تصور معذوریت قرآن و سنت کی روشنی میں

The action code of Islam is impartial and strong. All human beings, disabled and abled have the right of gaining justice and bound to giving justice. Because of disableness impartial behavior is against the Islamic justice code. The “good behavior” with disabled persons is the basic law of disableness in Islam. The “good behavior” with disabled persons in Islam is not the result of mercy and pity but is the result of that right of taking equal to the life of common people which is due to the nation and community. Hence the rights of disabled persons are the result of those requirements which are created due to disableness. The meaning which we take conventional is “complete worthlessness” but it means in Islam weak and feeble. That is to say disable person is able to work but he has less ability. Or he has no ability to do one job but has the ability of high rank to do other jobs. The Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) introduced first time this principle of disableness. The Arabs mean the word “disableness” complete uselessness. But the Holy Quran exempted the persons from Jehad not taking part in Tabuk battle because of disableness giving them the name of feebles. Islam does not appeal for mercy with disabled persons but advised to behave well with them and condemns also the injustice of society with them. Islam orders to perform one’s duties to others. Islam not only stresses on the performance of duties but also gives instructions in this connection.

Measuring Entertainment and Automatic Generation of Entertaining Games

With the advancement in technology and decrease in prices of electronic items, Personal Computers (PCs) are becoming common. This has resulted in PCs replacing many other electronic gadgets (televisions, play stations, etc.), as people are inclined to use televisions and play stations in their PCs through software. Games are not an exception from this electronic advancement. All this has increased the number of choices in computer games for the users. At the same time the quality of entertainment provided by these games has also decreased due to abundance of games in the market for PCs. On the other hand the task of game development for the developers is becoming tiresome, which requires scripting the game, modeling its contents and other such activities. Still it cannot be known how much the developed game is entertaining for the end users, as entertainment is a subjective term. Another issue from the point of view of game developers is the constant need of writing new games, requiring investment both in terms of time and resources. In order to address afore mentioned challenges (measuring of entertainment and automated generation of games). First task is to devise some metrics that can quantify the entertainment value of a game. Although creating a single quantitative measure for all genres of games is not trivial, but a separate metrics for each can be devised. Based upon the entertainment metrics some computational intelligence techniques can be used to create new and entertaining games. In this work we create a set of metrics for measuring entertainment in computer games. The genres we address are board based games and video games (predator/prey and platform games). The metrics are based theories of entertainment in computer games, taken from literature. Further we use Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) to generate new and entertaining games using the proposed entertainment metrics as the fitness function. The EA starts with a randomly initialized set of population and using genetic operators (guided by the proposed entertainment metrics) we reach a final set of population that is optimized against entertainment. For the purpose of verifying the entertainment value of the evolved games with that of the human we conduct a human user survey and experiment using the controller learning ability.