MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB YANG TERFOKUS PADA SISWA (STUDENT-CENTERED LEARNING/SCL)

This paper would like to descripte the characteristics of learning that focused on the learners, the benefits, the weaknesses and the steps of its use to achieve the goal of learning Arabic. Learning model is an important part which is understood by every Arabic teacher to be able to present the condition of learning that is always fun for learners. An effective model for learning in Arabic is the learning model that concentrated to student. The use of this learning model is believed to be able to improve the four competencies of Arabic learners, namely the ability to speak, write, read and hear. For this reason, an Arabic teacher must understand the various variants of an effective learning model which centered on the learning potential of students in order to present the materials in an enjoyable. Therefore, it is important for any Arabic teacher to change the teacher-centered paradigm which is conventional teaching towards a modern learning paradigm which centered to the creative ability of students during the Arab learning proccess. The use of learning models which focused to learners in Arabic learning should be supported by teacher innovation that can empower learners to be active during learning. In addition, the teacher seeks to construct the latest Arabic material by utilizing the technology media relevant to the progress of the global education world, especially in learning Arabic as the language of the Islamic world and religious language.

Multilingual Source Code Analysis for Recovery of J2ee Environemnt

Design patterns are proven solutions that help to develop quality software applications and program comprehension at the design level. Recovering design information from source code supports source code analysis for better program understanding, reuse, and re-engineering. With the advent of modern technologies in software development paradigm, the size and complexity of software applications are increased, consequently, extracting software design has become harder and challenging. In these multilingual applications, the design information is scattered in various cross-language artifacts that are interdependent on each other. Therefore, in order to analyze these applications, all the cross-language components and their relationships needs to be resolved.At present, there is no approach known to us that is capable of extracting design information from multilingual applications by using design patterns. The purpose of this thesis is to build the foundation for the analysis of multilingual applications by using design patterns. Java Enterprise Applications are the examples of multilingual applications i.e. their design information is scattered in several multilingual artifacts. This platform is equipped with verified design solutions in the form of J2EE Patterns. J2EE Platform is a multi-tiered architecture. The instances of these patterns are scattered in various crosslanguage components in different layers of J2EE Platform. It is difficult to resolve cross-language artifacts and extract desirable information and dependencies. J2EE Patterns have abstract representations and their formal definitions are not known. In addition, to the best of our insight, there is no approach available to recognize J2EE Patterns from Java enterprise applications. In this dissertation, a novel approach is presented for the detection of J2EE Patterns from the multilingual source code of J2EE applications. For this purpose, customizable and reusable feature types are presented as a catalog of J2EE Pattern definitions. These feature types can accommodate new pattern definitions and are adaptable to detect the variants of any pattern. A prototype toolkit, JPDT (J2EE Pattern Detection Tool) is developed that uses J2EE Pattern definitions based on a catalog of customizable feature types and extracts J2EE Patterns from the multilingual source code of enterprise applications. This tool has three xi basic components; including J2EE Extended Parsing Module (JPSP), J2EE Pattern Detection Engine (JPDE) and J2EE Patterns Visualization Module (JPVM). In order to evaluate the validity of approach and prototype tool, a corpus is built that contains the repository of the source code of J2EE Pattern definitions. Additionally, the tool is evaluated on five open source medium and large enterprise applications. The results reveal 100 % accuracy of approach in successful recognition of J2EE Patterns in source code repository and open source applications. The results also establish the significance of customizable definitions of J2EE Pattern’s catalog and capability of prototype tool.