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Home > Analysis of Medicinal and Chemical Properties of Honeys Collected from Some Selected Locations of Pakistan

Analysis of Medicinal and Chemical Properties of Honeys Collected from Some Selected Locations of Pakistan

Thesis Info

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Author

Noor, Nadia

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7010/1/Nadia_Noor_Chemistry_UAF_2015.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676725485311

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Nature has blessed us with large number of food stuffs honey is one of them. It is composed of variety of substances mainly sugars, moisture and bioactive constituents. Its composition depends on geographical and botanical origin. Physicochemical analysis is a tool for quality evaluation, detection of adulteration and geographical discrimination of honey. Honey is also reported to exhibit excellent bioactive composition which is responsible for therapeutic behavior of this valued natural product. Therefore, present study was designed to evaluate physicochemical properties, bioactive composition, antioxidant profile, antimicrobial behavior and antitumor potential of honey. Honey was also used as bio indicator to detect the heavy metal toxicity of some areas of Pakistan. Natural honey samples were collected from some selected locations of Punjab, Pakistan. Beekeeper’s and branded honey samples were collected from local markets of Pakistan. Quantitative, qualitative and medicinal properties of honey samples were evaluated by using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. Nutritional values of all Pakistani honey samples assessed by physicochemical analysis helped to conclude that all of our honey samples obeyed international standards. EC values of beekeeper’s honey samples were close to those found for natural Pakistani honeys. Natural and commercial Pakistani honeys showed higher protein content as compared to available international data. Proline is the major amino acid of honey. Natural Pakistani honey samples were excellent as compared to branded and beekeeper’s honey samples. HPLC analysis of fructose and glucose ratio and GCMS analysis of isotopic ratio analysis of C13/C12 highlighted the adulteration in commercial and branded honey samples. Trace metal concentration (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn) of all analyzed honey samples were also comparable with available data. In case of toxic metals many regions like Faisalabad, Multan, Bahawalpur, Abdulhakeem and Dunyapur were found to contain toxic metals more than permissible levels; lead and chromium being more prominent. Almost no metal toxicity was found in commercial honeys. Total phenolic, total flavonoids, ascorbic acid, beta carotenoids and lycopene were quantitatively found in natural honey samples in much higher amount as compared commercial honey samples which contained in low amount. All studied honey samples have shown excellent DPPH radical scavenging power, ferric reducing antioxidant power and peroxide scavenging activities. Natural Pakistani honeys produced zones of inhibition in the range of 10-28 mm for all tested bacterial strains whereas antifungal potential observed against all analyzed strains was very poor. Many Pakistani honeys have excellent antitumor potential as compared to many plant extracts. Some natural samples have antitumor activity close to the standard and even two samples have shown more than standard. Many commercial honey samples also have appreciable antitumor activities. Overall Pakistani honeys were found to be promising natural products with excellent nutritional and medicinal properties.
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مولانا حکیم سید عبدالحئی

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ناظم ندوۃ العلماء

            چند مہینوں سے معارف کا پہلا صفحہ علم و فن کے بزرگوں پر ماتم کے لئے مخصوص ہوگیا ہے، آج ہم دوسروں پر ماتم کرتے ہیں، کل دوسرے ہمارا ماتم کریں گے، دنیا کی یہ بزم ماتم اس فانی کائنات کے وجود کے ساتھ قائم ہے اور اسی کے ساتھ قائم رہے گی۔ یہ حوادث آباد عالم جس کو ہم تم قائم مستمر اور مسلسل جان رہے ہیں، ہر آن و ہر لمحہ اس طرح بدل رہا ہے کہ غور سے دیکھو تو معلوم ہوگا کہ جو نقشہ، جو کیفیت، جو صورت حال اس آن ہے وہ اس آن نہیں، ایک مستمر تغیر اور ایک مسلسل انقلاب جاری ہے اور پردہ دار کُلَّ یَوْمٍ ھُوَفیْ شَاَنٍ [الرحمن: ۲۹](ہر روز ایک نئے رنگ میں جلوہ گر ہے) لیکن باانیں ہمہ انقلاب و تغیر بظاہر اس کے قیام، استمرار اور تسلسل میں فرق نہیں آتا، سمندر کی لہریں ہر آن بدل رہی ہیں، مگر سمندر کی صورت میں کوئی فرق پیدا نہیں ہوتا، صورتیں مٹتی جاتی ہیں، شکلیں فنا ہوتی جاتی ہیں، مگر اس آئینہ خانہ کی آبادی اور صورت گری میں کوئی فرق نہیں آتا۔

