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Development and Validation of Emotional Intelligence Scale and Emotional Intelligence As a Predictor of Marital Quality

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Batool, Syeda Shahida

Program

PhD

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2009

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Philosophy & psychology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/1382

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725299578

Similar


The role of emotional intelligence in various domains has been supported through scientific studies and contemporary psychologists are working to promote this concept for better quality of life (Geher & Renstrom, 2004). The main objectives of the present research were to develop an indigenous self-report measure of the trait emotional intelligence, and to see its relationship with marital quality. The objectives of the research were achieved in four independent studies. The Scale of Emotional Intelligence ((SEI) was based on Bar-on model of social emotional intelligence (1997, 2000). In study 1 pool of 155 items was generated and 72 items were selected for factor analysis. The factorial validity of the scale was determined on a sample of 1547 individuals (857 males & 690 females) belonging to different cities of Pakistan. The 72 items were subjected to principal component analysis using varimax rotation method. The eigen values and scree plot provided evidence for the factor solution. A total of 56 items defining factors (viz., interpersonal skill, self-regard, assertiveness, emotional self-awareness, empathy, impulse control, flexibility, problem solving, stress tolerance, and optimism), that collectively accounted for 62.7% of variance were selected. The reliability estimate of alpha coefficient (α = .95), and item-total correlations ranging from (r = .139 to r = .79) supported the high internal consistency of the Scale of Emotional Intelligence. The present study also assessed the gender and age differences on the trait emotional intelligence and significant differences were found for gender and 5 age groups. Average gender based age norms were also developed. Convergent validity of the Scale of Emotional Intelligence was determined in study 2 by estimating correlation between SEI scores and Bar-On EQ-i scores and significantpositive correlation (r = .686, p< .01) was found. The convergent validity was further supplemented by correlating scores on SEI with peer rating and significant positive correlation (r = .631, p < .01) was found. The discriminant validity of the scale was determined in study 3 by finding correlation between scores on the Scale of Emotional Intelligence and Beck Depression Inventory (1993) for 30 diagnosed patients of depression and significant moderate negative correlation (r = -.50, p < .01) was yielded. In another independent study, the role of emotional intelligence as a predictor of marital quality was examined on a sample of 170 married partners. Marital quality was measured with Marital Relationship Questionnaire based on Burgess - Cottrell Marriage Adjustment Schedule (1936) and Conflict Resolution Questionnaire by McClellan (1993). Emotional intelligence explained significant amount of variance for marital relationship and conflict resolution (i.e., R2 = .485, F = 158.450, p < .000; & R2 = .558. F = 211.729, p < .000) consecutively. As role of factors of emotional intelligence concerned; assertiveness, empathy, interpersonal skill, optimism, stress tolerance, and impulse control appeared as salient predictors of marital quality. The results uphold SEI as a promising indigenous psychometric measure for emotional intelligence
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اسم ِ استفہامیہ : کیف؟ (کیسے)

اسم ِ استفہامیہ :کیف؟ (کیسے)

ارشارِ ربانی ہے:

"كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ مَنْ كَانَ فِي الْمَهْدِ صَبِيًّا"۔[[1]]

"لو بھلا ہم گود کے بچے سے باتیں کیسے کریں؟۔"

سیدہ مریم نے فرشتہ کی ہدایت کے مطابق ان کی کڑوی کسیلی باتوں میں سے کسی کا جواب نہ دیا بلکہ اس نومولود بچے کی طرف اشارہ کردیا کہ یہ خود جواب دے گا۔ اس بات پر لوگ اور زیادہ برہم ہوئے اور کہنے لگے ایک تو خود مجرم ہو دوسرے ہمارا مذاق اڑاتی ہو ۔ یہ بچہ جو ابھی پیدا ہوا ہے بھلا ان باتوں کا کیا جواب دے سکتا ہے؟



