The Health and Sanitary Status of Mamanwa Indigenous People in Selected Areas in Caraga Region

This study aims to determine the health and sanitary status of the Mamanwa indigenous people in selected areas in CARAGA Region. The respondents were the Mamanwa people who are residents of Cantugas, Mainit, Surigao del Norte community, and Kitcharao, Agusan del Norte community. The study used descriptive research design utilizing questionnaire and personal interview in gathering the data. The total population of the respondents is 69 and respondents from both communities were selected based on simple random design.   The study used percentage and mode/majority criterion, weighted mean, and Kendal-tau correlation. The findings showed that in the extent of health and sanitation education which was divided into three factors: Factor 1 which is the regularity of adopting health and sanitation practices shows a mean rating described as always except for item 9. Factor 2 was about exposure to health and sanitation campaign and education show a mean rating of sometimes. Factor 3 is about awareness on health and sanitation show a mean rating of sometimes. On the economic status of Mamanwa people which was the (factor 1) economic status of Mamanwa parents, 75.4% of the Mamanwa parents send their children to school and 64.9% of Mamanwa parents’ allocated budget for clothing and other personal necessities. On social status of the location (factor 2), only 35.1% of the respondents said that they have proper waste disposal and segregation.  The results showed that Mamanwa children regardless of sex and age were undernourished and there is a significant relationship between the regularity of adopting health and sanitation practices with hygiene on health care where it had an R-value of 0.47 and 0.35 respectively. Lastly, only economic factor on the social status of the location had a significant relationship on the health status of Mamanwa children in terms of BMI which had an R-value -0.20 and p-value 0.049.

Interaction Between Moral Identity Centrality and Indivisuals Workplace Behaviors

The objective of the current study was to determine the interaction of moral identity centrality and individuals’ behaviors in Rawalpindi and Islamabad service sector organizations. To get the objectives of research, there was quantitative methodology in the current study. On the basis of literature review, the relationships among the specified variables were studied. The target population was service sector organizations in Rawalpindi and Islamabad region of Pakistan. Selfreported rating survey questionnaire was used, as quantitative data was collected from 401 individuals. In total, 14 hypotheses were developed which were analyzed through SEM and interaction of all the variables showed good model fitness. The results showed that when there is high level of moral identity centrality in the employees of organizations, top management appears to support the moral characteristics to improve the behaviors of employees. It was also found that moral characteristics help in the improvement of employees’ behaviors with the effects of mediators like job satisfaction, self-efficacy, cynicism and perception of organizational politics. Findings of the quantitative research were in support of the earlier studies. The study tried to explore the interaction of moral identity in the service sector organizations, which has academic and managerial effectiveness. These organizations should focus on the effectiveness of moral characteristics, to increase the engagement level in the employees and buffering moral disengagement. In addition to SEM, also performed Sobel’s test to verify the significance of my results. This test has showed and verified the results as significant.