خدا جانے یہ دنیا جلوہ گاہِ ناز ہے کس کی

ہزاروں اٹھ گئے رونق وہی باقی ہے مجلس کی!

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Terms, Tools and Techniques of Quail Hunt(An Anthropological Study of Trends)

This paper deals with the research findings of an anthropological study about quail hunting and quail fighting in Taunsa Sharif. The major objective of this research was to find the traditional tools and techniques being used for different types of quail hunting by the natives. There is a strong relationship between two of the activities. Through the quail hunting a flock of birds is captured and out of this the finest quails are selected for the fight on the basis of certain culturally defined criteria. There are seven traditional types of quail hunt that are being practiced. All types of hunts vary from each other because of different reasons, i.e., season of the hunt, usage of tools and techniques. The division of labor and party formation has a vital role in both quail hunt and fight. This paper is an attempt to explain the process, practices, tool and techniques of quail hunting. Besides this indigenous perspective about the start of quail fight and hunt are discussed. The data presented in this research paper were collected in Union Council Urban Tehsil Taunsa Sharif by utilizing anthropological research tools and techniques from August 2008 to January 2009.

Effect of Low Protein Diets With Varying Energy to Protein Ratios Supplemented With Limiting Amino Acids on Performance of Broilers

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of low crude protein (CP) diets with increased or constant metabolizable energy to crude protein (ME:CP) ratios supplemented with limiting amino acids (AA) on the performance of broilers. Experiment 1 was conducted to study the effect of lowering dietary CP with optimum limiting AA levels on the performance of broilers from 1 to 35 days of age. Four experimental diets were formulated to have four levels of CP as 23, 22, 21 & 20% in starter phase; 22, 21, 20 & 19% in grower phase and 20, 19, 18 & 17% in finisher phase, respectively. All diets were isocaloric within a phase (2925, 3075 & 3125 kcal/kg ME for starter, grower and finisher periods, respectively). Digestible lysine was maintained at 1.10, 1.02 and 0.90% of the diet in starter, grower and finisher periods, respectively. Results showed that the dietary CP level could be reduced without harmful effects on the growth performance, body composition and carcass characteristics when supplemented with limiting AA. Experiment 2 was conducted to determine the effect of low CP diets with constant ME:CP on the performance of broilers from 1 to 35 days of age. Four experimental diets were formulated to have four levels of CP and ME, respectively, in each phase: 23, 22, 21 and 20% CP, with 3036, 2904, 2772 and 2640 kcal/kg in starter phase; 22, 21, 20 and 19% CP, with 3146, 3003, 2860 and 2717 kcal/kg in grower phase; and 20, 19, 18 and 17% CP, with 3100, 2945, 2790 and 2635 kcal/kg in finisher phase. Digestible lysine was maintained at 1.10, 1.02 and 0.90% of the diet in starter, grower and finisher periods, respectively. Results showed that chicks fed low CP diets with constant energy to protein ratio grew slower, used feed less efficiently and retained more fat than chicks fed the control diets even when standard levels of critical AA were maintained in the diets. In conclusion, reducing the dietary CP level provided substantial economic returns without affecting the performance of broilers. However, reduction of dietary CP with constant ME:CP ratio resulted in reduced broiler performance and carcass composition.