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Us Foreign Policy Towards India in Post 9/11 Era: Implications for South Asian Security

Thesis Info

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Author

Shaukat, Usman

Program

PhD

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Political science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10243/1/Usman%20Shaukat_Political%20Sci_2018_UoPunjab_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725158923

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Security and stability is first priority of foreign policy of any state in world. In the perspective of South Asia, states feel themselves insecure as well as instable because of inter-state and intra-state conflicts. These issues are of political, territorial as well as ideological kinds. In current regional environment, foreign states make various strategies to secure their own interests and among these strategies, alliance making is the most prominent. When different countries find some common objectives and interests they put common efforts to achieve those interests. In South Asia, US and Indian common objectives brought both of the states close to each other. Indian ambitions to acquire its status of regional power and US wishes to contain China to maintain its superior designs in world and especially in South Asia. Both India and US have a claim to be the champion of democracy in world and believe that they will go for any point for insurance of global democratic values. These kinds of common interests along with global war on terrorism brought both states closer to each other and US foreign policy for India resulted in Nuclear Deal between them. Which will not only cause disturbance for regional security environment but imbalance of power is also obvious in South Asia. US foreign policy tilt towards India will put severe impacts on the South Asian security. Pakistan and India are nuclear states in South Asia and always seem in continuous phase of enmity. Strategic as well as economic cooperation between two states will bring serious concerns not only for Pakistan but for security of whole South Asia. US foreign policy shift will tilt overall balance of power towards India and obvious results will be destruction, political and economic instability and aggravation in enmity rather than friendship. India and Pakistan are nuclear states and in case of any serious clash result will be the more devastating. The possession of sophisticated weapons like biological, chemical and physical nuclear weapons can be dangerous and devastating for South Asian security. Many political thinkers and scholars from South Asia have discussed fear of this nuclear flashpoint many times in their articles and research work. Terrorism, nuclear terrorism and nuclear deals are putting oil on fire in deteriorating the security structure and security architecture of South Asia. US is fighting against terrorists in Afghanistan along with NATO and its ally. The military forces of Pakistan are curbing the roots of terrorism in their home for domestic and regional peace and stability. On the other hand, India has no cordial relations with its neighbors which is an alarming situation for South Asian security. In these circumstances, US must opt balanced policies towards this region so that balance of power could not divert to any side. This will not only bring prosperity and peace in South Asia but it will also ensure that US is a real champion of democracy. It is high time to go forward and resolve disputes through peaceful means for regional security, stability, development and prosperity without using coercive means. World Leadership should take flexible and bold steps to settle their differences. These steps should be followed by composite dialogues, Confidence Building Measures (CBMs), Track II and Back-Channel diplomacy for peaceful conflict resolution & management.
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ڈاکٹر عبدالرحمن بجنوری

ڈاکٹر عبدالرحمن بجنوری

(مولانا عبدالسلام ندوی)

            ۷؍ نومبر ۱۹۱۸؁ء کو علی گڑھ کالج کے ایک نوجوان فرزند کا داغ مفارقت بھی ہمیں اٹھانا پڑا یعنی ڈاکٹر عبدالرحمن بجنوری نے بھوپال میں انتقال کیا، مرحوم نہایت علم دوست شخص تھے حال ہی میں جب ہم بھوپال گئے تھے ان سے ملاقات ہوئی تھی، اور انھوں نے شعرالہند کے متعلق ہمیں مفید مشورے دیئے تھے۔ (نومبر ۱۹۱۸ء)

اسلامی نظام مالیات اور جدید نظام ہائے مالیات کا تقابلی جائزہ

Islam is a complete system of life to raise all aspects of human life and the guiding thought and action which offers a system according to the changing conditions of human actions that affect. Up until then, it will not be possible to regulate the texts should not be considered deeply profound to contemplate the Holy Quran "jurisprudence" word is used. Islamic Finance in respect of any individual earning a living is not completely confined (like communism) or full independent (like capitalism), but the income in the struggle meant that the economy was bound by the rules the life of the individual and the protection of irregular economic Charities (Rifāhy) also adhere with religious and moral exaltation, is always in the pursuit of individual economic will be tow rule: First, they get the "halal" is. Secondly, the ways they acquire "Tayyab".

Species Diversity of Mosquitoes and Their Spatio-Temporal Distribution in Pothwar Region, Punjab, Pakistan

Mosquitoes are the most deadly animals found on earth. These are well known to be the vectors of lethal diseases. The family Culicidae (Diptera) comprises of 3515 species and 112 genera. As they spread many diseases in humans, so it is a dire need to explore them, to be well aware of the vectors before epidemics occur. The main objectives of the study were, exploration of the mosquito fauna of Pothwar region, pictorial key of the mosquito fauna of Pothwar, determination of the spatio temporal distribution of different mosquito species in Pothwar region and studying the egg laying color preference of mosquitoes. This study was done during the year 2014-17 in Pothwar region, Punjab, Pakistan. Specified sampling habitats were visited throughout the year to determine spatio-temporal distribution and to explore the mosquitoes in this region. Oviposition color preference was studied in laboratory and field conditions by using colored ovitraps. Twenty eight mosquito species have been discovered from the Pothwar Region, Punjab, Pakistan belonging to five genera. Eight species out of twenty eight were belonging to genus Anopheles, twelve species to genus Culex, three species belonging to genus Lutzia, three species belonging to genus Aedes and two species belonging to genus Armigeres. Six species were newly reported from Pakistan, includingLutzia (Metalutzia) vorax Edwards,1921, Culex (Barraudius) modestus Ficalbi, 1890, Culex (Eumelanomyia) tenuipalpis Barraud, 1924, Culex (Eumelanomyia) pluvialis Barraud,1924, Culex (Lophoceraomyia) seniori Barraud, 1934 and Armigeres (Armigeres) kuchingensis Edwards, 1915. In the present study, Anopheles spp. were found through March-November. The highest population was observed during May, while the lowest was observed during March. Culex vishnui and Culex theileri were observed in all the surveyed habitats, Culex vagans was present in all the habitats, except stream, while Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti were found from all the habitats, except animal sheds. Anopheles maculates, Anopheles theobaldi and Culex seniori were reported from two habitats only. All the species, including Aedes albopictus, Anopheles annularis, Armigeres kuchingensis, Culex vagans and Lutzia raptor followed the same trend of color preference for oviposition in laboratory as well as in field conditions except the Lutzia raptor, which have a unique color preference. Black and red color ovitraps were highly preferred for oviposition, while the least preferred ovitraps were blue. The habitat and seasonal information for Pothwar region are the basis to initiate preventive and control measures against any epidemic (Dengue, Zika Virus, Malaria, Elephentiasis, Yellow fever), if occurs in this region. The information about oviposition behavior can be helpful in forming trap for mosquitoes.