PEACE ESTABLISHMENT: ROLE OF INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANISATIONS(A historical and analytical study) The research study consists of five chapters. It is unique quality of Islam to seek out pragmatic solution to the contemporary problems and to maintain the balance of human rights on the basis of Islamic literature. To pen down the bleak scenario, what Muslims, particularly Pakistani nation witnessed since 9/11/2001 is beyond the researcher’s approach in terms of time and resources. Discrimination of all sorts, say, on the basis of race, language and religion against Muslims are being justified by the United Nation and the international community. On one side, Islam and Muslims are being declared as the emblem of prejudice and hatredness that it possesses danger to the international peace but on the other side of the coin Muslims are seemed the lonely aggrieved nation on the global landscape and stigmatized on international level. The researcher has brought this blatant paradox to the fore and also pleaded that Muslims should not be stigmatized on the name of religion but pragmatic solution of the whole dilemma should be sought out. Additionally, UN should look into the contemporary problems in the light of glorious and peaceful periods of Muhammad (PBUH) and Pious caliphs. Furthermore, Muslims are also warned in the light of Quran and Hadith for their egoism, internal conflicts among themselves in the name of Din. Islam is a peaceful Din that teaches tolerance and gives rights to any sect, cast, creed and religion to be lived with; without any discrimination. No doubt, there might be weaknesses in the Muslims but non-Muslim has also left no stone unturned to stigmatize the Islam as the religion of terror. At the end, may Allah accept this minute effort and make the nation of Islam particularly Pakistan strong and peaceful region of the world. Amin
حصلت الشاعرۃ علی فن الشعر منذ صغرھا، وخاصۃً من أجدادها لأمها، وحسن عسکري لہ الدور الکبیر في تربیۃ بروین شاکر وتھذیبھا من الناحیۃ الأدبیۃ کانت الشاعرۃ تحب ان تقرأ من الشعر أو ما شابہ ذلک من الجرائد والمجلات وکانت تحب ان تسمع القصائد والأغاني في الرادیو وکانت تحب ان تُردد خلف الأغاني والاشعار۔ وعندما وصلت مرحلۃ الثانویۃ تقابلت مع الشاعرۃ المعروفۃ عرفانہ عزیز، فقامت عرفانہ بتربیۃ بروین من الناحیۃ الأدبیۃ والشعریۃ وتھذیب ألفاظھا، ومنحتھا ببعض النصائح والإرشادات التي أفادتھا في مستقبلھا۔ وأول عمل شعري لبروین شاکر کان في 6 - سبتمبر وکانت قصیدتھا الأولیٰ المعنونۃ ب(صبحِ وطن) ۔ (صباح الوطن) وکانت حول 6- سبتمبر، ویقول الدکتور ناظم جعفري عن بروین بأنھا تربت وترعرعت تحت رعایۃ حسن عسکري[1].
تعرفت الشاعرۃ علی أحمد ندیم قاسمي عن طریق منتج رادیو پاکستان یاور مھدي ویقول أحمد ندیم قاسمي وصلتني رسالۃ من شاعر شاب عبیداﷲ علیم في 1971م وفیہ بعض أشعار لبروین شاکر ویقول ھذا الشاب عن بروین شاکر أنھا شابۃ بارعۃ ولھا قصائد رائعۃ، فیقول أحمد ندیم عندما وصتلني أشعارھا وبعد قراءتھا صححتُ بعض الأخطاء البسیطۃ ثم تم نشرها في 1971م[2]، وساعدھا الأستاذ القاسمي في المھارۃ الفنیۃ والشعریۃ وأعطاھا الکثیر من النصائح والإرشادات المھمۃ التي ساعدتھا في براعتھا وتھذیب لُغۃ الشعر وتطور أسالبیھا الشعریۃ۔
This study investigates poverty in Capitalism and Islam in terms of both; as an economic ism and as a living ideology. Capitalism as a living ideology, based on its’ philosophical foundations, eventually yields class conflict, deprivation, discrimination and accumulation of wealth in the hands of a few capitalists. Capitalism as an economic ism has become unpopular in the world not only because of socioeconomic injustices but also due to environmental degradation and losses in biodiversity. Theoretical analysis reveals that the built in mechanism (Demand-Supply) of capitalism is incapable to resolve the issue of poverty effectively. Poverty in Islamic context is a pure economic concept which does not affect the social class system and social values of humans. Furthermore, the measurement concept of poverty in Islam is different from the Capitalism. Poverty has been measured based on the minimum prescribed amount (Nisab) postulated by Islam. Various categories of the poor have been identified while benchmarking the minimum prescribed amount. Keeping into consideration the philosophical foundation of the Capitalism and Islamic Economic System (IES) the study reveals that IES has more potential to resolve the issue of poverty on more fair and equitable basis than the Capitalism.
Asthma is an inflammatory chronic disorder of airways of lungs. In world, asthma is recognized as one of the most chronic diseases, which affects above 300 million people all round the world. In Pakistan, approximately 5-8% of adults are suffering from asthma. Both environmental and genetic factors contribute towards the development of disease. It is a multigenic disorder, and is due to different genetic factors, which also determine immune responses. The purpose of the present study is to identify and investigate polymorphisms in major asthma genes. In present study, 34 SNPs of 28 genes were genotyped by iPLEX and Taqman assay. HLA class II association was done by sequence specific PCR. It is found that the minor alleles of IL10 (rs1800896) and IL13 (rs1800925) are related to increased asthma risk in our population. It is also seen that the minor alleles of ADAM33 (rs2280091) are showing significant association with protection in Pakistani asthmatic population. ADAM33 minor allele is having protective effect in females. ACE homozygous insertion is reported to be associated with asthma risk in Pakistani population. HLA class II DRB1*07 and DQB1*03 are found to be important in asthma pathogenesis and DQB1*06 is showing statistically significant association with protection against the disease.