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Home > Prevalence and Psychological Correlates of Social Anxiety Disorder Among University Students in Peshawar

Prevalence and Psychological Correlates of Social Anxiety Disorder Among University Students in Peshawar

Thesis Info

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Author

Parvez, Saima

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Peshawar

City

Peshawar

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Philosophy & psychology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2465/1/3079S.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725326057

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The purpose of present study was to investigate the prevalence and psychological correlates of social anxiety disorder among university students. The research was carried out in three phases, in first phase social anxiety disorder was identified in university students, in second phase socially anxious students personality traits and perceived parenting styles was identified, and in third phase non anxious students personality traits and parenting styles were assessed for comparison purpose. A total sample of 500 students in which 250 were male and 250 were females ranging in age 17-25 years with educational background of 1st year to M.sc final year were selected randomly from different rural and urban universities. It was hypothesized that Social anxiety will be high among female students as compared to male students. Parenting style of parents of socially anxious students would be overprotective and rejecting as compared to non-anxious students. Students belonging to rural areas would have more social anxiety as compared to students belonging to urban areas. Liebowitz social anxiety scale, Rosenberg selfesteem scale, introversion scale, shyness scale, and measure of parental style were used to assess social anxiety disorder, self-esteem, introversion, shyness, and perceived parenting style. T-test, chi-square and one way Anova was applied on the result to investigate the significant differences between the two groups. Results confirmed hypotheses; it was found that social anxiety disorder is more among female students and students belonging to rural areas. It was also concluded that socially anxious students rate their parenting style as over control and rejecting. Social anxiety disorder affects personality traits such as shyness, self-esteem, and introversion.
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المبحث الخامس: کفِ آئينة

المبحث الخامس: کفِ آئينة

 ( کفِ آئینہ ) ھذہ المجموعۃ الشعریہ الخامسۃ والأخیرۃ لبروین شاکر التي تمّ نشرھا بعد وفاتھا، وقد اختارت الشاعرۃ بروین شاکر اسم مؤلفھا ھذا ولکن الحیاۃ لم تساعدھا في أن تکمل مسیرتھا ولم تستطع طبعھا ونشرھا. وأھم میزۃ في ھذا المؤلف ھي المشاعر الحزینۃ وعواطف مليئة بالأحزان والآلام، وبعض النقاد أعتبر (کفِ آئینہ) إمتزاجًا بین (إنکار) و (خوشبو)، وبعض الکتاب اعتبروا (کفِ آئینہ) العمل الراقي المتطور والملون لبروین شاکر، وھذہ المجموعۃ عبارۃ عن الخیال الرفیع والفکر العمیق والأسلوب الجدید والتعبیر الصادق للأحاسیس ومشاعر الشاعرۃ ویتضح نظرتھا للحیاۃ والواقع أکثر من نظرتھا للخیال والوھم۔

 وأھم المواضع التي تناولتھا الشاعرۃ ھي حیاتھا الخاصۃ وتجاربھا وما حولھا من الحالات الإجتماعیۃ والمآثر الدنیاویۃ، وھموم الحیاۃ ومتاعب العمر وأحزان القلب ومآسي العیش ومصاعب الحب وغیرھا من المواضیع الحزینۃ المليئة بالألم والأوجاع وتکالیف الحیاۃ، وقد تناولت الشاعرۃ المواضیع القدیمۃ بأفکارھا وأسلوبھا الجدید وقد استخدمت تعابیر صادقۃ بمزاج متناغم قدیم ولکن بترتیب متناسق وبطریقۃ متطورۃ حدیثۃ تلفت أنظار الجمھور من الأدباء والقراء۔ وقد نالت ھذہ المجموعۃ أیضاً إعجاب القراء ومثقفي الأدب وفي الأبیات الآتیۃ تربط بین الزھرۃ والھواء العلیل وھذا دلیل علی أن الشاعرۃ کانت لھا القابلیۃ في أن تجعل من الأفکار القدیمۃ معان وکلمات جدیدۃ متطورۃ توافق مع العصر الحاضر۔

اک حجاب تہہ اقرار ہے مانع ورنہ
 گل کو معلوم ہے کیا دست صبا چاہتا ہے
الترجمۃ:
 ھناک حجابٌ بین الطرفین تمنع وإلاّ
 الزھرۃ تعلم ما ذا ترید ید الھواء العلیل

 

 

جنگ، جہاد اور قتل

An elaborate endeavor in studying world religions would glaringly uncover the fact that most of the religions have enacted rules to follow, pertinent to daily livelihood. Such are the set of rules that the followers of the religion must follow. These rules very much include the rules about edibles. The food is something upon which not only human sustenance rests but it also keeps the human soul alive. For the same very reason we find religious and scientific prohibitions on things that are harmful for humans and if consumed evil takes the better of man’s heart, bringing upon him moral redundancy and sinister way of life. Such people are deprived of peace and piety. They ultimately not only suffer unbearable individual loss but also become a burden onto the society, country and nation

Molecular Genetic Analysis of Families With Nystagmus

Genetic studies provide an opportunity to discover the basis of inherited diseases. Identification of new disease-causing variants provides important insights into the molecular genetic basis of an inherited disease. Once the genetic cause of a disorder is established, diagnostic testing may be performed to provide affected families the chance of early diagnosis and treatment intervention, support may be provided via premarital or prenatal counseling, and educational benefits may be provided regarding the causes and nature of the inherited disease. Nystagmus, characterized by abnormal eye movement can be non-syndromic or syndromic (associated most commonly with albinism and OCA). Most commonly observed form of eyes movement is horizontal (to-and-fro), but some other like vertical, rotary, jerk and pendular have also been reported. Idiopathic congenital nystagmus (ICN) refers to a group of abnormal eye movements which can be observed within the first 6 months after birth (early infancy). The worldwide Frequency of nystagmus is unknown but one study revealed 1in 1,500 live births. There is no report available about its prevalence in the Pakistani population. This study involves the genetic investigation of nystagmus and associated syndromes in selected families from different regions of Pakistan. During this work, six (6) novel mutations were uncovered in four genes, associated with non-syndromic (FRMD7) and syndromic (TYR, OCA2, and CNGA3) nystagmus. These mutations are one novel nonsense mutation p.leu133* in the FRMD7 gene in a family (Family-01) with congenital nystagmus, a novel missense mutation p.Trp80Cys in the first coding exon of TYR in two families (Family-02 and 03), two novel heterozygous OCA2 gene mutations p.Arg588Trp and p.Arg137Ilefs*83 in two families (Family-05 & and 06) and a novel missense mutation c.1540G>A (p.D514N) in family-08 along with one reported TYR mutation, three OCA2 heterozygous and one CNGA3 mutation in different families (Family04, Family-07, and Family-09).In order to establish the pathogenic potential of the described variants, different in-silico analyses were performed. Further, normal and mutated protein structures were predicted by expand current knowledge of the molecular causes of nystagmus and associated clinical conditions. More in-depth investigation of the disease mechanisms underlying these conditions may, in turn, translate into providing treatment therapies for affected families in near future.