أثر مؤشرات التغري املناخي يف انتشار بعض اإلمراض املعدية يف حمافظة ذي قار

The study examines the impact of climate change on the spread of some diseases in Thi- Qar Province through collecting and analyzing data about various weather elements and phenomena of some monitoring stations ( Nasiriyah ) for a high-temperature climatic cycle of 78 years (1941-2018). It is divided into seven consecutive and different time periods, 1941-1951, 1952-1962, and 1963-1973, 1974-1984, 1985-1995, 1996-2006, 2007-2018. These elements and phenomena are solar radiation, temperatures (maximum and minimum), wind (Dust storm, rising dust, suspended dust), and the thermal extremes phenomenon (heat and cold waves) The research aims to reveal the reality of trends in climate of the province of thi qar, and find out the reality of the general trend of the elements of climatic different by relying on a series of evidence statistical number of climatic variables for the meteorological station in Nasiriyah especially temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rainfall, and extreme dust The most important results of the research showed that temperatures trending upward in sync with a clear reduction in the amount of relative humidity and rainfall which threatens a sharp repeating the phenomenon of drought in the future. The research study has found that the City of Nasiriyah ranked first in human diseases for the period 2009-2018, as the reasons for this level of diseases include that Nasiriyah is subject to the recurrence of dusty weather phenomena due to its proximity to the Western Desert Plateau, as well as the lack of cultivated and water-covered areas. This city witnesses serious air pollutions due to the concentration of a large number of factories located near inhabited areas, as well as, the spread of brick factories in the regions of the city, such as, brick factories in the area of El-Islah. This is public services, in addition to the building projects, deterioration of sewage overflow, the spread of epidemics and insects harmful to human health, other climatic environmental pollutants, such as the spread of pollen, plant scents and air allergens, which contributed to the increase in the severity of skin diseases, climate eyes, arthritis and respiratory allergies. The city of Al-Shatra ranked second in the number of people with climatic diseases, Al-Rifai ranked third with infected cases, Souk Al-Shuyoukh ranked fourth, and finally Al-Jibayish ranked fifth and last in people with climatic human diseases for the period 2009-2018 in Dhi- qar province due to the same geographical, climatic, medical, and environmental causes indicated earlier.

Geometric Superresolution for Removal of Undersampling Effect

This dissertation presents work on the Geometric Superresolution. There are two main parameters that can affect Geometric Superresolution, the finite size of pixels and the pitch of the pixels in digital imaging device like CCD (charged coupled device). In superresolution systems, the ultimate limit to resolution generally comes from the Geometric and not from the optical part of an imaging system. This thesis mainly deals with the undersampling of an optical image in which the separation between the neighbouring pixels in a CCD is assumed to be greater than the separation required by Nyquist Sampling. The problem of undersampling an optical image has been dealt with the use of an Optical Mask placed at the Fourier transform plane in a coherent 4f imaging system. The one dimensional version of the Optical Mask consists of a 1-dimensional amplitude grating. The Optical Mask is used to sample the Fourier transform of the input object. Due to the sampled Fourier transform, the image plane contains replicas of the input object. A CCD is used to undersample these replicas. The recorded undersampled image is Fourier transformed and contains replicas of original object spectrum but overlapped due to the undersampled image recorded by CCD. The overlapped spectrum is multiplied with a soft copy of an Optical Mask which removes the overlapping by removing the neighbouring spectral copies. An interpolation is done on the recovered single object spectral copy to fill the holes in the spectrum. The resultant spectrum is then Fourier transformed to obtain an image free of artefacts and free of undersampling effects. Different analogues of Optical Masks and CCD pixels have been presented and discussed in this thesis. Optical Masks may consist of negligibly small line widths or lines with finite widths. Similarly, an ideal CCD may consist of point pixels in which the pixel size is negligible in comparison with the spacing between them or in real situations may have finite size. The effects of these parameters on Geometric Superresolution have been discussed in the thesis. Simulation results in one and two dimensional have been presented to support the idea. A part of the thesis also discusses a technique dealing with subpixeling. An optical image using a Spatial light modulator is projected on a CCD and shifted in subpixel steps. The retrieved data corresponding to each subpixel step is combined to obtain high resolution image. This has been supported with experimental verification.