[[1]]         القرآن ، ۱۹:۲۹

التفكير الاستراتيجي وعلاقته بالاداء الوظيفي في وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرّف على علاقة التفكير الإستراتيجي بالأداء الوظيفي في وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية ومديريّاتها، إضافة إلى التعرّف إلى واقع ممارسة أبعاد التفكير الإستراتيجي في الوزارة، ومعرّفة مستوى الأداء الوظيفي في الوزارة، كما تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة في ندرة الدراسات والبحوث التطبيقية التي تتناول التفكير الإستراتيجي ومستوى الاهتمام به وعلاقته بالمتغيرات الأخرى، خاصة في القطاع العام في فلسطين، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدمت الإستبانة أداة لجمع البيانات اللازمة من مجتمع الدراسة وعدده 550 موظفًا، وقد اعتمدت العينة العشوائية الطبقية النسبية ، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمّها أنّ درجة تطبيق موظفي الإدارة العليا في وزارة التربية والتعليم للتفكير الإستراتيجي متوسطة، حيث بلغت نسبة تطبيق موظفي الإدارة العليا للتفكير الإستراتيجي (61.40%)، وأنّ مستوى الأداء الوظيفي لموظفي الإدارة العليا جاء بدرجة مرتفعة وبنسبة تقييم بلغت (70.8%) ، كما وتبين وجود علاقة طردية ذات دلالة احصائية بين تطبيق التفكير الإستراتيجي ومستوى الأداء الوظيفي في وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية. وفي ضوء النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة، قُدمت مجموعة من التوصيات أبرزها على وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية تبني ثقافة التفكير الاستراتيجي ونشرها بين العاملين في كافة المستويات ومنحنهم صلاحيات تمكنهم من ممارسة التفكير الاستراتيجي. كما وعليها تعزيز العاملين ذوي الأداء الوظيفي المرتفع وتحفيزهم باستمرار ورصد احتياجاتهم وتدريبهم والذي ينعكس بشكل ايجابي في تحقيق أهداف وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية. الكلمات المفتاحية: التفكير الاستراتيجي ، الاداء الوظيفي ، التعليم في فلسطين

Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis in Bread Wheat-Derived Lines Across Environment

Identification of high yielding stable genotypes is an integral objective of plant breeding programs. Testing of genotypes across environments is required to determine yield stability of genotypes. The specific objective of the current study was to analyze genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of grain yield for 50 genotypes using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. Experiments were planted in an alpha lattice design with two replicates in Peshawar (E-1 and E-3), Hangu (E-2 and E-4) and Kohat (E-5) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan during 2011/12 and 2012/13. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all traits, while interactions due to genotype by environment were significant for all traits except days to emergence and 1000-grain weight. Significant GEI justified environment-specific as well as AMMI analysis to identify genotypes with specific and wider adaptation. The AMMI analysis revealed that the first interaction principal component analysis (IPCA 1) captured 64.0% of GEI sum of squares while the second interaction principal component analysis (IPCA 2) explained 25.8% of the interaction sum of square. The AMMI biplot identified G30 as a high yielding genotype followed by G19 and G49, whereas low yielding genotypes were G13, G8 and G7. Being close to IPCA1 axis, the most stable genotype with wider adaptability was G30 followed by G31 and G25. Based on AMMI stability value (ASV), genotypes G18 (2.15), G5 (2.78), G27 (3.72), G44 (4.31), G25 (4.43), G42 (4.57), G43 (5.78), G11 (5.82), G1 (7.66) and G29 (7.81) were found in the given order of relative stability. GGE biplot analysis explained 79.9% (PCA1=56.6 and PCA2= 23.3%) of the total variation. Genotype G19 positioning on vertex in sector E-3, E-4 and E-5, while G30 in sector E-1 and E-2 revealed their specific suitability to respective environments. GGE biplot identified environment E-4 as the most representative environment, whereas G49, G30, G22 and G45 as the high yielding genotypes. Shifted multiplicative model (SHMM) grouped genotypes into four clusters based on similarity/dissimilarity index for grain yield. High yielding and stable genotypesG19, G49 and G30 were placed in group B. Grain yield had positive association with tillers m-2 (r =0.73**), grain weight spike-1 (r =0.57**), biological growth rate (r =0.44**), grain growth rate (r = 0.80**), biological yield (r = 0.41**) and harvest index (r = 0.55*). The SHMM clustering and correlations of yield with other traits inferred that tillers m-2, grain weight spike-1, biological growth rate, grain growth rate, biological yield and harvest index contributed towards higher grain yield. Therefore, these traits could be used as selection criteria for the improvement of grain yield in bread wheat. Stability analysis identified G49 (Wafaq × Ghaznavi-98-3) as a high yielding stable genotype among breeding lines which can be commercialized after fulfilling procedural requirements