آہ سید صاحب!
علم و اخلاق کی دنیا اجڑ گئی
رفتی واز رفتینِِ تو عالمے تاریک شد
تو مگر شمعی چو رفتی بزم برہم ساختی
آہ گذشتہ مہینہ ۲۲؍ نومبر کی رات کو کراچی ریڈیو اسٹیشن سے یہ جانکاہ خبر بجلی بن کر گری کہ حضرت الاستاذ مولانا سید سلیمان ندوی رحمتہ اﷲ علیہ نے ۲۲ اور ۲۳ کی درمیانی شب کو ساڑھے سات بجے اس جہاں فانی کو الوداع کہا، یہ خبر وابستگانِ دامنِ سلیمانی کے لیے ایسی ناگہانی اور ہوش ربا تھی کہ کچھ دیر تک سمجھ میں نہ آتا تھا کہ کیا ہوگیا، مگر مشیت الٰہی پوری ہو کر رہی اور بالآخر یقین کرنا پڑا کہ اس مسیحا نفس نے بھی جان جان آفرین کے سپرد کردی، جو عمر بھر اپنی زبان و قلم سے مردہ دلوں میں روح حیات پھونکتا رہا، اور امراضِ ملت کا وہ ماہر طبیب اٹھ گیا، جس نے اس کے ناتواں جسم میں نئی طاقت و توانائی پیدا کی، وہ چشمۂ فیض خشک ہوگیا جس کی آبیاری سے دین و ملت کا چمن سیراب تھا وہ شیخ کامل اُٹھ گیا، جس نے دلوں کی دنیا منور کی، وہ شمع خاموش ہوگئی، جو نصف صدی تک علم و فن کی ہر مجلس میں ضیا بار رہی، وہ تاجدار رخصت ہوگیا، جس کا سکہ علم و فن کی پوری اقلیم میں رواں تھا، اسلامی علوم کا وہ امام و مجدد اٹھ گیا، جس نے اُن کو نئی زندگی بخشی، مذہب اسلام کا وہ متکلم اور اسلامی تاریخ و تمدن کا وہ محقق اٹھ گیا، جس نے ان کو اُن کی اصل شکل اور نئے لباس میں جلوہ گر کیا، پیغام محمدی کا وہ شارح و ترجمان خاموش ہوگیا، جس نے اپنی بصیرت سے اُس کے اسرار و حکم بے نقاب کئے، اور اس کی ذات جامع الصفات پر علوم کی جامعیت...
A judge should be honest, transparent, free and fair. He should always respect law. The question arises that if a judge who disrespects law and makes unbalanced decisions: as a result of which people get affected then will he or she be penalized? The Ḥanafi Scholars opine that if a judge passes a wrong decision intentionally, he should be penalized from his own property. Because in Islamic jurisprudence, judiciary owns a supremacy over the masses and everyone irrespective of the position is equal and has to obey law. Whether he is a judge or a commoner, he has to follow the rules and regulations as prescribed by law. In practice, Pakistani judges are not held responsible for making a wrong verdict. Our judges make judgments on the basis of already manipulated evidence. A judge bars himself from the responsibility of collecting evidence. Similarly, if a judge has developed personal grudges with the criminal then the criminal reserves right of appealing the higher court where the decision is reviewed and rectified. In such situation, there is a compulsion between the legal maxim "وَالْأَصْلُ عَدَمُ الضَّمَان" and the Pakistani laws. However, Ḥanafi jurisprudence and Pakistani Laws are not in accordance with each other. This study concentrates upon the nature of punishment and tort to be applied on judges in case of making a decision based on falsehood. It is suggested that Pakistan’s Judiciary should be reread as that the already in-practice system does not comply with the standards of Islamic teachings.
The dairy industry is associated with the production of contaminated waste water. The whey disposal remains a serious pollution problem for dairy industry, particularly in developing countries. Direct disposal of whey in the environment creates serious pollution problems, it destroys the physical and chemical structure of soil which decreases the crops yield and if discarded in water bodies, it reduces the aquatic life. The best solution to this environmental problem is the enzymatic hydrolysis of whey by using β-galactosidase which catalyses the hydrolysis of lactose (main constituent of whey) into its basic monomers, glucose and galactose. β-galactosidase can be obtained from different sources like plants, animals and microorganisms whereas bacterial β-galactosidase is generally regarded as safe. The basic aim of present research is to investigate the utilization of dairy industrial waste (cheese whey) as a substrate for the biosynthesis of β-galactosidase to convert environmental waste into useful biomaterial from a noval β-galactosidase producing bacterial isolate from Antarctica. Two hundred and thirty five isolates were obtained from five samples (ice, water and microbial mats) collected from different sites of Antarctica and screened for their ability to produce β-galactosidase by using X-gal. A total of 61 bacterial isolates which turned blue on X-gal were then cultured in R2 medium and Marine medium aseptically at 10˚C for one month. The most potent bacterial isolates were identified using a polyphasic taxonomical approach. Cells were found strictly aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped, motile and formed creamy white, half transparent colonies. Growth occurred at 4°C to 28°C with an optimum at 20°C, with 0 – 5.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum at 0 - 1.0 %) and at pH 4.0 – 11.0 (optimum at pH 7.0 - 9.0). The major fatty acid was C18:1 ω7c. Respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). The DNA G+C content was 60.7 %. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylmethanolamine in addition to three unidentified lipids, one unknown glycolipid, and five unidentified phospholipids. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed highest sequence similarity (98.1 %) to Pararhizobium giardinii H152T, P. herbae CCBAU 83011T, and “P. polonicum” F5.1T. In silico average nucleotide identity (ANI) and genome-to-genome distance calculator (GGDC) showed 81.1 % identity (ANI) and 22.6 % identity (GGDC) to the closest relative, “P. polonicum” F5.1T. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic and chemotaxonomic data, the two strains xii represent a novel species of the genus Pararhizobium, for which the name Pararhizobium antarcticum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NAQVI 59T LSRP00000000 (=DSMZ 103442T = LMG29675T). Strains NAQVI-58 and NAQVI-59T showed the highest enzyme production (0.21 U/ml) for strain NAQVI-58 and (0.33 U/ml) for strain NAQVI-59 with cheese whey as a substrate at pH (7), 28 ˚C and after 48 hours of incubation respectively. In this study, a new Pararhizobium sp. is discovered by using dairy industrial waste cheese whey as a substrate which is further used for the production of β-galactosidase.