی میں دیانرائن کا یہ دیا جلتا رہے۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی، دسمبر ۱۹۴۲ء)
A family is the fundamental unit of society. Every society has the presence of a family. The start of a family's life is entirely dependent on matters of co. human relations. All such human relationships are entrenched in islamic sharia as a sacred bond of nikah, in which a husband and wife become a part of the world in the form of a family's collective result. Husband and wife are the most fundamental pillars of society, and their affection and companionship provides a source of stability for them and also a refuge for coming generations.A family consist of husband ,wife and their children . The family life is begins with marriage, after marriage every woman wants to have her own separate home where all the requirements of privacy are met. Islam has placed the entire responsibility of livelihood on men..But in our society there are two types of family system joint and separate family system. In Pakistan The joint family system is prevalent. The people of the subcontinent are not only adopting this system but they are also feel proud of it . In the present article the joint family system has facing many challenges. One of them is accommodation. In this article will focus on what is the basic concept of accommodation in joint family systems and its solution in Islami teachings. It is critical for the husband and wife to have a home where no one can interfere on their personal matters. This interference is very much in our society.Which husband and wife facing many problems. And due to this conditions, the relationship of husband and wife is also affected.
Key Words: Joint family system, Issues of Accommodation, Pakistani society, Islamic teachings.
Resolvability in graphs has appeared in numerous applications of graph theory, e.g. in pattern recognition, image processing, robot navigation in networks, computer sciences, combinatorial optimization, mastermind games, coin-weighing problems, etc. It is well known fact that computing the metric dimension for an arbitrary graph is an NP-complete problem. Therefore, a lot of research has been done in order to compute the metric dimension of several classes of graphs. Apart from calculating the metric dimension of graphs, it is natural to ask for the characterization of graph families with respect to the nature of their metric dimension. In this thesis, we study two important parameters of resolvability, namely the metric dimension and partition dimension. Partition dimension is a natural generalization of metric dimension as well as a standard graph decomposition problem where we require that distance code of each vertex in a partition set is distinct with respect to the other partition sets. The main objective of this thesis is to study the resolving properties of wheel related graphs, certain nanostructures and to characterize these classes of graphs with respect to the nature of their metric dimension. We prove that certain wheel related graphs and convex polytopes generated by wheel related graphs have unbounded metric dimension and an exact value of their metric dimension is determined in most of the cases. We also study the metric dimension and partition dimension of 2-dimensional lattices of certain nanotubes generated by the tiling of the plane and prove that these 2-dimensional lattices of nanotubes have discrepancies between their metric dimension and partition dimension. We also compute the exact value of metric dimension for an infinite class of generalized Petersen networks denoted by P(n; 3) by giving answer to an open problem raised by Imran et al. in 2014, which complete the study of metric dimension for the class of generalized Petersen networks P(n; 3).