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Home > Alleviation of Salinity and Boron Stress by Potassium Application in Cotton Gossypium Hirsutum L.

Alleviation of Salinity and Boron Stress by Potassium Application in Cotton Gossypium Hirsutum L.

Thesis Info

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Author

Muhammad Aftab

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Applied Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6968/1/Muhammad_Aftab_Soil_Sciences_UAF_2015.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725456705

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Among abiotic environmental stresses, high salinity in association with boron has more adverse effects retarding crop production in arid to semiarid area throughout the world including Pakistan. Cotton is one of the major cash crops and called as a white gold of the Pakistan which is critically affected by higher levels of salinity and boron stress. Potassium helps the plant to maintain its life under salinity and boron stress conditions. Keeping in view the stated facts, different sets of studies/ experiments were conducted in the wire house of Saline Agriculture Research Center, Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, for screening of tolerant and sensitive cotton varieties against salinity and boron stress. In first study salinity levels i.e (Control, 70 mM and 140 mM) and boron levels (5 mM, 10 mM ) alone and in combination were developed by using NaCl and H3BO3. Six varieties of cotton (NIAB-777, IUB-222, FH-114, FH-113, NIAB-846 and SG1AA) were allowed to grow in half strength Hoagland’s Solution. After 30 days plants were harvested and on the basis of growth and ionic parameters ranking of varieties were done to identify salinity and boron stress tolerance. The variety FH-114 was found tolerant to salinity and boron stress and NIAB-846 was found very sensitive to salinity and boron stress. Second study was a pot study which was conducted to alleviate the adverse effect of salinity and boron toxicity in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by exogenous application of potassium. In this study two varieties were used which were selected from the first study. Potassium was applied in the form of K2SO4. Results depicted that by the application of potassium growth as well as ionic parameters were improved. The exogenous application of potassium improved the growth of both varieties. So it was concluded that potassium alleviate the adverse effect of both salinity and boron stress. Third study was a lysimeter experiment which was conducted to evaluate the effect of potassium on biochemical attributes of selected cotton varieties under combined stress of salinity and boron in lysimeter. When potassium was applied in the form of K2 SO4 the antioxidant enzyme activity was enhanced which give ability to the plant to survive under stress conditions. More over the percent decrease in salt load was more in case of FH-114 than NIAB-846.
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امین الدین

امین الدین !
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Muhammad (SAW) in the Near-Contemporaneous Non-Muslim Sources: An Appraisal of Robert Spencer’s Views

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Estimation of the Losses Caused by Mites in Wheat During Storage

In the present study, investigations were made to find the changes in different physical and chemical parameters of three wheat varieties (Lasani-08, Faisalabad-08 and Sehar-06) infested by varying levels of stored grain mites (Rhizoglyphus tritici). Results showed that significant variations were observed in physico-chemical characteristics, mineral profile, amino acid profile and fatty acid profile of three wheat varieties. Mite population was significantly increased and reaches upto 7513 mites in Lasani-08 after six months in the treatment initially treated with twenty pairs of mite. Maximum decrease in the thousand kernel weight was observed in Lasani-08 out of all the three varieties after six months of storage which was from 38.50g in control to 26.07g in treatment with maximum number of mites. Wet and dry gluten were also found decreasing with increasing infestation of stored grain mites in three wheat varieties. Wet gluten ranged from 22.65% in T3 after six months to 31.74% in T4 after one month in Sehar-06, while dry gluten ranged from 6.17% in T3 after six months to 9.92% in T4 after one month in Sehar-06. Moisture content was found increasing with increasing mite population after different storage periods in three varieties. Maximum moisture was observed in Lasain-08 after six months of storage in the treatment initially treated with twenty pairs of mites that was 18.13%. Crude protein and crude fat were found decreasing in three varieties and ranged from 10.03% after six months in T3 of Faisalabad-08 to 14.43% after one month in T4 of Sehar-06 and 0.52% after six months in T3 of Faisalabad-08 to 1.38% after one month in T4 of Faisalabad-08, respectively. Fiber and ash content showed a significant and positive correlation with mite population. Fiber ranged from 1.03% after one month in T4 of Lasani-08 to 4.30% after six months in T3 of Sehar-06. Ash ranged from 1.23% after three and six months in T4 of Lasani-08 to 3.60% after six months in T3 of Sehar-06. Maximum decrease in NFE of Sehar-06 was observed after six months in the treatment having maximum mite population (T3) that was 62.12% from 65.64% in control. Flour quality parameters such as falling number, water absorption, dough development time, dough stability, mixing tolerance index and softening of dough showed significant and negative correlation with mite population. Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg) and Zinc (Zn) in different wheat varieties were found increasing with increasing mite population after one, three and six months of storage, although this increase was just a proportion increase due to the depletion of other contents in grains. Different amino acids were found decreasing with increasing mite population in three wheat varieties after different storage periods and exhibited negative correlation with mite population. Different fatty acids were found decreasing with increasing mites infestation. After different storage periods Capric, Myristic, Palmitic and Palmitoleic ranged from 0.05 to 0.18%, 0.07 to 0.19%, 12.25 to 16.25% and 0.15 to 0.40%, respectively while Stearic, Oleic, Linoleic and Linolenic ranged from 0.21 to 0.62%, 12.15 to 15.90%, 55.33 to 59.82% and 4.80 to 7.50%, respectively under different treatments. Conclusively, it can be inferred that stored grain mites infestation deteriorate the quality of stored wheat.