Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > A Novel Approach for Evaluation of Multivariate Individual Bioequivalence

A Novel Approach for Evaluation of Multivariate Individual Bioequivalence

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Abdur Rasheed

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Statistics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/11411/1/Abdur%20Rasheed%20statistics%202018%20uok%20karachi%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725402061

Similar


In this dissertation, a multivariate generalization of the criterion used for testing individual bioequivalence is proposed. Although various approaches have been reported in the literature for multivariate equivalence, the majority of these contemplate simultaneous comparisons of only means in each dimension for multivariate equivalence region. Unlike previous approaches, our proposed criterion combines not only the comparison of means and variances but also the within-subject correlations into a single aggregate criterion. In fact, in this research two multivariate criteria for testing of individual bioequivalence have been developed. The first criterion is based on traces of variance-covariance matrices of test and reference formulation hence ignores the correlation among pharmacokinetic parameters. Hence, for this criterion, the consideration of extension from univariate to multivariate could be questionable. Therefore, another criterion has been developed which is unlike the previous one and it involves the correlation among pharmacokinetic parameters. Finally, thesecond criterion is proposed as a multivariate generalization for testing of individual bioequivalence which is an actual multivariate extension of univariate individual bioequivalence approved by Food and Drug Administration. The proposed method is also illustrated by testing individual bioequivalence on Food and Drug Administration dataset. The exact distribution of proposed criterion is hard to drive, therefore, the bootstrap method as recommended by Food and Drug Administration is proposed. The performance of proposed multivariate individual bioequivalence criterion has been evaluated through a simulation study. The size and power of testing for individual bioequivalence using proposed multivariate criterion are determined by varying mean differences, within-subject variances, sample sizes as well as within-subject correlations between pharmacokinetic parameters.
Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

شہادتوں کے علم

شہادتوں کے علم

شہادتوں کے علم جب بلند ہو جائیں

تو پھر جہان میں رسوا یزید ہوتے ہیں

 

عظیم باپ کی بیٹی بتا گئی شوکت

حسینؑ والے ہمیشہ شہید ہوتے ہیں

 

وطن کے ہر غریب کو جگا کے آپ سو گئی

شعور جب طلوع ہوا تو خود غروب ہو گئی

 

غریب قوم کے لیے وہ باپ کی سفیر تھی

نظیر جس کی نہ ملے وہ اتنی بے نظیر تھی

 

وفاق کی امنگ تھی عوام ہی کے سنگ تھی

کنیز کربلا کی بس یزیدیت سے جنگ تھی

 

بہا کے لے گئی ہر ستم کو اپنی موج سے

وہ کربلائے وقت میں ڈری نہیں ہے فوج سے

 

وہ آمروںکی گردنوں پہ نقش پا جما گئی

وہ بھٹو بھٹو کر کے سب کو بھٹو ہی بنا گئی

 

سنو لحد کی گود میں وہ صاحب مراد ہے

وہ کل بھی زندہ باد تھی وہ اب بھی زندہ باد ہے

                                                                                                                سلام شہید رانی

 

السلم الاجتماعی: ضرورتہ و مبادئہ فی ضوء الشریعۃ الاسلامیۃ

Islam is a religion of peace and harmony. The Islamic teachings are guarantee of peaceful co-existence. A society which practices Islamic teachings of peaceful co-existence, brotherhood and cooperation makes advancement. Disharmony and non-tolerance causes societal decline. The article focuses the importance of peaceful co-existence in light of the Islamic teachings. Besides discussing the principles of societal peace mentioned in the holy Qur’an and Hadith, it has been elaborated that how these principles can be applied to achieve and maintain societal peace and order in contemporary times. The articles ends with some guiding principles and details as suggested in the Qur’an and Sunnah. A Muslim society can prosper only by adopting these principles in letter and spirit and resultantly their differences will be a thing of past. These guiding principles are as under: § Justice and Equality. § Guarantee to rights of all segments of society. § Abiding the rulers in lawful. § Promulgation of Islamic Sharia and observing its objectives. § Adopting moderate and balanced approach in religious matters. § Discharging the duty of preaching in light of Qur’an &Sunnah. § Cooperation in righteous &lawful and avoiding conflict. § Performing citizenry duties in light of Islamic Teachings. § Participating in reformative activities of society.

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Dairy Animals and Humans Alongwith Pathomorphological Changes in Experimentally Induced Infection

Brucellosis is one of the world’s major zoonotic problems. It may cause considerable economic losses. In livestock, it results in reduced productivity, abortion, weak offsprings and is a major impediment for the trade. Almost all domestic species can be affected by this disease. Aim of the present study was to know the prevalence of brucellosis in different food animals and humans. For this purpose, 2375 serum samples were collected. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Serum Agglutination Test (SAT) was applied for initial screening and then positive samples were subjected to i-ELISA and c- ELISA for conformation. Experimental infection was induced in rabbits to study the histopathological changes in different organs. The data thus collected was interpreted and subjected to statistical analysis. The sero-prevalence of brucellosis in relation to age, sex, parity and stage of lactation of the animal was determined.